msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2006-06-01 23:03+0200\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"

#: vipw.8.xml:5(refentrytitle) vipw.8.xml:10(refname) vipw.8.xml:19(command) 
msgid "vipw"
msgstr ""

#: vipw.8.xml:6(manvolnum) usermod.8.xml:6(manvolnum) userdel.8.xml:6(manvolnum) userdel.8.xml:147(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:6(manvolnum) pwconv.8.xml:6(manvolnum) pwck.8.xml:6(manvolnum) nologin.8.xml:6(manvolnum) newusers.8.xml:6(manvolnum) logoutd.8.xml:6(manvolnum) lastlog.8.xml:6(manvolnum) grpck.8.xml:6(manvolnum) groupmod.8.xml:6(manvolnum) groupmems.8.xml:6(manvolnum) groupdel.8.xml:6(manvolnum) groupdel.8.xml:78(replaceable) groupadd.8.xml:6(manvolnum) faillog.8.xml:6(manvolnum) faillog.5.xml:49(manvolnum) chpasswd.8.xml:6(manvolnum) chgpasswd.8.xml:6(manvolnum) 
msgid "8"
msgstr ""

#: vipw.8.xml:7(refmiscinfo) usermod.8.xml:7(refmiscinfo) userdel.8.xml:7(refmiscinfo) useradd.8.xml:7(refmiscinfo) pwconv.8.xml:7(refmiscinfo) pwck.8.xml:7(refmiscinfo) nologin.8.xml:7(refmiscinfo) newusers.8.xml:7(refmiscinfo) logoutd.8.xml:7(refmiscinfo) lastlog.8.xml:7(refmiscinfo) grpck.8.xml:7(refmiscinfo) groupmod.8.xml:7(refmiscinfo) groupmems.8.xml:7(refmiscinfo) groupdel.8.xml:7(refmiscinfo) groupadd.8.xml:7(refmiscinfo) faillog.8.xml:7(refmiscinfo) chpasswd.8.xml:7(refmiscinfo) chgpasswd.8.xml:7(refmiscinfo) 
msgid "System Management Commands"
msgstr ""

#: vipw.8.xml:11(refname) vipw.8.xml:22(command) 
msgid "vigr"
msgstr ""

#: vipw.8.xml:12(refpurpose) 
msgid "edit the password, group, shadow-password or shadow-group file"
msgstr ""

#: vipw.8.xml:19(arg) vipw.8.xml:22(arg) usermod.8.xml:18(replaceable) userdel.8.xml:16(arg) useradd.8.xml:17(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:29(replaceable) su.1.xml:17(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:18(replaceable) lastlog.8.xml:18(replaceable) faillog.8.xml:18(replaceable) chpasswd.8.xml:18(replaceable) chgpasswd.8.xml:18(replaceable) chage.1.xml:17(replaceable) 
msgid "options"
msgstr ""

#: vipw.8.xml:27(title) usermod.8.xml:25(title) userdel.8.xml:24(title) useradd.8.xml:35(title) suauth.5.xml:21(title) su.1.xml:32(title) sg.1.xml:26(title) shadow.5.xml:15(title) shadow.3.xml:64(title) shadow.3.xml:120(title) pwconv.8.xml:33(title) pwck.8.xml:44(title) porttime.5.xml:15(title) passwd.5.xml:15(title) passwd.1.xml:25(title) nologin.8.xml:21(title) newusers.8.xml:24(title) newgrp.1.xml:22(title) logoutd.8.xml:21(title) login.defs.5.xml:15(title) login.access.5.xml:15(title) login.1.xml:36(title) limits.5.xml:16(title) lastlog.8.xml:24(title) gshadow.5.xml:15(title) grpck.8.xml:25(title) groups.1.xml:24(title) groupmod.8.xml:27(title) groupmems.8.xml:27(title) groupdel.8.xml:24(title) groupadd.8.xml:30(title) gpasswd.1.xml:48(title) faillog.8.xml:24(title) faillog.5.xml:14(title) expiry.1.xml:23(title) chsh.1.xml:24(title) chpasswd.8.xml:24(title) chgpasswd.8.xml:24(title) chfn.1.xml:27(title) chage.1.xml:24(title) 
msgid "DESCRIPTION"
msgstr ""

#: vipw.8.xml:28(para) 
msgid "<command>vipw</command> and <command>vigr</command> will edit the files <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/group</filename>, respectively. With the <option>-s</option> flag, they will edit the shadow versions of those files, <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> and <filename>/etc/gshadow</filename>, respectively. The programs will set the appropriate locks to prevent file corruption. When looking for an editor, the programs will first try the environment variable <envar>$VISUAL</envar>, then the environment variable <envar>$EDITOR</envar>, and finally the default editor, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>vi</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>."
msgstr ""

#: vipw.8.xml:45(title) usermod.8.xml:33(title) userdel.8.xml:33(title) useradd.8.xml:47(title) su.1.xml:78(title) pwck.8.xml:96(title) passwd.1.xml:138(title) login.1.xml:119(title) lastlog.8.xml:36(title) grpck.8.xml:69(title) groupmod.8.xml:35(title) groupmems.8.xml:42(title) groupadd.8.xml:39(title) gpasswd.1.xml:71(title) faillog.8.xml:35(title) chsh.1.xml:45(title) chpasswd.8.xml:46(title) chgpasswd.8.xml:45(title) chage.1.xml:34(title) 
msgid "OPTIONS"
msgstr ""

#: vipw.8.xml:46(para) 
msgid "The options which apply to the <command>vipw</command> and <command>vigr</command> commands are:"
msgstr ""

#: vipw.8.xml:52(term) 
msgid "<option>-g</option>, <option>--group</option>"
msgstr ""

#: vipw.8.xml:54(para) 
msgid "Edit group database."
msgstr ""

#: vipw.8.xml:58(term) userdel.8.xml:62(term) useradd.8.xml:153(term) passwd.1.xml:178(term) lastlog.8.xml:52(term) groupadd.8.xml:72(term) faillog.8.xml:48(term) chpasswd.8.xml:59(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:58(term) chage.1.xml:72(term) 
msgid "<option>-h</option>, <option>--help</option>"
msgstr ""

#: vipw.8.xml:60(para) userdel.8.xml:64(para) useradd.8.xml:155(para) passwd.1.xml:180(para) lastlog.8.xml:56(para) groupadd.8.xml:74(para) faillog.8.xml:50(para) chpasswd.8.xml:61(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:60(para) chage.1.xml:74(para) 
msgid "Display help message and exit."
msgstr ""

#: vipw.8.xml:64(term) 
msgid "<option>-p</option>, <option>--passwd</option>"
msgstr ""

#: vipw.8.xml:66(para) 
msgid "Edit passwd database."
msgstr ""

#: vipw.8.xml:70(term) passwd.1.xml:232(term) 
msgid "<option>-q</option>, <option>--quiet</option>"
msgstr ""

#: vipw.8.xml:72(para) passwd.1.xml:236(para) 
msgid "Quiet mode."
msgstr ""

#: vipw.8.xml:76(term) 
msgid "<option>-s</option>, <option>--shadow</option>"
msgstr ""

#: vipw.8.xml:78(para) 
msgid "Edit shadow or gshadow database."
msgstr ""

#: vipw.8.xml:85(title) usermod.8.xml:246(title) userdel.8.xml:88(title) useradd.8.xml:360(title) suauth.5.xml:139(title) su.1.xml:180(title) sg.1.xml:43(title) shadow.5.xml:105(title) shadow.3.xml:172(title) pwconv.8.xml:109(title) pwck.8.xml:145(title) porttime.5.xml:76(title) passwd.5.xml:87(title) passwd.1.xml:320(title) newusers.8.xml:100(title) newgrp.1.xml:54(title) logoutd.8.xml:35(title) login.access.5.xml:66(title) login.1.xml:198(title) limits.5.xml:107(title) lastlog.8.xml:113(title) gshadow.5.xml:61(title) grpck.8.xml:87(title) groups.1.xml:46(title) groupmod.8.xml:69(title) groupmems.8.xml:103(title) groupdel.8.xml:43(title) groupadd.8.xml:112(title) gpasswd.1.xml:93(title) faillog.8.xml:132(title) faillog.5.xml:34(title) expiry.1.xml:32(title) chsh.1.xml:56(title) chfn.1.xml:59(title) chage.1.xml:175(title) 
msgid "FILES"
msgstr ""

#: vipw.8.xml:88(filename) usermod.8.xml:249(filename) userdel.8.xml:91(filename) useradd.8.xml:375(filename) sg.1.xml:58(filename) pwck.8.xml:148(filename) newgrp.1.xml:69(filename) gshadow.5.xml:64(filename) grpck.8.xml:90(filename) groups.1.xml:49(filename) groupmod.8.xml:72(filename) groupmems.8.xml:106(filename) groupdel.8.xml:46(filename) groupadd.8.xml:115(filename) gpasswd.1.xml:11(filename) gpasswd.1.xml:96(filename) 
msgid "/etc/group"
msgstr ""

#: vipw.8.xml:90(para) usermod.8.xml:251(para) userdel.8.xml:93(para) useradd.8.xml:377(para) sg.1.xml:60(para) pwck.8.xml:150(para) newgrp.1.xml:71(para) gshadow.5.xml:66(para) grpck.8.xml:92(para) groups.1.xml:51(para) groupmod.8.xml:74(para) groupmems.8.xml:108(para) groupdel.8.xml:48(para) groupadd.8.xml:117(para) gpasswd.1.xml:98(para) 
msgid "Group account information."
msgstr ""

#: vipw.8.xml:94(filename) sg.1.xml:64(filename) newgrp.1.xml:75(filename) gshadow.5.xml:70(filename) grpck.8.xml:96(filename) groupmod.8.xml:78(filename) groupmems.8.xml:112(filename) groupdel.8.xml:52(filename) groupadd.8.xml:121(filename) gpasswd.1.xml:102(filename) 
msgid "/etc/gshadow"
msgstr ""

#: vipw.8.xml:96(para) sg.1.xml:66(para) newgrp.1.xml:77(para) gshadow.5.xml:72(para) grpck.8.xml:98(para) groupmod.8.xml:80(para) groupdel.8.xml:54(para) groupadd.8.xml:123(para) gpasswd.1.xml:104(para) 
msgid "Secure group account information."
msgstr ""

#: vipw.8.xml:100(filename) usermod.8.xml:261(filename) userdel.8.xml:103(filename) useradd.8.xml:363(filename) su.1.xml:183(filename) sg.1.xml:46(filename) shadow.5.xml:108(filename) pwck.8.xml:154(filename) passwd.5.xml:90(filename) passwd.1.xml:323(filename) newgrp.1.xml:57(filename) login.1.xml:213(filename) grpck.8.xml:102(filename) expiry.1.xml:35(filename) chsh.1.xml:59(filename) chfn.1.xml:68(filename) chage.1.xml:179(filename) 
msgid "/etc/passwd"
msgstr ""

#: vipw.8.xml:102(para) usermod.8.xml:263(para) userdel.8.xml:105(para) useradd.8.xml:365(para) su.1.xml:185(para) sg.1.xml:48(para) shadow.5.xml:110(para) pwck.8.xml:156(para) passwd.5.xml:92(para) passwd.1.xml:325(para) newgrp.1.xml:59(para) login.1.xml:215(para) grpck.8.xml:104(para) expiry.1.xml:37(para) chsh.1.xml:61(para) chfn.1.xml:70(para) chage.1.xml:182(para) 
msgid "User account information."
msgstr ""

#: vipw.8.xml:106(filename) usermod.8.xml:267(filename) userdel.8.xml:109(filename) useradd.8.xml:369(filename) su.1.xml:189(filename) sg.1.xml:52(filename) shadow.5.xml:114(filename) shadow.3.xml:175(filename) pwck.8.xml:160(filename) passwd.5.xml:96(filename) passwd.1.xml:329(filename) newgrp.1.xml:63(filename) login.1.xml:219(filename) expiry.1.xml:41(filename) chage.1.xml:187(filename) 
msgid "/etc/shadow"
msgstr ""

#: vipw.8.xml:108(para) usermod.8.xml:269(para) userdel.8.xml:111(para) useradd.8.xml:371(para) su.1.xml:191(para) sg.1.xml:54(para) shadow.5.xml:116(para) shadow.3.xml:177(para) pwck.8.xml:162(para) passwd.1.xml:331(para) newgrp.1.xml:65(para) login.1.xml:221(para) expiry.1.xml:43(para) chage.1.xml:190(para) 
msgid "Secure user account information."
msgstr ""

#: vipw.8.xml:114(title) usermod.8.xml:276(title) userdel.8.xml:190(title) useradd.8.xml:471(title) suauth.5.xml:168(title) su.1.xml:198(title) sg.1.xml:73(title) shadow.5.xml:123(title) shadow.3.xml:184(title) pwconv.8.xml:121(title) pwck.8.xml:169(title) porttime.5.xml:88(title) passwd.5.xml:105(title) passwd.1.xml:389(title) nologin.8.xml:35(title) newusers.8.xml:112(title) newgrp.1.xml:84(title) login.defs.5.xml:256(title) login.access.5.xml:78(title) login.1.xml:252(title) limits.5.xml:117(title) gshadow.5.xml:79(title) grpck.8.xml:111(title) groups.1.xml:58(title) groupmod.8.xml:138(title) groupmems.8.xml:121(title) groupdel.8.xml:94(title) groupadd.8.xml:199(title) gpasswd.1.xml:111(title) faillog.8.xml:144(title) faillog.5.xml:46(title) expiry.1.xml:50(title) chsh.1.xml:80(title) chpasswd.8.xml:85(title) chgpasswd.8.xml:84(title) chfn.1.xml:77(title) chage.1.xml:230(title) 
msgid "SEE ALSO"
msgstr ""

#: vipw.8.xml:115(para) 
msgid "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>vi</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>group</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>gshadow</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry><citerefentry><refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>."
msgstr ""

#: usermod.8.xml:5(refentrytitle) usermod.8.xml:10(refname) usermod.8.xml:16(command) login.defs.5.xml:229(term) 
msgid "usermod"
msgstr ""

#: usermod.8.xml:11(refpurpose) 
msgid "modify a user account"
msgstr ""

#: usermod.8.xml:20(replaceable) userdel.8.xml:18(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:19(replaceable) 
msgid "LOGIN"
msgstr ""

#: usermod.8.xml:26(para) 
msgid "The <command>usermod</command> command modifies the system account files to reflect the changes that are specified on the command line."
msgstr ""

#: usermod.8.xml:34(para) 
msgid "The options which apply to the <command>usermod</command> command are:"
msgstr ""

#: usermod.8.xml:40(term) 
msgid "<option>-a</option>, <option>--append</option><replaceable>GROUP</replaceable>"
msgstr ""

#: usermod.8.xml:45(para) 
msgid "Add the user to the supplemental group."
msgstr ""

#: usermod.8.xml:51(term) useradd.8.xml:52(term) 
msgid "<option>-c</option>, <option>--comment</option><replaceable>COMMENT</replaceable>"
msgstr ""

#: usermod.8.xml:56(para) 
msgid "The new value of the user's password file comment field. It is normally modified using the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>chfn</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry> utility."
msgstr ""

#: usermod.8.xml:65(term) useradd.8.xml:80(term) 
msgid "<option>-d</option>, <option>--home</option><replaceable>HOME_DIR</replaceable>"
msgstr ""

#: usermod.8.xml:70(para) 
msgid "The user's new login directory. If the <option>-m</option> option is given the contents of the current home directory will be moved to the new home directory, which is created if it does not already exist."
msgstr ""

#: usermod.8.xml:79(term) useradd.8.xml:97(term) 
msgid "<option>-e</option>, <option>--expiredate</option><replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable>"
msgstr ""

#: usermod.8.xml:84(para) useradd.8.xml:102(para) 
msgid "The date on which the user account will be disabled. The date is specified in the format <emphasis remap=\"I\">YYYY-MM-DD</emphasis>."
msgstr ""

#: usermod.8.xml:91(term) useradd.8.xml:109(term) 
msgid "<option>-f</option>, <option>--inactive</option><replaceable>INACTIVE</replaceable>"
msgstr ""

#: usermod.8.xml:96(para) useradd.8.xml:114(para) 
msgid "The number of days after a password expires until the account is permanently disabled. A value of 0 disables the account as soon as the password has expired, and a value of -1 disables the feature. The default value is -1."
msgstr ""

#: usermod.8.xml:105(term) useradd.8.xml:123(term) useradd.8.xml:299(term) 
msgid "<option>-g</option>, <option>--gid</option><replaceable>GROUP</replaceable>"
msgstr ""

#: usermod.8.xml:110(para) 
msgid "The group name or number of the user's new initial login group. The group name must exist. A group number must refer to an already existing group. The default group number is 1."
msgstr ""

#: usermod.8.xml:118(term) useradd.8.xml:137(term) 
msgid "<option>-G</option>, <option>--groups</option><replaceable>GROUP1</replaceable>[<emphasis remap=\"I\">,GROUP2,...</emphasis>[<emphasis remap=\"I\">,GROUPN</emphasis>]]]"
msgstr ""

#: usermod.8.xml:123(para) 
msgid "A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member of. Each group is separated from the next by a comma, with no intervening whitespace. The groups are subject to the same restrictions as the group given with the <option>-g</option> option. If the user is currently a member of a group which is not listed, the user will be removed from the group. This behaviour can be changed via <option>-a</option> option, which appends user to the current supplementary group list."
msgstr ""

#: usermod.8.xml:136(term) 
msgid "<option>-l</option>, <option>--login</option><replaceable>NEW_LOGIN</replaceable>"
msgstr ""

#: usermod.8.xml:141(para) 
msgid "The name of the user will be changed from <emphasis remap=\"I\">LOGIN</emphasis> to <emphasis remap=\"I\">NEW_LOGIN</emphasis>. Nothing else is changed. In particular, the user's home directory name should probably be changed to reflect the new login name."
msgstr ""

#: usermod.8.xml:151(term) 
msgid "<option>-L</option>, <option>--lock</option>"
msgstr ""

#: usermod.8.xml:155(para) 
msgid "Lock a user's password. This puts a '!' in front of the encrypted password, effectively disabling the password. You can't use this option with <option>-p</option> or <option>-U</option>."
msgstr ""

#: usermod.8.xml:164(term) useradd.8.xml:206(term) 
msgid "<option>-o</option>, <option>--non-unique</option>"
msgstr ""

#: usermod.8.xml:168(para) 
msgid "When used with the <option>-u</option> option, this option allows to change the user ID to a non-unique value."
msgstr ""

#: usermod.8.xml:175(term) useradd.8.xml:214(term) 
msgid "<option>-p</option>, <option>--password</option><replaceable>PASSWORD</replaceable>"
msgstr ""

#: usermod.8.xml:180(para) 
msgid "The encrypted password, as returned by <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>."
msgstr ""

#: usermod.8.xml:188(term) useradd.8.xml:227(term) useradd.8.xml:312(term) su.1.xml:112(term) 
msgid "<option>-s</option>, <option>--shell</option><replaceable>SHELL</replaceable>"
msgstr ""

#: usermod.8.xml:193(para) 
msgid "The name of the user's new login shell. Setting this field to blank causes the system to select the default login shell."
msgstr ""

#: usermod.8.xml:200(term) useradd.8.xml:240(term) 
msgid "<option>-u</option>, <option>--uid</option><replaceable>UID</replaceable>"
msgstr ""

#: usermod.8.xml:205(para) 
msgid "The numerical value of the user's ID. This value must be unique, unless the <option>-o</option> option is used. The value must be non-negative. Values between 0 and 999 are typically reserved for system accounts. Any files which the user owns and which are located in the directory tree rooted at the user's home directory will have the file user ID changed automatically. Files outside of the user's home directory must be altered manually."
msgstr ""

#: usermod.8.xml:218(term) 
msgid "<option>-U</option>, <option>--unlock</option>"
msgstr ""

#: usermod.8.xml:222(para) 
msgid "Unlock a user's password. This removes the '!' in front of the encrypted password. You can't use this option with <option>-p</option> or <option>-L</option>."
msgstr ""

#: usermod.8.xml:233(title) userdel.8.xml:169(title) useradd.8.xml:340(title) su.1.xml:172(title) shadow.3.xml:164(title) passwd.1.xml:309(title) newusers.8.xml:92(title) login.1.xml:164(title) lastlog.8.xml:125(title) groupdel.8.xml:36(title) groupadd.8.xml:136(title) faillog.8.xml:121(title) chpasswd.8.xml:77(title) chgpasswd.8.xml:76(title) 
msgid "CAVEATS"
msgstr ""

#: usermod.8.xml:234(para) 
msgid "<command>usermod</command> will not allow you to change the name of a user who is logged in. You must make certain that the named user is not executing any processes when this command is being executed if the user's numerical user ID is being changed. You must change the owner of any crontab files manually. You must change the owner of any at jobs manually. You must make any changes involving NIS on the NIS server."
msgstr ""

#: usermod.8.xml:255(filename) userdel.8.xml:97(filename) useradd.8.xml:393(filename) pwconv.8.xml:112(filename) newusers.8.xml:103(filename) login.access.5.xml:69(filename) groupadd.8.xml:127(filename) chsh.1.xml:71(filename) chfn.1.xml:62(filename) 
msgid "/etc/login.defs"
msgstr ""

#: usermod.8.xml:257(para) userdel.8.xml:99(para) useradd.8.xml:395(para) pwconv.8.xml:114(para) newusers.8.xml:105(para) login.access.5.xml:71(para) groupadd.8.xml:129(para) chsh.1.xml:73(para) chfn.1.xml:64(para) 
msgid "Shadow password suite configuration."
msgstr ""

#: usermod.8.xml:277(para) 
msgid "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>chfn</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>chsh</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>gpasswd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>groupadd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>groupdel</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>groupmod</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>login.defs</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>useradd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>userdel</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>."
msgstr ""

#: userdel.8.xml:5(refentrytitle) userdel.8.xml:10(refname) userdel.8.xml:15(command) login.defs.5.xml:221(term) 
msgid "userdel"
msgstr ""

#: userdel.8.xml:11(refpurpose) 
msgid "delete a user account and related files"
msgstr ""

#: userdel.8.xml:25(para) 
msgid "The <command>userdel</command> command modifies the system account files, deleting all entries that refer to <emphasis remap=\"I\">login_name</emphasis>. The named user must exist."
msgstr ""

#: userdel.8.xml:34(para) 
msgid "The options which apply to the <command>userdel</command> command are:"
msgstr ""

#: userdel.8.xml:39(term) 
msgid "<option>-f</option>, <option>--force</option>"
msgstr ""

#: userdel.8.xml:43(para) 
msgid "This option forces the removal of the user, even if she is still logged in. It also forces <command>userdel</command> to remove the user's home directory or her mail spool, even if another user uses the same home directory or if the mail spool is not owned by the specified user. If <emphasis>USERGROUPS_ENAB</emphasis> is defined to <emphasis remap=\"I\">yes</emphasis> in <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename> and if a group exists with the same name as the deleted user, then this group will be removed, even if it is still the primary group of another user."
msgstr ""

#: userdel.8.xml:55(para) 
msgid "<emphasis>Note:</emphasis> This option is dangerous and may leave your system in an inconsistent state."
msgstr ""

#: userdel.8.xml:68(term) 
msgid "<option>-r</option>, <option>--remove</option>"
msgstr ""

#: userdel.8.xml:72(para) 
msgid "Files in the user's home directory will be removed along with the home directory itself and the user's mail spool. Files located in other file systems will have to be searched for and deleted manually."
msgstr ""

#: userdel.8.xml:78(para) 
msgid "The mail spool is defined by the <emphasis>MAIL_DIR</emphasis> variable in the <filename>login.defs</filename> file."
msgstr ""

#: userdel.8.xml:118(title) useradd.8.xml:402(title) pwck.8.xml:186(title) passwd.1.xml:338(title) grpck.8.xml:129(title) groupmod.8.xml:87(title) groupdel.8.xml:61(title) groupadd.8.xml:154(title) chage.1.xml:197(title) 
msgid "EXIT VALUES"
msgstr ""

#: userdel.8.xml:123(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:407(replaceable) pwck.8.xml:191(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:343(replaceable) grpck.8.xml:134(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:92(replaceable) groupdel.8.xml:66(replaceable) groupadd.8.xml:159(replaceable) chage.1.xml:202(replaceable) 
msgid "0"
msgstr ""

#: userdel.8.xml:125(para) useradd.8.xml:409(para) pwck.8.xml:193(para) passwd.1.xml:345(para) grpck.8.xml:136(para) groupmod.8.xml:94(para) groupdel.8.xml:68(para) groupadd.8.xml:161(para) chage.1.xml:204(para) 
msgid "success"
msgstr ""

#: userdel.8.xml:129(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:413(replaceable) su.1.xml:6(manvolnum) sg.1.xml:6(manvolnum) pwck.8.xml:197(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:6(manvolnum) passwd.1.xml:349(replaceable) newgrp.1.xml:6(manvolnum) login.1.xml:6(manvolnum) grpck.8.xml:140(replaceable) groups.1.xml:6(manvolnum) gpasswd.1.xml:6(manvolnum) expiry.1.xml:6(manvolnum) chsh.1.xml:6(manvolnum) chfn.1.xml:6(manvolnum) chage.1.xml:6(manvolnum) chage.1.xml:208(replaceable) 
msgid "1"
msgstr ""

#: userdel.8.xml:131(para) useradd.8.xml:415(para) 
msgid "can't update password file"
msgstr ""

#: userdel.8.xml:135(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:419(replaceable) pwck.8.xml:203(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:355(replaceable) grpck.8.xml:146(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:98(replaceable) groupdel.8.xml:72(replaceable) groupadd.8.xml:165(replaceable) chage.1.xml:214(replaceable) 
msgid "2"
msgstr ""

#: userdel.8.xml:137(para) useradd.8.xml:421(para) pwck.8.xml:199(para) grpck.8.xml:142(para) groupmod.8.xml:100(para) groupdel.8.xml:74(para) groupadd.8.xml:167(para) chage.1.xml:216(para) 
msgid "invalid command syntax"
msgstr ""

#: userdel.8.xml:141(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:437(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:379(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:116(replaceable) 
msgid "6"
msgstr ""

#: userdel.8.xml:143(para) 
msgid "specified user doesn't exist"
msgstr ""

#: userdel.8.xml:149(para) 
msgid "user currently logged in"
msgstr ""

#: userdel.8.xml:153(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:449(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:128(replaceable) groupdel.8.xml:84(replaceable) groupadd.8.xml:189(replaceable) 
msgid "10"
msgstr ""

#: userdel.8.xml:155(para) useradd.8.xml:451(para) groupmod.8.xml:130(para) groupdel.8.xml:86(para) groupadd.8.xml:191(para) 
msgid "can't update group file"
msgstr ""

#: userdel.8.xml:159(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:455(replaceable) 
msgid "12"
msgstr ""

#: userdel.8.xml:161(para) 
msgid "can't remove home directory"
msgstr ""

#: userdel.8.xml:119(para) 
msgid "The <command>userdel</command> command exits with the following values: <placeholder-1/>"
msgstr ""

#: userdel.8.xml:170(para) 
msgid "<command>userdel</command> will not allow you to remove an account if the user is currently logged in. You must kill any running processes which belong to an account that you are deleting."
msgstr ""

#: userdel.8.xml:175(para) 
msgid "You may not remove any NIS attributes on a NIS client. This must be performed on the NIS server."
msgstr ""

#: userdel.8.xml:178(para) 
msgid "If <emphasis>USERGROUPS_ENAB</emphasis> is defined to <emphasis remap=\"I\">yes</emphasis> in <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename>, <command>userdel</command> will delete the group with the same name as the user. To avoid inconsistencies in the passwd and group databases, <command>userdel</command> will check that this group is not used as a primary group for another user, and will just warn without deleting the user otherwise. The <option>-f</option> option can force the deletion of this group."
msgstr ""

#: userdel.8.xml:191(para) 
msgid "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>chfn</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>chsh</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>login.defs</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>gpasswd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>groupadd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>groupdel</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>groupmod</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>useradd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>usermod</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>."
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:5(refentrytitle) useradd.8.xml:10(refname) useradd.8.xml:15(command) useradd.8.xml:22(command) useradd.8.xml:26(command) login.defs.5.xml:210(term) 
msgid "useradd"
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:11(refpurpose) 
msgid "create a new user or update default new user information"
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:23(arg) useradd.8.xml:27(arg) groupmems.8.xml:20(arg) groupmems.8.xml:61(option) 
msgid "-D"
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:36(para) 
msgid "When invoked without the <option>-D</option> option, the <command>useradd</command> command creates a new user account using the values specified on the command line and the default values from the system. Depending on command line options, the useradd command will update system files and may also create the new user's home directory and copy initial files."
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:48(para) 
msgid "The options which apply to the <command>useradd</command> command are:"
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:57(para) 
msgid "Any text string. It is generally a short description of the login, and is currently used as the field for the user's full name."
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:65(term) 
msgid "<option>-b</option>, <option>--base-dir</option><replaceable>BASE_DIR</replaceable>"
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:70(para) 
msgid "The default base directory for the system if <option>-d</option> dir is not specified. <replaceable>BASE_DIR</replaceable> is concatenated with the account name to define the home directory. If the <option>-m</option> option is not used, <replaceable>BASE_DIR</replaceable> must exist."
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:85(para) 
msgid "The new user will be created using <replaceable>HOME_DIR</replaceable> as the value for the user's login directory. The default is to append the <replaceable>LOGIN</replaceable> name to <replaceable>BASE_DIR</replaceable> and use that as the login directory name. The directory <replaceable>HOME_DIR</replaceable> does not have to exist but will not be created if it is missing."
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:128(para) 
msgid "The group name or number of the user's initial login group. The group name must exist. A group number must refer to an already existing group. The default group number is 1 or whatever is specified in <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename>."
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:142(para) 
msgid "A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member of. Each group is separated from the next by a comma, with no intervening whitespace. The groups are subject to the same restrictions as the group given with the <option>-g</option> option. The default is for the user to belong only to the initial group."
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:159(term) 
msgid "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>"
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:163(para) 
msgid "The user's home directory will be created if it does not exist. The files contained in <replaceable>SKEL_DIR</replaceable> will be copied to the home directory if the <option>-k</option> option is used, otherwise the files contained in <filename>/etc/skel</filename> will be used instead. Any directories contained in <replaceable>SKEL_DIR</replaceable> or <filename>/etc/skel</filename> will be created in the user's home directory as well. The <option>-k</option> option is only valid in conjunction with the <option>-m</option> option. The default is to not create the directory and to not copy any files."
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:179(term) 
msgid "<option>-K</option>, <option>--key</option><replaceable>KEY</replaceable>=<replaceable>VALUE</replaceable>"
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:184(para) 
msgid "Overrides /etc/login.defs defaults (UID_MIN, UID_MAX, UMASK, PASS_MAX_DAYS and others). <placeholder-1/> Example: <option>-K </option><replaceable>PASS_MAX_DAYS</replaceable>=<replaceable>-1</replaceable> can be used when creating system account to turn off password ageing, even though system account has no password at all. Multiple <option>-K</option> options can be specified, e.g.: <option>-K </option><replaceable>UID_MIN</replaceable>=<replaceable>100</replaceable><option> -K </option><replaceable>UID_MAX</replaceable>=<replaceable>499</replaceable>"
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:198(para) 
msgid "Note: <option>-K </option><replaceable>UID_MIN</replaceable>=<replaceable>10</replaceable>,<replaceable>UID_MAX</replaceable>=<replaceable>499</replaceable> doesn't work yet."
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:210(para) 
msgid "Allow the creation of a user account with a duplicate (non-unique) UID."
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:219(para) 
msgid "The encrypted password, as returned by <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>. The default is to disable the account."
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:232(para) 
msgid "The name of the user's login shell. The default is to leave this field blank, which causes the system to select the default login shell."
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:245(para) 
msgid "The numerical value of the user's ID. This value must be unique, unless the <option>-o</option> option is used. The value must be non-negative. The default is to use the smallest ID value greater than 999 and greater than every other user. Values between 0 and 999 are typically reserved for system accounts."
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:257(title) 
msgid "Changing the default values"
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:258(para) 
msgid "When invoked with the <option>-D</option> option, <command>useradd</command> will either display the current default values, or update the default values from the command line. The valid options are"
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:267(option) 
msgid "-b"
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:267(replaceable) 
msgid "HOME_DIR"
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:270(para) 
msgid "The initial path prefix for a new user's home directory. The user's name will be affixed to the end of <replaceable>HOME_DIR</replaceable> to create the new directory name if the <option>-d</option> option is not used when creating a new account."
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:281(option) 
msgid "-e"
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:281(replaceable) 
msgid "EXPIRE_DATE"
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:284(para) 
msgid "The date on which the user account is disabled."
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:289(option) login.1.xml:123(option) groupadd.8.xml:21(arg) groupadd.8.xml:47(option) expiry.1.xml:18(arg) 
msgid "-f"
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:289(replaceable) 
msgid "INACTIVE"
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:292(para) 
msgid "The number of days after a password has expired before the account will be disabled."
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:304(para) 
msgid "The group name or ID for a new user's initial group. The named group must exist, and a numerical group ID must have an existing entry."
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:317(para) 
msgid "The name of the new user's login shell. The named program will be used for all future new user accounts."
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:325(para) 
msgid "If no options are specified, <command>useradd</command> displays the current default values."
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:333(title) 
msgid "NOTES"
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:334(para) 
msgid "The system administrator is responsible for placing the default user files in the <filename>/etc/skel/</filename> directory."
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:341(para) 
msgid "You may not add a user to a NIS group. This must be performed on the NIS server."
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:346(para) 
msgid "Similarly, if the username already exists in an external user database such as NIS, <command>useradd</command> will deny the user account creation request."
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:352(para) 
msgid "Usernames must begin with a lower case letter or an underscore, and only lower case letters, underscores, dashes, and dollar signs may follow. In regular expression terms: [a-z_][a-z0-9_-]*[$]"
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:381(filename) 
msgid "/etc/default/useradd"
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:383(para) 
msgid "Default values for account creation."
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:387(filename) 
msgid "/etc/skel/"
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:389(para) 
msgid "Directory containing default files."
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:425(replaceable) shadow.3.xml:6(manvolnum) pwck.8.xml:209(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:361(replaceable) grpck.8.xml:152(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:104(replaceable) groupadd.8.xml:171(replaceable) 
msgid "3"
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:427(para) passwd.1.xml:381(para) groupmod.8.xml:106(para) groupadd.8.xml:173(para) 
msgid "invalid argument to option"
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:431(replaceable) pwck.8.xml:215(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:367(replaceable) grpck.8.xml:158(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:110(replaceable) groupadd.8.xml:177(replaceable) 
msgid "4"
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:433(para) 
msgid "UID already in use (and no <option>-o</option>)"
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:439(para) groupmod.8.xml:112(para) groupmod.8.xml:118(para) 
msgid "specified group doesn't exist"
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:443(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:122(replaceable) groupadd.8.xml:183(replaceable) 
msgid "9"
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:445(para) 
msgid "username already in use"
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:457(para) 
msgid "can't create home directory"
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:461(replaceable) 
msgid "13"
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:463(para) 
msgid "can't create mail spool"
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:403(para) 
msgid "The <command>useradd</command> command exits with the following values: <placeholder-1/>"
msgstr ""

#: useradd.8.xml:472(para) 
msgid "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>chfn</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>chsh</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>groupadd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>groupdel</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>groupmod</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>login.defs</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>userdel</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>usermod</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>."
msgstr ""

#: suauth.5.xml:5(refentrytitle) suauth.5.xml:10(refname) 
msgid "suauth"
msgstr ""

#: suauth.5.xml:6(manvolnum) shadow.5.xml:6(manvolnum) pwck.8.xml:221(replaceable) porttime.5.xml:6(manvolnum) passwd.5.xml:6(manvolnum) passwd.1.xml:373(replaceable) login.defs.5.xml:6(manvolnum) login.access.5.xml:6(manvolnum) limits.5.xml:6(manvolnum) gshadow.5.xml:6(manvolnum) grpck.8.xml:164(replaceable) faillog.5.xml:6(manvolnum) 
msgid "5"
msgstr ""

#: suauth.5.xml:7(refmiscinfo) shadow.5.xml:7(refmiscinfo) porttime.5.xml:7(refmiscinfo) passwd.5.xml:7(refmiscinfo) login.defs.5.xml:7(refmiscinfo) login.access.5.xml:7(refmiscinfo) limits.5.xml:7(refmiscinfo) gshadow.5.xml:7(refmiscinfo) 
msgid "File Formats and Conversions"
msgstr ""

#: suauth.5.xml:11(refpurpose) 
msgid "detailed su control file"
msgstr ""

#: suauth.5.xml:16(command) suauth.5.xml:142(filename) 
msgid "/etc/suauth"
msgstr ""

#: suauth.5.xml:22(para) 
msgid "The file <filename>/etc/suauth</filename> is referenced whenever the su command is called. It can change the behaviour of the su command, based upon:"
msgstr ""

#. .RS
#: suauth.5.xml:29(literallayout) 
#, no-wrap
msgid "\n      1) the user su is targetting\n    "
msgstr ""

#. .fi
#: suauth.5.xml:33(para) 
msgid "2) the user executing the su command (or any groups he might be a member of)"
msgstr ""

#: suauth.5.xml:38(para) 
msgid "The file is formatted like this, with lines starting with a # being treated as comment lines and ignored;"
msgstr ""

#: suauth.5.xml:43(literallayout) 
#, no-wrap
msgid "\n      to-id:from-id:ACTION\n    "
msgstr ""

#: suauth.5.xml:47(para) 
msgid "Where to-id is either the word <emphasis>ALL</emphasis>, a list of usernames delimited by \",\" or the words <emphasis>ALL EXCEPT</emphasis> followed by a list of usernames delimited by \",\""
msgstr ""

#: suauth.5.xml:53(para) 
msgid "from-id is formatted the same as to-id except the extra word <emphasis>GROUP</emphasis> is recognised. <emphasis>ALL EXCEPT GROUP</emphasis> is perfectly valid too. Following <emphasis>GROUP</emphasis> appears one or more group names, delimited by \",\". It is not sufficient to have primary group id of the relevant group, an entry in <citerefentry><refentrytitle>/etc/group</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> is neccessary."
msgstr ""

#: suauth.5.xml:64(para) 
msgid "Action can be one only of the following currently supported options."
msgstr ""

#: suauth.5.xml:70(emphasis) 
msgid "DENY"
msgstr ""

#: suauth.5.xml:73(para) 
msgid "The attempt to su is stopped before a password is even asked for."
msgstr ""

#: suauth.5.xml:80(emphasis) 
msgid "NOPASS"
msgstr ""

#: suauth.5.xml:83(para) 
msgid "The attempt to su is automatically successful; no password is asked for."
msgstr ""

#: suauth.5.xml:91(emphasis) 
msgid "OWNPASS"
msgstr ""

#: suauth.5.xml:94(para) 
msgid "For the su command to be successful, the user must enter his or her own password. They are told this."
msgstr ""

#: suauth.5.xml:102(para) 
msgid "Note there are three separate fields delimited by a colon. No whitespace must surround this colon. Also note that the file is examined sequentially line by line, and the first applicable rule is used without examining the file further. This makes it possible for a system administrator to exercise as fine control as he or she wishes."
msgstr ""

#: suauth.5.xml:112(title) 
msgid "EXAMPLE"
msgstr ""

#: suauth.5.xml:113(literallayout) 
#, no-wrap
msgid "\n      # sample /etc/suauth file\n      #\n      # A couple of privileged usernames may\n      # su to root with their own password.\n      #\n      root:chris,birddog:OWNPASS\n      #\n      # Anyone else may not su to root unless in\n      # group wheel. This is how BSD does things.\n      #\n      root:ALL EXCEPT GROUP wheel:DENY\n      #\n      # Perhaps terry and birddog are accounts\n      # owned by the same person.\n      # Access can be arranged between them\n      # with no password.\n      #\n      terry:birddog:NOPASS\n      birddog:terry:NOPASS\n      #\n    "
msgstr ""

#: suauth.5.xml:149(title) pwconv.8.xml:98(title) login.defs.5.xml:239(title) 
msgid "BUGS"
msgstr ""

#: suauth.5.xml:150(para) 
msgid "There could be plenty lurking. The file parser is particularly unforgiving about syntax errors, expecting no spurious whitespace (apart from beginning and end of lines), and a specific token delimiting different things."
msgstr ""

#: suauth.5.xml:159(title) shadow.3.xml:154(title) 
msgid "DIAGNOSTICS"
msgstr ""

#: suauth.5.xml:160(para) 
msgid "An error parsing the file is reported using <citerefentry><refentrytitle>syslogd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry> as level ERR on facility AUTH."
msgstr ""

#: suauth.5.xml:169(para) 
msgid "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>su</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>."
msgstr ""

#: su.1.xml:5(refentrytitle) su.1.xml:10(refname) su.1.xml:15(command) 
msgid "su"
msgstr ""

#: su.1.xml:7(refmiscinfo) sg.1.xml:7(refmiscinfo) passwd.1.xml:7(refmiscinfo) newgrp.1.xml:7(refmiscinfo) login.1.xml:7(refmiscinfo) groups.1.xml:7(refmiscinfo) gpasswd.1.xml:7(refmiscinfo) expiry.1.xml:7(refmiscinfo) chsh.1.xml:7(refmiscinfo) chfn.1.xml:7(refmiscinfo) chage.1.xml:7(refmiscinfo) 
msgid "User Commands"
msgstr ""

#: su.1.xml:11(refpurpose) 
msgid "change user ID or become super-user"
msgstr ""

#: su.1.xml:19(arg) sg.1.xml:17(arg) newgrp.1.xml:16(arg) 
msgid "-"
msgstr ""

#: su.1.xml:22(replaceable) login.1.xml:19(replaceable) login.1.xml:26(replaceable) 
msgid "username"
msgstr ""

#: su.1.xml:25(replaceable) 
msgid "args"
msgstr ""

#: su.1.xml:33(para) 
msgid "<command>su</command> is used to become another user during a login session. Invoked without a <option>username</option>, <command>su</command> defaults to becoming the super user. The optional argument <option>-</option> may be used to provide an environment similar to what the user would expect had the user logged in directly."
msgstr ""

#: su.1.xml:42(para) 
msgid "Additional arguments may be provided after the username, in which case they are supplied to the user's login shell. In particular, an argument of <option>-c</option> will cause the next argument to be treated as a command by most command interpreters. The command will be executed by the shell specified in <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> for the target user."
msgstr ""

#: su.1.xml:51(para) 
msgid "You can use the <option>--</option> argument to separate <command>su</command> options from the arguments supplied to the shell."
msgstr ""

#: su.1.xml:56(para) 
msgid "The user will be prompted for a password, if appropriate. Invalid passwords will produce an error message. All attempts, both valid and invalid, are logged to detect abuse of the system."
msgstr ""

#: su.1.xml:61(para) 
msgid "The current environment is passed to the new shell. The value of <envar>$PATH</envar> is reset to <filename>/bin:/usr/bin</filename> for normal users, or <filename>/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin</filename> for the super user. This may be changed with the <emphasis>ENV_PATH</emphasis> and <emphasis>ENV_SUPATH</emphasis> definitions in <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename>."
msgstr ""

#: su.1.xml:70(para) login.1.xml:97(para) 
msgid "A subsystem login is indicated by the presence of a \"*\" as the first character of the login shell. The given home directory will be used as the root of a new file system which the user is actually logged into."
msgstr ""

#: su.1.xml:79(para) 
msgid "The options which apply to the <command>su</command> command are:"
msgstr ""

#: su.1.xml:83(term) 
msgid "<option>-c</option>, <option>--command</option><replaceable>SHELL</replaceable>"
msgstr ""

#: su.1.xml:88(para) 
msgid "Specify a command that will be invoked by the shell using its <option>-c</option>."
msgstr ""

#: su.1.xml:95(term) 
msgid "<option>-</option>, <option>-l</option>, <option>--login</option>"
msgstr ""

#: su.1.xml:99(para) 
msgid "Provide an environment similar to what the user would expect had the user logged in directly."
msgstr ""

#: su.1.xml:103(para) 
msgid "When <option>-</option> is used, it must be specified as the last <command>su</command> option. The other forms (<option>-l</option> and <option>--login</option>) do not have this restriction."
msgstr ""

#: su.1.xml:117(para) 
msgid "The shell that will be invoked."
msgstr ""

#: su.1.xml:122(para) 
msgid "The shell specified with --shell"
msgstr ""

#: su.1.xml:125(para) 
msgid "If <option>--preserve-environment</option> is used, the shell specified by the <envar>$SHELL</envar> environment variable."
msgstr ""

#: su.1.xml:132(para) 
msgid "The shell indicated in the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> entry for the target user."
msgstr ""

#: su.1.xml:138(para) 
msgid "<filename>/bin/sh</filename> if a shell could not be found by any above method."
msgstr ""

#: su.1.xml:118(para) 
msgid "The invoked shell is choosen among (higest priority first): <placeholder-1/>"
msgstr ""

#: su.1.xml:145(para) 
msgid "If the target user has a restricted shell (i.e. the shell field of this user's entry in <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> is not specified in <filename>/etc/shell</filename>), then the <option>--shell</option> option or the <envar>$SHELL</envar> environment variable won't be taken into account unless <command>su</command> is called by the root."
msgstr ""

#: su.1.xml:156(term) 
msgid "<option>-m</option>, <option>-p</option>, <option>--preserve-environment</option>"
msgstr ""

#: su.1.xml:161(para) 
msgid "Preserve the current environment."
msgstr ""

#: su.1.xml:162(para) 
msgid "If the target user has a restricted shell, this option has no effect (unless <command>su</command> is called by root)."
msgstr ""

#: su.1.xml:173(para) 
msgid "This version of <command>su</command> has many compilation options, only some of which may be in use at any particular site."
msgstr ""

#: su.1.xml:199(para) 
msgid "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>login</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>login.defs</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sh</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>"
msgstr ""

#: sg.1.xml:5(refentrytitle) sg.1.xml:10(refname) sg.1.xml:16(command) 
msgid "sg"
msgstr ""

#: sg.1.xml:11(refpurpose) 
msgid "execute command as different group ID"
msgstr ""

#: sg.1.xml:19(arg) expiry.1.xml:17(arg) 
msgid "-c"
msgstr ""

#: sg.1.xml:18(arg) 
msgid "group <placeholder-1/> command"
msgstr ""

#: sg.1.xml:27(para) 
msgid "The <command>sg</command> command works similar to <command>newgrp</command> but accepts a command. The command will be executed with the <filename>/bin/sh</filename> shell. With most shells you may run <command>sg</command> from, you need to enclose multi-word commands in quotes. Another difference between <command>newgrp</command> and <command>sg</command> is that some shells treat <command>newgrp</command> specially, replacing themselves with a new instance of a shell that <command>newgrp</command> creates. This doesn't happen with <command>sg</command>, so upon exit from a <command>sg</command> command you are returned to your previous group ID."
msgstr ""

#: sg.1.xml:74(para) 
msgid "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>id</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>login</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>newgrp</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>su</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>gpasswd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>group</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>gshadow</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>"
msgstr ""

#: shadow.5.xml:5(refentrytitle) shadow.5.xml:10(refname) shadow.3.xml:5(refentrytitle) shadow.3.xml:10(refname) pwck.8.xml:24(replaceable) pwck.8.xml:37(replaceable) grpck.8.xml:19(replaceable) 
msgid "shadow"
msgstr ""

#: shadow.5.xml:11(refpurpose) 
msgid "encrypted password file"
msgstr ""

#: shadow.5.xml:16(para) 
msgid "<emphasis remap=\"I\">shadow</emphasis> contains the encrypted password information for user's accounts and optional the password aging information. Included is:"
msgstr ""

#: shadow.5.xml:23(para) passwd.5.xml:24(para) 
msgid "login name"
msgstr ""

#: shadow.5.xml:26(para) gshadow.5.xml:26(para) 
msgid "encrypted password"
msgstr ""

#: shadow.5.xml:29(para) 
msgid "days since Jan 1, 1970 that password was last changed"
msgstr ""

#: shadow.5.xml:32(para) 
msgid "days before password may be changed"
msgstr ""

#: shadow.5.xml:35(para) 
msgid "days after which password must be changed"
msgstr ""

#: shadow.5.xml:38(para) 
msgid "days before password is to expire that user is warned"
msgstr ""

#: shadow.5.xml:41(para) 
msgid "days after password expires that account is disabled"
msgstr ""

#: shadow.5.xml:44(para) 
msgid "days since Jan 1, 1970 that account is disabled"
msgstr ""

#: shadow.5.xml:47(para) 
msgid "a reserved field"
msgstr ""

#: shadow.5.xml:51(para) 
msgid "The password field must be filled. The encrypted password consists of 13 to 24 characters from the 64 characters alphabet a thru z, A thru Z, 0 thru 9, \\. and /. Optionally it can start with a \"$\" character. This means the encrypted password was generated using another (not DES) algorithm. For example if it starts with \"$1$\" it means the MD5-based algorithm was used."
msgstr ""

#: shadow.5.xml:60(para) 
msgid "Refer to <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry> for details on how this string is interpreted."
msgstr ""

#: shadow.5.xml:68(para) 
msgid "If the password field contains some string that is not valid result of <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>, for instance ! or *, the user will not be able to use a unix password to log in, subject to <citerefentry><refentrytitle>pam</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>."
msgstr ""

#: shadow.5.xml:77(para) 
msgid "The date of the last password change is given as the number of days since Jan 1, 1970. The password may not be changed again until the proper number of days have passed, and must be changed after the maximum number of days. If the minimum number of days required is greater than the maximum number of day allowed, this password may not be changed by the user."
msgstr ""

#: shadow.5.xml:86(para) 
msgid "An account is considered to be inactive and is disabled if the password is not changed within the specified number of days after the password expires. An account will also be disabled on the specified day regardless of other password expiration information."
msgstr ""

#: shadow.5.xml:93(para) 
msgid "This information supersedes any password or password age information present in <filename>/etc/passwd</filename>."
msgstr ""

#: shadow.5.xml:98(para) gshadow.5.xml:54(para) 
msgid "This file must not be readable by regular users if password security is to be maintained."
msgstr ""

#: shadow.5.xml:124(para) 
msgid "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>chage</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>login</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>su</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>pwconv</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>pwunconv</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sulogin</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>."
msgstr ""

#: shadow.3.xml:7(refmiscinfo) 
msgid "Library Calls"
msgstr ""

#: shadow.3.xml:11(refname) 
msgid "getspnam"
msgstr ""

#: shadow.3.xml:12(refpurpose) 
msgid "encrypted password file routines"
msgstr ""

#: shadow.3.xml:16(title) 
msgid "SYNTAX"
msgstr ""

#: shadow.3.xml:18(emphasis) 
msgid "#include &lt;shadow.h&gt;"
msgstr ""

#: shadow.3.xml:22(emphasis) 
msgid "struct spwd *getspent();"
msgstr ""

#: shadow.3.xml:26(emphasis) 
msgid "struct spwd *getspnam(char"
msgstr ""

#: shadow.3.xml:27(emphasis) 
msgid "*name"
msgstr ""

#: shadow.3.xml:27(emphasis) shadow.3.xml:40(emphasis) shadow.3.xml:45(emphasis) shadow.3.xml:51(emphasis) 
msgid ");"
msgstr ""

#: shadow.3.xml:31(emphasis) 
msgid "void setspent();"
msgstr ""

#: shadow.3.xml:35(emphasis) 
msgid "void endspent();"
msgstr ""

#: shadow.3.xml:39(emphasis) 
msgid "struct spwd *fgetspent(FILE"
msgstr ""

#: shadow.3.xml:40(emphasis) shadow.3.xml:51(emphasis) 
msgid "*fp"
msgstr ""

#: shadow.3.xml:44(emphasis) 
msgid "struct spwd *sgetspent(char"
msgstr ""

#: shadow.3.xml:45(emphasis) 
msgid "*cp"
msgstr ""

#: shadow.3.xml:49(emphasis) 
msgid "int putspent(struct spwd"
msgstr ""

#: shadow.3.xml:50(emphasis) 
msgid "*p,"
msgstr ""

#: shadow.3.xml:50(emphasis) 
msgid "FILE"
msgstr ""

#: shadow.3.xml:55(emphasis) 
msgid "int lckpwdf();"
msgstr ""

#: shadow.3.xml:59(emphasis) 
msgid "int ulckpwdf();"
msgstr ""

#: shadow.3.xml:65(para) 
msgid "<emphasis remap=\"I\">shadow</emphasis> manipulates the contents of the shadow password file, <filename>/etc/shadow</filename>. The structure in the <emphasis remap=\"I\">#include</emphasis> file is:"
msgstr ""

#: shadow.3.xml:70(programlisting) 
#, no-wrap
msgid "struct spwd {\n      char\t\t*sp_namp; /* user login name */\n      char\t\t*sp_pwdp; /* encrypted password */\n      long int\t\tsp_lstchg; /* last password change */\n      long int\t\tsp_min; /* days until change allowed. */\n      long int\t\tsp_max; /* days before change required */\n      long int\t\tsp_warn; /* days warning for expiration */\n      long int\t\tsp_inact; /* days before account inactive */\n      long int\t\tsp_expire; /* date when account expires */\n      unsigned long int\tsp_flag; /* reserved for future use */\n}\n    "
msgstr ""

#: shadow.3.xml:82(para) 
msgid "The meanings of each field are:"
msgstr ""

#: shadow.3.xml:85(para) 
msgid "sp_namp - pointer to null-terminated user name"
msgstr ""

#: shadow.3.xml:88(para) 
msgid "sp_pwdp - pointer to null-terminated password"
msgstr ""

#: shadow.3.xml:91(para) 
msgid "sp_lstchg - days since Jan 1, 1970 password was last changed"
msgstr ""

#: shadow.3.xml:94(para) 
msgid "sp_min - days before which password may not be changed"
msgstr ""

#: shadow.3.xml:97(para) 
msgid "sp_max - days after which password must be changed"
msgstr ""

#: shadow.3.xml:100(para) 
msgid "sp_warn - days before password is to expire that user is warned of pending password expiration"
msgstr ""

#: shadow.3.xml:105(para) 
msgid "sp_inact - days after password expires that account is considered inactive and disabled"
msgstr ""

#: shadow.3.xml:110(para) 
msgid "sp_expire - days since Jan 1, 1970 when account will be disabled"
msgstr ""

#: shadow.3.xml:113(para) 
msgid "sp_flag - reserved for future use"
msgstr ""

#: shadow.3.xml:121(para) 
msgid "<emphasis>getspent</emphasis>, <emphasis>getspname</emphasis>, <emphasis>fgetspent</emphasis>, and <emphasis>sgetspent</emphasis> each return a pointer to a <emphasis>struct spwd</emphasis>. <emphasis>getspent</emphasis> returns the next entry from the file, and <emphasis>fgetspent</emphasis> returns the next entry from the given stream, which is assumed to be a file of the proper format. <emphasis>sgetspent</emphasis> returns a pointer to a <emphasis>struct spwd</emphasis> using the provided string as input. <emphasis>getspnam</emphasis> searches from the current position in the file for an entry matching <emphasis>name</emphasis>."
msgstr ""

#: shadow.3.xml:134(para) 
msgid "<emphasis>setspent</emphasis> and <emphasis>endspent</emphasis> may be used to begin and end, respectively, access to the shadow password file."
msgstr ""

#: shadow.3.xml:140(para) 
msgid "The <emphasis>lckpwdf</emphasis> and <emphasis>ulckpwdf</emphasis> routines should be used to insure exclusive access to the <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> file. <emphasis>lckpwdf</emphasis> attempts to acquire a lock using <emphasis>pw_lock</emphasis> for up to 15 seconds. It continues by attempting to acquire a second lock using <emphasis>spw_lock</emphasis> for the remainder of the initial 15 seconds. Should either attempt fail after a total of 15 seconds, <emphasis>lckpwdf</emphasis> returns -1. When both locks are acquired 0 is returned."
msgstr ""

#: shadow.3.xml:155(para) 
msgid "Routines return NULL if no more entries are available or if an error occurs during processing. Routines which have <emphasis>int</emphasis> as the return value return 0 for success and -1 for failure."
msgstr ""

#: shadow.3.xml:165(para) 
msgid "These routines may only be used by the super user as access to the shadow password file is restricted."
msgstr ""

#: shadow.3.xml:185(para) 
msgid "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>getpwent</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>."
msgstr ""

#: pwconv.8.xml:5(refentrytitle) pwconv.8.xml:10(refname) pwconv.8.xml:19(command) login.defs.5.xml:204(term) 
msgid "pwconv"
msgstr ""

#: pwconv.8.xml:11(refname) pwconv.8.xml:22(command) 
msgid "pwunconv"
msgstr ""

#: pwconv.8.xml:12(refname) pwconv.8.xml:25(command) 
msgid "grpconv"
msgstr ""

#: pwconv.8.xml:13(refname) pwconv.8.xml:28(command) 
msgid "grpunconv"
msgstr ""

#: pwconv.8.xml:14(refpurpose) 
msgid "convert to and from shadow passwords and groups"
msgstr ""

#: pwconv.8.xml:34(para) 
msgid "<command>pwconv</command> creates <emphasis remap=\"I\">shadow</emphasis> from <emphasis remap=\"I\">passwd</emphasis> and an optionally existing <emphasis remap=\"I\">shadow</emphasis>."
msgstr ""

#: pwconv.8.xml:40(para) 
msgid "<command>pwunconv</command> creates <emphasis remap=\"I\">passwd</emphasis> from <emphasis remap=\"I\">passwd</emphasis> and <emphasis remap=\"I\">shadow</emphasis> and then removes <emphasis remap=\"I\">shadow</emphasis>."
msgstr ""

#: pwconv.8.xml:47(para) 
msgid "<command>grpconv</command> creates <emphasis remap=\"I\">gshadow</emphasis> from <emphasis remap=\"I\">group</emphasis> and an optionally existing <emphasis remap=\"I\">gshadow</emphasis>."
msgstr ""

#: pwconv.8.xml:53(para) 
msgid "<command>grpunconv</command> creates <emphasis remap=\"I\">group</emphasis> from <emphasis remap=\"I\">group</emphasis> and <emphasis remap=\"I\">gshadow</emphasis> and then removes <emphasis remap=\"I\">gshadow</emphasis>."
msgstr ""

#: pwconv.8.xml:60(para) 
msgid "These four programs all operate on the normal and shadow password and group files: <filename>/etc/passwd</filename>, <filename>/etc/group</filename>, <filename>/etc/shadow</filename>, and <filename>/etc/gshadow</filename>."
msgstr ""

#: pwconv.8.xml:67(para) 
msgid "Each program acquires the necessary locks before conversion. <command>pwconv</command> and <command>grpconv</command> are similar. First, entries in the shadowed file which don't exist in the main file are removed. Then, shadowed entries which don't have `x' as the password in the main file are updated. Any missing shadowed entries are added. Finally, passwords in the main file are replaced with `x'. These programs can be used for initial conversion as well to update the shadowed file if the main file is edited by hand."
msgstr ""

#: pwconv.8.xml:78(para) 
msgid "<command>pwconv</command> will use the values of <emphasis remap=\"I\">PASS_MIN_DAYS</emphasis>, <emphasis remap=\"I\">PASS_MAX_DAYS</emphasis>, and <emphasis remap=\"I\">PASS_WARN_AGE</emphasis> from <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename> when adding new entries to <filename>/etc/shadow</filename>."
msgstr ""

#: pwconv.8.xml:87(para) 
msgid "Likewise <command>pwunconv</command> and <command>grpunconv</command> are similar. Passwords in the main file are updated from the shadowed file. Entries which exist in the main file but not in the shadowed file are left alone. Finally, the shadowed file is removed. Some password aging information is lost by <command>pwunconv</command>. It will convert what it can."
msgstr ""

#: pwconv.8.xml:99(para) 
msgid "Errors in the password or group files (such as invalid or duplicate entries) may cause these programs to loop forever or fail in other strange ways. Please run <command>pwck</command> and <command>grpck</command> to correct any such errors before converting to or from shadow passwords or groups."
msgstr ""

#: pwconv.8.xml:122(para) 
msgid "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>grpck</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>login.defs</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>pwck</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>."
msgstr ""

#: pwck.8.xml:5(refentrytitle) pwck.8.xml:10(refname) pwck.8.xml:16(command) pwck.8.xml:29(command) 
msgid "pwck"
msgstr ""

#: pwck.8.xml:11(refpurpose) 
msgid "verify integrity of password files"
msgstr ""

#: pwck.8.xml:17(arg) pwck.8.xml:30(arg) pwck.8.xml:103(option) 
msgid "-q"
msgstr ""

#: pwck.8.xml:18(arg) pwck.8.xml:124(option) 
msgid "-s"
msgstr ""

#: pwck.8.xml:21(replaceable) pwck.8.xml:34(replaceable) passwd.5.xml:5(refentrytitle) passwd.5.xml:10(refname) passwd.1.xml:5(refentrytitle) passwd.1.xml:10(refname) passwd.1.xml:16(command) 
msgid "passwd"
msgstr ""

#: pwck.8.xml:31(arg) pwck.8.xml:114(option) login.1.xml:148(option) grpck.8.xml:16(arg) 
msgid "-r"
msgstr ""

#: pwck.8.xml:45(para) 
msgid "<command>pwck</command> verifies the integrity of the system authentication information. All entries in the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> are checked to see that the entry has the proper format and valid data in each field. The user is prompted to delete entries that are improperly formatted or which have other uncorrectable errors."
msgstr ""

#: pwck.8.xml:54(para) grpck.8.xml:35(para) 
msgid "Checks are made to verify that each entry has:"
msgstr ""

#: pwck.8.xml:57(para) grpck.8.xml:39(para) 
msgid "the correct number of fields"
msgstr ""

#: pwck.8.xml:60(para) 
msgid "a unique user name"
msgstr ""

#: pwck.8.xml:63(para) 
msgid "a valid user and group identifier"
msgstr ""

#: pwck.8.xml:66(para) 
msgid "a valid primary group"
msgstr ""

#: pwck.8.xml:69(para) 
msgid "a valid home directory"
msgstr ""

#: pwck.8.xml:72(para) 
msgid "a valid login shell"
msgstr ""

#: pwck.8.xml:76(para) 
msgid "The checks for correct number of fields and unique user name are fatal. If the entry has the wrong number of fields, the user will be prompted to delete the entire line. If the user does not answer affirmatively, all further checks are bypassed. An entry with a duplicated user name is prompted for deletion, but the remaining checks will still be made. All other errors are warning and the user is encouraged to run the <command>usermod</command> command to correct the error."
msgstr ""

#: pwck.8.xml:87(para) 
msgid "The commands which operate on the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file are not able to alter corrupted or duplicated entries. <command>pwck</command> should be used in those circumstances to remove the offending entry."
msgstr ""

#: pwck.8.xml:97(para) 
msgid "The options which apply to the <command>pwck</command> command are:"
msgstr ""

#: pwck.8.xml:106(para) 
msgid "Report errors only. The warnings which do not require any action from the user won't be displayed."
msgstr ""

#: pwck.8.xml:117(para) 
msgid "Execute the <command>pwck</command> command in read-only mode."
msgstr ""

#: pwck.8.xml:127(para) 
msgid "Sort entries in <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> by UID."
msgstr ""

#: pwck.8.xml:135(para) 
msgid "By default, <command>pwck</command> operates on the files <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/shadow</filename>. The user may select alternate files with the <emphasis remap=\"I\">passwd</emphasis> and <emphasis remap=\"I\">shadow</emphasis> parameters."
msgstr ""

#: pwck.8.xml:170(para) 
msgid "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>group</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>usermod</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>."
msgstr ""

#: pwck.8.xml:205(para) 
msgid "one or more bad password entries"
msgstr ""

#: pwck.8.xml:211(para) 
msgid "can't open password files"
msgstr ""

#: pwck.8.xml:217(para) 
msgid "can't lock password files"
msgstr ""

#: pwck.8.xml:223(para) 
msgid "can't update password files"
msgstr ""

#: pwck.8.xml:187(para) 
msgid "The <command>pwck</command> command exits with the following values: <placeholder-1/>"
msgstr ""

#: porttime.5.xml:5(refentrytitle) porttime.5.xml:10(refname) 
msgid "porttime"
msgstr ""

#: porttime.5.xml:11(refpurpose) 
msgid "port access time file"
msgstr ""

#: porttime.5.xml:16(para) 
msgid "<emphasis remap=\"I\">porttime</emphasis> contains a list of tty devices, user names, and permitted login times."
msgstr ""

#: porttime.5.xml:21(para) 
msgid "Each entry consists of three colon separated fields. The first field is a comma separated list of tty devices, or an asterisk to indicate that all tty devices are matched by this entry. The second field is a comma separated list of user names, or an asterisk to indicated that all user names are matched by this entry. The third field is a comma separated list of permitted access times."
msgstr ""

#: porttime.5.xml:30(para) 
msgid "Each access time entry consists of zero or more days of the week, abbreviated <emphasis>Su</emphasis>, <emphasis>Mo</emphasis>, <emphasis>Tu</emphasis>, <emphasis>We</emphasis>, <emphasis>Th</emphasis>, <emphasis>Fr</emphasis>, and <emphasis>Sa</emphasis>, followed by a pair of times separated by a hyphen. The abbreviation <emphasis>Wk</emphasis> may be used to represent Monday thru Friday, and <emphasis>Al</emphasis> may be used to indicate every day. If no days are given, <emphasis>Al</emphasis> is assumed."
msgstr ""

#: porttime.5.xml:44(title) 
msgid "EXAMPLES"
msgstr ""

#: porttime.5.xml:45(para) 
msgid "The following entry allows access to user <emphasis remap=\"B\">jfh</emphasis> on every port during weekdays from 9am to 5pm."
msgstr ""

#: porttime.5.xml:51(para) 
msgid "*:jfh:Wk0900-1700"
msgstr ""

#: porttime.5.xml:53(para) 
msgid "The following entries allow access only to the users <emphasis>root</emphasis> and <emphasis>oper</emphasis> on <filename>/dev/console</filename> at any time. This illustrates how the <filename>/etc/porttime</filename> file is an ordered list of access times. Any other user would match the second entry which does not permit access at any time."
msgstr ""

#: porttime.5.xml:62(programlisting) 
#, no-wrap
msgid "\n      console:root,oper:Al0000-2400\n      console:*:\n    "
msgstr ""

#: porttime.5.xml:67(para) 
msgid "The following entry allows access for the user <emphasis>games</emphasis> on any port during non-working hours."
msgstr ""

#: porttime.5.xml:72(para) 
msgid "*:games:Wk1700-0900,SaSu0000-2400"
msgstr ""

#: porttime.5.xml:79(filename) logoutd.8.xml:38(filename) 
msgid "/etc/porttime"
msgstr ""

#: porttime.5.xml:81(para) logoutd.8.xml:40(para) 
msgid "File containing port access."
msgstr ""

#: porttime.5.xml:89(para) login.access.5.xml:79(para) 
msgid "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>login</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>."
msgstr ""

#: passwd.5.xml:11(refpurpose) 
msgid "the password file"
msgstr ""

#: passwd.5.xml:16(para) 
msgid "<filename>/etc/passwd</filename> contains one line for each user account, with seven fields delimited by colons (<quote>:</quote>). These fields are:"
msgstr ""

#: passwd.5.xml:27(para) 
msgid "optional encrypted password"
msgstr ""

#: passwd.5.xml:30(para) 
msgid "numerical user ID"
msgstr ""

#: passwd.5.xml:33(para) 
msgid "numerical group ID"
msgstr ""

#: passwd.5.xml:36(para) 
msgid "user name or comment field"
msgstr ""

#: passwd.5.xml:39(para) 
msgid "user home directory"
msgstr ""

#: passwd.5.xml:42(para) 
msgid "optional user command interpreter"
msgstr ""

#: passwd.5.xml:46(para) 
msgid "The encrypted password field may be blank, in which case no password is required to authenticate as the specified login name. However, some applications which read the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file may decide not to permit <emphasis>any</emphasis> access at all if the <emphasis>password</emphasis> field is blank. If the <emphasis>password</emphasis> field is a lower-case <quote>x</quote>, then the encrypted password is actually stored in the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> file instead; there <emphasis>must</emphasis> be a corresponding line in the <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> file, or else the user account is invalid. If the <emphasis>password</emphasis> field is any other string, then it will be treated as an encrypted password, as specified by <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>."
msgstr ""

#: passwd.5.xml:65(para) 
msgid "The comment field is used by various system utilities, such as <citerefentry><refentrytitle>finger</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>."
msgstr ""

#: passwd.5.xml:71(para) 
msgid "The home directory field provides the name of the initial working directory. The <command>login</command> program uses this information to set the value of the <envar>$HOME</envar> environmental variable."
msgstr ""

#: passwd.5.xml:77(para) 
msgid "The command interpreter field provides the name of the user's command language interpreter, or the name of the initial program to execute. The <command>login</command> program uses this information to set the value of the <envar>$SHELL</envar> environmental variable. If this field is empty, it defaults to the value <filename>/bin/sh</filename>."
msgstr ""

#: passwd.5.xml:98(para) 
msgid "optional encrypted password file"
msgstr ""

#: passwd.5.xml:106(para) 
msgid "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>getent</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>login</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>su</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>getpwnam</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>pwconv</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>pwunconv</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sulogin</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>."
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:11(refpurpose) 
msgid "change user password"
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:20(replaceable) login.1.xml:5(refentrytitle) login.1.xml:10(refname) login.1.xml:16(command) login.1.xml:23(command) login.1.xml:29(command) 
msgid "login"
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:26(para) 
msgid "<command>passwd</command> changes passwords for user accounts. A normal user may only change the password for his/her own account, while the super user may change the password for any account. <command>passwd</command> also changes account information, such as the full name of the user, the user's login shell, or his/her password expiry date and interval."
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:36(title) 
msgid "Password Changes"
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:37(para) 
msgid "The user is first prompted for his/her old password, if one is present. This password is then encrypted and compared against the stored password. The user has only one chance to enter the correct password. The super user is permitted to bypass this step so that forgotten passwords may be changed."
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:45(para) 
msgid "After the password has been entered, password aging information is checked to see if the user is permitted to change the password at this time. If not, <command>passwd</command> refuses to change the password and exits."
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:52(para) 
msgid "The user is then prompted twice for a replacement password. The second entry is compared against the first and both are required to match in order for the password to be changed."
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:58(para) 
msgid "Then, the password is tested for complexity. As a general guideline, passwords should consist of 6 to 8 characters including one or more characters from each of the following sets:"
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:66(para) 
msgid "lower case alphabetics"
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:69(para) 
msgid "digits 0 thru 9"
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:72(para) 
msgid "punctuation marks"
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:76(para) 
msgid "Care must be taken not to include the system default erase or kill characters. <command>passwd</command> will reject any password which is not suitably complex."
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:85(title) 
msgid "Hints for user passwords"
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:86(para) 
msgid "The security of a password depends upon the strength of the encryption algorithm and the size of the key space. The <emphasis>UNIX</emphasis> System encryption method is based on the NBS DES algorithm and is very secure. The size of the key space depends upon the randomness of the password which is selected."
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:94(para) 
msgid "Compromises in password security normally result from careless password selection or handling. For this reason, you should not select a password which appears in a dictionary or which must be written down. The password should also not be a proper name, your license number, birth date, or street address. Any of these may be used as guesses to violate system security."
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:103(para) 
msgid "Your password must be easily remembered so that you will not be forced to write it on a piece of paper. This can be accomplished by appending two small words together and separating each with a special character or digit. For example, Pass%word."
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:110(para) 
msgid "Other methods of construction involve selecting an easily remembered phrase from literature and selecting the first or last letter from each word. An example of this is:"
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:118(para) 
msgid "Ask not for whom the bell tolls"
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:121(para) 
msgid "which produces"
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:124(para) 
msgid "An4wtbt"
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:128(para) 
msgid "You may be reasonably sure few crackers will have included this in their dictionaries. You should, however, select your own methods for constructing passwords and not rely exclusively on the methods given here."
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:139(para) 
msgid "The options which apply to the <command>passwd</command> command are:"
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:144(term) faillog.8.xml:42(term) 
msgid "<option>-a</option>, <option>--all</option>"
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:148(para) 
msgid "This option can be used only with <option>-S</option> and causes show status for all users."
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:155(term) 
msgid "<option>-d</option>, <option>--delete</option>"
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:159(para) 
msgid "Delete a user's password (make it empty). This is a quick way to disable a password for an account. It will set the named account passwordless."
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:167(term) 
msgid "<option>-e</option>, <option>--expire</option>"
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:171(para) 
msgid "Immediately expire an account's password. This in effect can force a user to change his/her password at the user's next login."
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:184(term) 
msgid "<option>-i</option>, <option>--inactive</option><replaceable>INACTIVE</replaceable>"
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:188(para) 
msgid "This option is used to disable an account after the password has been expired for a number of days. After a user account has had an expired password for <replaceable>INACTIVE</replaceable> days, the user may no longer sign on to the account."
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:197(term) 
msgid "<option>-k</option>, <option>--keep-tokens</option>"
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:201(para) 
msgid "Indicate change password should be performed only for expired authentication tokens (passwords). The user wishes to keep their non-expired tokens as before."
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:209(term) 
msgid "<option>-l</option>, <option>--lock</option>"
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:213(para) 
msgid "Lock the named account. This option disables an account by changing the password to a value which matches no possible encrypted value."
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:220(term) chage.1.xml:107(term) 
msgid "<option>-m</option>, <option>--mindays</option><replaceable>MIN_DAYS</replaceable>"
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:224(para) chage.1.xml:111(para) 
msgid "Set the minimum number of days between password changes to <replaceable>MIN_DAYS</replaceable>. A value of zero for this field indicates that the user may change his/her password at any time."
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:242(term) 
msgid "<option>-r</option>, <option>--repository</option><replaceable>REPOSITORY</replaceable>"
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:246(para) 
msgid "change password in <replaceable>REPOSITORY</replaceable> repository"
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:252(term) 
msgid "<option>-S</option>, <option>--status</option>"
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:256(para) 
msgid "Display account status information. The status information consists of 7 fields. The first field is the user's login name. The second field indicates if the user account is locked (L), has no password (NP), or has a usable password (P). The third field gives the date of the last password change. The next four fields are the minimum age, maximum age, warning period, and inactivity period for the password. These ages are expressed in days."
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:269(term) 
msgid "<option>-u</option>, <option>--unlock</option>"
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:273(para) 
msgid "Unlock the named account. This option re-enables an account by changing the password back to its previous value (to value before using <option>-l</option> option)."
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:281(term) 
msgid "<option>-w</option>, <option>--warndays</option><replaceable>WARN_DAYS</replaceable>"
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:285(para) 
msgid "Set the number of days of warning before a password change is required. The <replaceable>WARN_DAYS</replaceable> option is the number of days prior to the password expiring that a user will be warned that his/her password is about to expire."
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:294(term) 
msgid "<option>-x</option>, <option>--maxdays</option><replaceable>MAX_DAYS</replaceable>"
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:298(para) 
msgid "Set the maximum number of days a password remains valid. After <replaceable>MAX_DAYS</replaceable>, the password is required to be changed."
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:310(para) 
msgid "Not all options may be supported. Password complexity checking may vary from site to site. The user is urged to select a password as complex as he or she feels comfortable with. Users may not be able to change their password on a system if NIS is enabled and they are not logged into the NIS server."
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:351(para) chage.1.xml:210(para) 
msgid "permission denied"
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:357(para) 
msgid "invalid combination of options"
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:363(para) 
msgid "unexpected failure, nothing done"
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:369(para) 
msgid "unexpected failure, <filename>passwd</filename> file missing"
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:375(para) 
msgid "<filename>passwd</filename> file busy, try again"
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:339(para) 
msgid "The <command>passwd</command> command exits with the following values: <placeholder-1/>"
msgstr ""

#: passwd.1.xml:390(para) 
msgid "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>group</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>."
msgstr ""

#: nologin.8.xml:5(refentrytitle) nologin.8.xml:10(refname) nologin.8.xml:16(command) 
msgid "nologin"
msgstr ""

#: nologin.8.xml:11(refpurpose) 
msgid "politely refuse a login"
msgstr ""

#: nologin.8.xml:22(para) 
msgid "<command>nologin</command> displays a message that an account is not available and exits non-zero. It is intended as a replacement shell field for accounts that have been disabled."
msgstr ""

#: nologin.8.xml:27(para) 
msgid "To disable all logins, investigate <citerefentry><refentrytitle>nologin</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>."
msgstr ""

#: nologin.8.xml:36(para) 
msgid "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>login</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>nologin</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>."
msgstr ""

#: nologin.8.xml:47(title) 
msgid "HYSTORY"
msgstr ""

#: nologin.8.xml:48(para) 
msgid "The <command>nologin</command> command appeared in BSD 4.4."
msgstr ""

#: newusers.8.xml:5(refentrytitle) newusers.8.xml:10(refname) newusers.8.xml:16(command) login.defs.5.xml:196(term) 
msgid "newusers"
msgstr ""

#: newusers.8.xml:11(refpurpose) 
msgid "update and create new users in batch"
msgstr ""

#: newusers.8.xml:18(replaceable) 
msgid "new_users"
msgstr ""

#: newusers.8.xml:25(para) 
msgid "<command>newusers</command> reads a file of user name and clear-text password pairs and uses this information to update a group of existing users or to create new users. Each line is in the same format as the standard password file (see <citerefentry><refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>) with the following exceptions:"
msgstr ""

#: newusers.8.xml:37(emphasis) 
msgid "pw_passwd"
msgstr ""

#: newusers.8.xml:40(para) 
msgid "This field will be encrypted and used as the new value of the encrypted password."
msgstr ""

#: newusers.8.xml:48(emphasis) 
msgid "pw_age"
msgstr ""

#: newusers.8.xml:51(para) 
msgid "This field will be ignored for shadow passwords if the user already exists."
msgstr ""

#: newusers.8.xml:59(emphasis) 
msgid "pw_gid"
msgstr ""

#: newusers.8.xml:62(para) 
msgid "This field may be the name of an existing group, in which case the named user will be added as a member. If a non-existent numerical group is given, a new group will be created having this number."
msgstr ""

#: newusers.8.xml:72(emphasis) 
msgid "pw_dir"
msgstr ""

#: newusers.8.xml:75(para) 
msgid "This field will be checked for existence as a directory and a new directory with the same name will be created if it does not already exist. The ownership of the directory will be set to be that of the user being created or updated."
msgstr ""

#: newusers.8.xml:85(para) 
msgid "This command is intended to be used in a large system environment where many accounts are updated at a single time."
msgstr ""

#: newusers.8.xml:93(para) 
msgid "The input file must be protected since it contains unencrypted passwords."
msgstr ""

#: newusers.8.xml:113(para) 
msgid "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>login.defs</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>useradd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>."
msgstr ""

#: newgrp.1.xml:5(refentrytitle) newgrp.1.xml:10(refname) newgrp.1.xml:16(command) 
msgid "newgrp"
msgstr ""

#: newgrp.1.xml:11(refpurpose) 
msgid "log in to a new group"
msgstr ""

#: newgrp.1.xml:17(replaceable) grpck.8.xml:18(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:22(replaceable) groupdel.8.xml:18(replaceable) groupadd.8.xml:24(replaceable) gpasswd.1.xml:18(replaceable) gpasswd.1.xml:24(replaceable) gpasswd.1.xml:29(replaceable) gpasswd.1.xml:33(replaceable) gpasswd.1.xml:37(replaceable) gpasswd.1.xml:43(replaceable) 
msgid "group"
msgstr ""

#: newgrp.1.xml:23(para) 
msgid "<command>newgrp</command> is used to change the current group ID during a login session. If the optional <option>-</option> flag is given, the user's environment will be reinitialized as though the user had logged in, otherwise the current environment, including current working directory, remains unchanged."
msgstr ""

#: newgrp.1.xml:31(para) 
msgid "<command>newgrp</command> changes the current real group ID to the named group, or to the default group listed in <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> if no group name is given. <command>newgrp</command> also tries to add the group to the user groupset. If not root, the user will be prompted for a password if she does not have a password (in <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> if this user has an entry in the shadowed password file, or in <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> otherwise) and the group does, or if the user is not listed as a member and the group has a password. The user will be denied access if the group password is empty and the user is not listed as a member."
msgstr ""

#: newgrp.1.xml:45(para) 
msgid "If there is an entry for this group in <filename>/etc/gshadow</filename>, then the list of members and the password of this group will be taken from this file, otherwise, the entry in <filename>/etc/group</filename> is considered."
msgstr ""

#: newgrp.1.xml:85(para) 
msgid "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>id</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>login</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>su</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>gpasswd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>group</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>gshadow</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>."
msgstr ""

#: logoutd.8.xml:5(refentrytitle) logoutd.8.xml:10(refname) logoutd.8.xml:16(command) 
msgid "logoutd"
msgstr ""

#: logoutd.8.xml:11(refpurpose) 
msgid "Enforce login time restrictions"
msgstr ""

#: logoutd.8.xml:22(para) 
msgid "<command>logoutd</command> enforces the login time and port restrictions specified in <filename>/etc/porttime</filename>. <command>logoutd</command> should be started from <filename>/etc/rc</filename>. The <filename>/var/run/utmp</filename> file is scanned periodically and each user name is checked to see if the named user is permitted on the named port at the current time. Any login session which is violating the restrictions in <filename>/etc/porttime</filename> is terminated."
msgstr ""

#: logoutd.8.xml:44(filename) login.1.xml:201(filename) 
msgid "/var/run/utmp"
msgstr ""

#: logoutd.8.xml:46(para) login.1.xml:203(para) 
msgid "List of current login sessions."
msgstr ""

#: login.defs.5.xml:5(refentrytitle) login.defs.5.xml:10(refname) 
msgid "login.defs"
msgstr ""

#: login.defs.5.xml:11(refpurpose) 
msgid "shadow password suite configuration"
msgstr ""

#: login.defs.5.xml:16(para) 
msgid "The <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename> file defines the site-specific configuration for the shadow password suite. This file is required. Absence of this file will not prevent system operation, but will probably result in undesirable operation."
msgstr ""

#: login.defs.5.xml:23(para) 
msgid "This file is a readable text file, each line of the file describing one configuration parameter. The lines consist of a configuration name and value, separated by whitespace. Blank lines and comment lines are ignored. Comments are introduced with a \"#\" pound sign and the pound sign must be the first non-white character of the line."
msgstr ""

#: login.defs.5.xml:31(para) 
msgid "Parameter values may be of four types: strings, booleans, numbers, and long numbers. A string is comprised of any printable characters. A boolean should be either the value \"yes\" or \"no\". An undefined boolean parameter or one with a value other than these will be given a \"no\" value. Numbers (both regular and long) may be either decimal values, octal values (precede the value with \"0\") or hexadecimal values (precede the value with \"0x\"). The maximum value of the regular and long numeric parameters is machine-dependent."
msgstr ""

#: login.defs.5.xml:42(para) 
msgid "The following configuration items are provided:"
msgstr ""

#: login.defs.5.xml:46(term) 
msgid "CHFN_AUTH (boolean)"
msgstr ""

#: login.defs.5.xml:48(para) 
msgid "If <emphasis remap=\"I\">yes</emphasis>, the <command>chfn</command> and <command>chsh</command> programs will require authentication before making any changes, unless run by the superuser."
msgstr ""

#: login.defs.5.xml:57(term) 
msgid "CHFN_RESTRICT (string)"
msgstr ""

#: login.defs.5.xml:59(para) 
msgid "This parameter specifies which values in the <emphasis remap=\"I\">gecos</emphasis> field of the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file may be changed by regular users using the <command>chfn</command> program. It can be any combination of letters <emphasis remap=\"I\">f</emphasis> ,<emphasis remap=\"I\">r</emphasis>, <emphasis remap=\"I\">w</emphasis>, <emphasis remap=\"I\">h</emphasis>, for Full name, Room number, Work phone, and Home phone, respectively. For backward compatibility, \"yes\" is equivalent to \"rwh\" and \"no\" is equivalent to \"frwh\". If not specified, only the superuser can make any changes. The most restrictive setting is better achieved by not installing <filename>chfn</filename> SUID."
msgstr ""

#: login.defs.5.xml:76(term) 
msgid "GID_MAX (number)"
msgstr ""

#: login.defs.5.xml:77(term) 
msgid "GID_MIN (number)"
msgstr ""

#: login.defs.5.xml:79(para) 
msgid "Range of group IDs to choose from for the <command>useradd</command> and <command>groupadd</command> programs."
msgstr ""

#: login.defs.5.xml:87(term) 
msgid "MAIL_DIR (string)"
msgstr ""

#: login.defs.5.xml:89(para) 
msgid "The mail spool directory. This is needed to manipulate the mailbox when its corresponding user account is modified or deleted. If not specified, a compile-time default is used."
msgstr ""

#: login.defs.5.xml:97(term) 
msgid "PASS_MAX_DAYS (number)"
msgstr ""

#: login.defs.5.xml:99(para) 
msgid "The maximum number of days a password may be used. If the password is older than this, a password change will be forced. If not specified, -1 will be assumed (which disables the restriction)."
msgstr ""

#: login.defs.5.xml:108(term) 
msgid "PASS_MIN_DAYS (number)"
msgstr ""

#: login.defs.5.xml:110(para) 
msgid "The minimum number of days allowed between password changes. Any password changes attempted sooner than this will be rejected. If not specified, -1 will be assumed (which disables the restriction)."
msgstr ""

#: login.defs.5.xml:119(term) 
msgid "PASS_WARN_AGE (number)"
msgstr ""

#: login.defs.5.xml:121(para) 
msgid "The number of days warning given before a password expires. A zero means warning is given only upon the day of expiration, a negative value means no warning is given. If not specified, no warning will be provided."
msgstr ""

#: login.defs.5.xml:131(para) 
msgid "PASS_MAX_DAYS, PASS_MIN_DAYS and PASS_WARN_AGE are only used at the time of account creation. Any changes to these settings won't affect existing accounts."
msgstr ""

#: login.defs.5.xml:138(term) 
msgid "UID_MAX (number)"
msgstr ""

#: login.defs.5.xml:139(term) 
msgid "UID_MIN (number)"
msgstr ""

#: login.defs.5.xml:141(para) 
msgid "Range of user IDs to choose from for the <command>useradd</command> program."
msgstr ""

#: login.defs.5.xml:148(term) 
msgid "UMASK (number)"
msgstr ""

#: login.defs.5.xml:150(para) 
msgid "The permission mask is initialized to this value. If not specified, the permission mask will be initialized to 022."
msgstr ""

#: login.defs.5.xml:157(term) 
msgid "USERDEL_CMD (string)"
msgstr ""

#: login.defs.5.xml:159(para) 
msgid "If defined, this command is run when removing a user. It should remove any at/cron/print jobs etc. owned by the user to be removed (passed as the first argument)."
msgstr ""

#: login.defs.5.xml:170(title) 
msgid "CROSS REFERENCE"
msgstr ""

#: login.defs.5.xml:171(para) 
msgid "The following cross reference shows which programs in the shadow password suite use which parameters."
msgstr ""

#: login.defs.5.xml:178(term) chfn.1.xml:5(refentrytitle) chfn.1.xml:10(refname) chfn.1.xml:16(command) 
msgid "chfn"
msgstr ""

#: login.defs.5.xml:180(para) 
msgid "CHFN_AUTH CHFN_RESTRICT"
msgstr ""

#: login.defs.5.xml:184(term) chsh.1.xml:5(refentrytitle) chsh.1.xml:10(refname) chsh.1.xml:16(command) 
msgid "chsh"
msgstr ""

#: login.defs.5.xml:186(para) 
msgid "CHFN_AUTH"
msgstr ""

#: login.defs.5.xml:190(term) groupadd.8.xml:5(refentrytitle) groupadd.8.xml:10(refname) groupadd.8.xml:16(command) 
msgid "groupadd"
msgstr ""

#: login.defs.5.xml:192(para) 
msgid "GID_MAX GID_MIN"
msgstr ""

#: login.defs.5.xml:198(para) 
msgid "PASS_MAX_DAYS PASS_MIN_DAYS PASS_WARN_AGE UMASK"
msgstr ""

#: login.defs.5.xml:206(para) 
msgid "PASS_MAX_DAYS PASS_MIN_DAYS PASS_WARN_AGE"
msgstr ""

#: login.defs.5.xml:212(para) 
msgid "GID_MAX GID_MIN PASS_MAX_DAYS PASS_MIN_DAYS PASS_WARN_AGE UID_MAX UID_MIN UMASK"
msgstr ""

#: login.defs.5.xml:223(para) 
msgid "MAIL_DIR USERDEL_CMD"
msgstr ""

#: login.defs.5.xml:231(para) 
msgid "MAIL_DIR"
msgstr ""

#: login.defs.5.xml:240(para) 
msgid "Much of the functionality that used to be provided by the shadow password suite is now handled by PAM. Thus, <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename> is no longer used by programs such as: <citerefentry><refentrytitle>login</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>su</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>. Please refer to the corresponding PAM configuration files instead."
msgstr ""

#: login.defs.5.xml:257(para) 
msgid "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>login</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>su</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>pam</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>."
msgstr ""

#: login.access.5.xml:5(refentrytitle) login.access.5.xml:10(refname) 
msgid "login.access"
msgstr ""

#: login.access.5.xml:11(refpurpose) 
msgid "login access control table"
msgstr ""

#: login.access.5.xml:16(para) 
msgid "The <emphasis remap=\"I\">login.access</emphasis> file specifies (user, host) combinations and/or (user, tty) combinations for which a login will be either accepted or refused."
msgstr ""

#: login.access.5.xml:22(para) 
msgid "When someone logs in, the <emphasis remap=\"I\">login.access</emphasis> is scanned for the first entry that matches the (user, host) combination, or, in case of non-networked logins, the first entry that matches the (user, tty) combination. The permissions field of that table entry determines whether the login will be accepted or refused."
msgstr ""

#: login.access.5.xml:30(para) 
msgid "Each line of the login access control table has three fields separated by a \":\" character:"
msgstr ""

#: login.access.5.xml:35(para) 
msgid "<emphasis remap=\"I\">permission</emphasis>:<emphasis remap=\"I\">users</emphasis>:<emphasis remap=\"I\">origins</emphasis>"
msgstr ""

#: login.access.5.xml:39(para) 
msgid "The first field should be a \"<emphasis>+</emphasis>\" (access granted) or \"<emphasis>-</emphasis>\" (access denied) character. The second field should be a list of one or more login names, group names, or <emphasis>ALL</emphasis> (always matches). The third field should be a list of one or more tty names (for non-networked logins), host names, domain names (begin with \"<literal>.</literal>\"), host addresses, internet network numbers (end with \"<literal>.</literal>\"), <emphasis>ALL</emphasis> (always matches) or <emphasis>LOCAL</emphasis> (matches any string that does not contain a \"<literal>.</literal>\" character). If you run NIS you can use @netgroupname in host or user patterns."
msgstr ""

#: login.access.5.xml:53(para) 
msgid "The <emphasis>EXCEPT</emphasis> operator makes it possible to write very compact rules."
msgstr ""

#: login.access.5.xml:58(para) 
msgid "The group file is searched only when a name does not match that of the logged-in user. Only groups are matched in which users are explicitly listed: the program does not look at a user's primary group id value."
msgstr ""

#: login.1.xml:11(refpurpose) 
msgid "begin session on the system"
msgstr ""

#: login.1.xml:17(arg) login.1.xml:24(arg) login.1.xml:30(arg) login.1.xml:140(option) 
msgid "-p"
msgstr ""

#: login.1.xml:20(replaceable) 
msgid "ENV=VAR"
msgstr ""

#: login.1.xml:25(replaceable) login.1.xml:31(replaceable) 
msgid "host"
msgstr ""

#: login.1.xml:25(arg) chfn.1.xml:20(arg) 
msgid "-h <placeholder-1/>"
msgstr ""

#: login.1.xml:26(arg) chfn.1.xml:17(arg) 
msgid "-f <placeholder-1/>"
msgstr ""

#: login.1.xml:31(arg) gpasswd.1.xml:37(arg) chfn.1.xml:18(arg) 
msgid "-r <placeholder-1/>"
msgstr ""

#: login.1.xml:37(para) 
msgid "<command>login</command> is used to establish a new session with the system. It is normally invoked automatically by responding to the <emphasis remap=\"I\">login:</emphasis> prompt on the user's terminal. <command>login</command> may be special to the shell and may not be invoked as a sub-process. Typically, <command>login</command> is treated by the shell as <emphasis remap=\"B\">exec login</emphasis> which causes the user to exit from the current shell. Attempting to execute <command>login</command> from any shell but the login shell will produce an error message."
msgstr ""

#: login.1.xml:49(para) 
msgid "The user is then prompted for a password, where appropriate. Echoing is disabled to prevent revealing the password. Only a small number of password failures are permitted before <command>login</command> exits and the communications link is severed."
msgstr ""

#: login.1.xml:56(para) 
msgid "If password aging has been enabled for your account, you may be prompted for a new password before proceeding. You will be forced to provide your old password and the new password before continuing. Please refer to <citerefentry><refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry> for more information."
msgstr ""

#: login.1.xml:65(para) 
msgid "After a successful login, you will be informed of any system messages and the presence of mail. You may turn off the printing of the system message file, <filename>/etc/motd</filename>, by creating a zero-length file <filename>.hushlogin</filename> in your login directory. The mail message will be one of \"<emphasis>You have new mail.</emphasis>\", \"<emphasis>You have mail.</emphasis>\", or \"<emphasis>No Mail.</emphasis>\" according to the condition of your mailbox."
msgstr ""

#: login.1.xml:76(para) 
msgid "Your user and group ID will be set according to their values in the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file. The value for <envar>$HOME</envar>, <envar>$SHELL</envar>, <envar>$PATH</envar>, <envar>$LOGNAME</envar>, and <envar>$MAIL</envar> are set according to the appropriate fields in the password entry. Ulimit, umask and nice values may also be set according to entries in the GECOS field."
msgstr ""

#: login.1.xml:85(para) 
msgid "On some installations, the environmental variable <envar>$TERM</envar> will be initialized to the terminal type on your tty line, as specified in <filename>/etc/ttytype</filename>."
msgstr ""

#: login.1.xml:91(para) 
msgid "An initialization script for your command interpreter may also be executed. Please see the appropriate manual section for more information on this function."
msgstr ""

#: login.1.xml:103(para) login.1.xml:174(para) 
msgid "The <command>login</command> program is NOT responsible for removing users from the utmp file. It is the responsibility of <citerefentry><refentrytitle>getty</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry> and <citerefentry><refentrytitle>init</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry> to clean up apparent ownership of a terminal session. If you use <command>login</command> from the shell prompt without <command>exec</command>, the user you use will continue to appear to be logged in even after you log out of the \"subsession\"."
msgstr ""

#: login.1.xml:126(para) 
msgid "Do not perform authentication, user is preauthenticated."
msgstr ""

#: login.1.xml:132(option) 
msgid "-h"
msgstr ""

#: login.1.xml:135(para) 
msgid "Name of the remote host for this login."
msgstr ""

#: login.1.xml:143(para) 
msgid "Preserve environment."
msgstr ""

#: login.1.xml:151(para) 
msgid "Perform autologin protocol for rlogin."
msgstr ""

#: login.1.xml:156(para) 
msgid "The <option>-r</option>, <option>-h</option> and <option>-f</option> options are only used when <command>login</command> is invoked by root."
msgstr ""

#: login.1.xml:165(para) 
msgid "This version of <command>login</command> has many compilation options, only some of which may be in use at any particular site."
msgstr ""

#: login.1.xml:170(para) 
msgid "The location of files is subject to differences in system configuration."
msgstr ""

#: login.1.xml:186(para) 
msgid "As any program, <command>login</command> appearance could be faked. If non-trusted users have a physical access to the machine, an attacker could use this to obtain the password of the next person sitting in front of the machine. Under Linux, the SAK mecanism can be used by users to initiate of a trusted path and prevent this kind of attack."
msgstr ""

#: login.1.xml:207(filename) 
msgid "/var/log/wtmp"
msgstr ""

#: login.1.xml:209(para) 
msgid "List of previous login sessions."
msgstr ""

#: login.1.xml:225(filename) 
msgid "/etc/motd"
msgstr ""

#: login.1.xml:227(para) 
msgid "System message of the day file."
msgstr ""

#: login.1.xml:231(filename) 
msgid "/etc/nologin"
msgstr ""

#: login.1.xml:233(para) 
msgid "Prevent non-root users from logging in."
msgstr ""

#: login.1.xml:237(filename) 
msgid "/etc/ttytype"
msgstr ""

#: login.1.xml:239(para) 
msgid "List of terminal types."
msgstr ""

#: login.1.xml:243(filename) 
msgid "$HOME/.hushlogin"
msgstr ""

#: login.1.xml:245(para) 
msgid "Suppress printing of system messages."
msgstr ""

#: login.1.xml:253(para) 
msgid "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mail</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sh</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>su</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>login.defs</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>nologin</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>securetty</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>getty</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>."
msgstr ""

#: limits.5.xml:5(refentrytitle) limits.5.xml:10(refname) 
msgid "limits"
msgstr ""

#: limits.5.xml:11(refpurpose) 
msgid "resource limits definition"
msgstr ""

#: limits.5.xml:17(para) 
msgid "The <emphasis remap=\"I\">limits</emphasis> file (<filename>/etc/limits</filename> by default or LIMITS_FILE defined <filename>config.h</filename>) describes the resource limits you wish to impose. It should be owned by root and readable by root account only."
msgstr ""

#: limits.5.xml:25(para) 
msgid "By default no quota is imposed on 'root'. In fact, there is no way to impose limits via this procedure to root-equiv accounts (accounts with UID 0)."
msgstr ""

#: limits.5.xml:31(para) 
msgid "Each line describes a limit for a user in the form:"
msgstr ""

#: limits.5.xml:34(emphasis) 
msgid "user LIMITS_STRING"
msgstr ""

#: limits.5.xml:37(para) 
msgid "The <emphasis>LIMITS_STRING</emphasis> is a string of a concatenated list of resource limits. Each limit consists of a letter identifier followed by a numerical limit."
msgstr ""

#: limits.5.xml:43(para) 
msgid "The valid identifiers are:"
msgstr ""

#: limits.5.xml:46(para) 
msgid "A: max address space (KB)"
msgstr ""

#: limits.5.xml:47(para) 
msgid "C: max core file size (KB)"
msgstr ""

#: limits.5.xml:48(para) 
msgid "D: max data size (KB)"
msgstr ""

#: limits.5.xml:49(para) 
msgid "F: maximum filesize (KB)"
msgstr ""

#: limits.5.xml:50(para) 
msgid "M: max locked-in-memory address space (KB)"
msgstr ""

#: limits.5.xml:51(para) 
msgid "N: max number of open files"
msgstr ""

#: limits.5.xml:52(para) 
msgid "R: max resident set size (KB)"
msgstr ""

#: limits.5.xml:53(para) 
msgid "S: max stack size (KB)"
msgstr ""

#: limits.5.xml:54(para) 
msgid "T: max CPU time (MIN)"
msgstr ""

#: limits.5.xml:55(para) 
msgid "U: max number of processes"
msgstr ""

#: limits.5.xml:56(para) 
msgid "K: file creation mask, set by <citerefentry><refentrytitle>umask</refentrytitle><manvolnum>2</manvolnum></citerefentry>."
msgstr ""

#: limits.5.xml:61(para) 
msgid "L: max number of logins for this user"
msgstr ""

#: limits.5.xml:62(para) 
msgid "P: process priority, set by <citerefentry><refentrytitle>setpriority</refentrytitle><manvolnum>2</manvolnum></citerefentry>."
msgstr ""

#: limits.5.xml:69(para) 
msgid "For example, <emphasis remap=\"I\">L2D2048N5</emphasis> is a valid <emphasis>LIMITS_STRING </emphasis>. For reading convenience, the following entries are equivalent:"
msgstr ""

#: limits.5.xml:75(programlisting) 
#, no-wrap
msgid "\n      username L2D2048N5\n      username L2 D2048 N5\n    "
msgstr ""

#: limits.5.xml:80(para) 
msgid "Be aware that after <emphasis remap=\"I\">username</emphasis> the rest of the line is considered a limit string, thus comments are not allowed. A invalid limits string will be rejected (not considered) by the <command>login</command> program."
msgstr ""

#: limits.5.xml:87(para) 
msgid "The default entry is denoted by username \"<emphasis>*</emphasis>\". If you have multiple <emphasis remap=\"I\">default</emphasis> entries in your <emphasis>LIMITS_FILE</emphasis>, then the last one will be used as the default entry."
msgstr ""

#: limits.5.xml:94(para) 
msgid "To completely disable limits for a user, a single dash \"<emphasis>-</emphasis>\" will do."
msgstr ""

#: limits.5.xml:99(para) 
msgid "Also, please note that all limit settings are set PER LOGIN. They are not global, nor are they permanent. Perhaps global limits will come, but for now this will have to do ;)"
msgstr ""

#: limits.5.xml:110(filename) 
msgid "/etc/limits"
msgstr ""

#: limits.5.xml:118(para) 
msgid "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>login</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>setpriority</refentrytitle><manvolnum>2</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>setrlimit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>2</manvolnum></citerefentry>."
msgstr ""

#: lastlog.8.xml:5(refentrytitle) lastlog.8.xml:10(refname) lastlog.8.xml:16(command) 
msgid "lastlog"
msgstr ""

#: lastlog.8.xml:11(refpurpose) 
msgid "examine lastlog file"
msgstr ""

#: lastlog.8.xml:25(para) 
msgid "<command>lastlog</command> formats and prints the contents of the last login log <filename>/var/log/lastlog</filename> file. The <emphasis>login-name</emphasis>, <emphasis>port</emphasis>, and <emphasis>last login time</emphasis> will be printed. The default (no flags) causes lastlog entries to be printed, sorted by their order in <filename>/etc/passwd</filename>."
msgstr ""

#: lastlog.8.xml:37(para) 
msgid "The options which apply to the <command>lastlog</command> command are:"
msgstr ""

#: lastlog.8.xml:42(term) 
msgid "<option>-b</option>, <option>--before</option><replaceable>DAYS</replaceable>"
msgstr ""

#: lastlog.8.xml:46(para) 
msgid "Print only lastlog records older than <emphasis remap=\"I\">DAYS</emphasis>."
msgstr ""

#: lastlog.8.xml:60(term) faillog.8.xml:93(term) 
msgid "<option>-t</option>, <option>--time</option><replaceable>DAYS</replaceable>"
msgstr ""

#: lastlog.8.xml:65(para) 
msgid "Print the lastlog records more recent than <emphasis remap=\"I\">DAYS</emphasis>."
msgstr ""

#: lastlog.8.xml:72(term) faillog.8.xml:105(term) 
msgid "<option>-u</option>, <option>--user</option><replaceable>LOGIN</replaceable>"
msgstr ""

#: lastlog.8.xml:77(para) 
msgid "Print the lastlog record for user with specified <emphasis remap=\"I\">LOGIN</emphasis> only."
msgstr ""

#: lastlog.8.xml:85(term) 
msgid "The <option>-t</option> flag overrides the use of <option>-u</option>."
msgstr ""

#: lastlog.8.xml:94(para) 
msgid "If the user has never logged in the message <emphasis>** Never logged in**</emphasis> will be displayed instead of the port and time."
msgstr ""

#: lastlog.8.xml:101(title) groups.1.xml:36(title) chage.1.xml:162(title) 
msgid "NOTE"
msgstr ""

#: lastlog.8.xml:102(para) 
msgid "The <filename>lastlog</filename> file is a database which contains info on the last login of each user. You should not rotate it. It is a sparse file, so its size on the disk is much smaller than the one shown by \"<command>ls -l</command>\" (which can indicate a really big file if you have a high UID). You can display its real size with \"<command>ls -s</command>\"."
msgstr ""

#: lastlog.8.xml:116(filename) 
msgid "/var/log/lastlog"
msgstr ""

#: lastlog.8.xml:118(para) 
msgid "Database times of previous user logins."
msgstr ""

#: lastlog.8.xml:126(para) 
msgid "Large gaps in UID numbers will cause the lastlog program to run longer with no output to the screen (i.e. if mmdf=800 and last UID=170, program will appear to hang as it processes UID 171-799)."
msgstr ""

#: gshadow.5.xml:5(refentrytitle) gshadow.5.xml:10(refname) 
msgid "gshadow"
msgstr ""

#: gshadow.5.xml:11(refpurpose) 
msgid "shadowed group file"
msgstr ""

#: gshadow.5.xml:16(para) 
msgid "<filename>/etc/gshadow</filename> contains the shadowed information for group accounts. It contains lines with the following colon-separated fields:"
msgstr ""

#: gshadow.5.xml:23(para) 
msgid "group name"
msgstr ""

#: gshadow.5.xml:29(para) 
msgid "comma-separated list of group administrators"
msgstr ""

#: gshadow.5.xml:32(para) 
msgid "comma-separated list of group members"
msgstr ""

#: gshadow.5.xml:36(para) 
msgid "The group name and password fields must be filled. The encrypted password consists of characters from the 64-character alphabet a thru z, A thru Z, 0 thru 9, \\. and /. Refer to <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry> for details on how this string is interpreted. If the password field contains some string that is not valid result of <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>, for instance ! or *, the user will not be able to use a unix password to log in, subject to <citerefentry><refentrytitle>pam</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>."
msgstr ""

#: gshadow.5.xml:49(para) 
msgid "This information supersedes any password present in <filename>/etc/group</filename>."
msgstr ""

#: gshadow.5.xml:80(para) 
msgid "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>group</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>gpasswd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>newgrp</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>."
msgstr ""

#: grpck.8.xml:5(refentrytitle) grpck.8.xml:10(refname) grpck.8.xml:16(command) 
msgid "grpck"
msgstr ""

#: grpck.8.xml:11(refpurpose) 
msgid "verify integrity of group files"
msgstr ""

#: grpck.8.xml:26(para) 
msgid "<command>grpck</command> verifies the integrity of the system authentication information. All entries in the <filename>/etc/group</filename> and <filename>/etc/gshadow</filename> are checked to see that the entry has the proper format and valid data in each field. The user is prompted to delete entries that are improperly formatted or which have other uncorrectable errors."
msgstr ""

#: grpck.8.xml:42(para) 
msgid "a unique group name"
msgstr ""

#: grpck.8.xml:45(para) 
msgid "a valid list of members and administrators"
msgstr ""

#: grpck.8.xml:49(para) 
msgid "The checks for correct number of fields and unique group name are fatal. If the entry has the wrong number of fields, the user will be prompted to delete the entire line. If the user does not answer affirmatively, all further checks are bypassed. An entry with a duplicated group name is prompted for deletion, but the remaining checks will still be made. All other errors are warnings and the user is encouraged to run the <command>groupmod</command> command to correct the error."
msgstr ""

#: grpck.8.xml:60(para) 
msgid "The commands which operate on the <filename>/etc/group</filename> file are not able to alter corrupted or duplicated entries. <command>grpck</command> should be used in those circumstances to remove the offending entry."
msgstr ""

#: grpck.8.xml:70(para) 
msgid "By default, <command>grpck</command> operates on the files <filename>/etc/group</filename> and <filename>/etc/gshadow</filename>. The user may select alternate files with the <emphasis remap=\"I\">group</emphasis> and <emphasis remap=\"I\">shadow</emphasis> parameters. Additionally, the user may execute the command in read-only mode by specifying the <option>-r</option> flag. This causes all questions regarding changes to be answered <emphasis>no</emphasis> without user intervention. <command>grpck</command> can also sort entries in <filename>/etc/group</filename> and <filename>/etc/gshadow</filename> by GID. To run it in sort mode pass it <option>-s</option> flag. No checks are performed then, it just sorts."
msgstr ""

#: grpck.8.xml:112(para) 
msgid "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>group</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>groupmod</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>."
msgstr ""

#: grpck.8.xml:148(para) 
msgid "one or more bad group entries"
msgstr ""

#: grpck.8.xml:154(para) 
msgid "can't open group files"
msgstr ""

#: grpck.8.xml:160(para) 
msgid "can't lock group files"
msgstr ""

#: grpck.8.xml:166(para) 
msgid "can't update group files"
msgstr ""

#: grpck.8.xml:130(para) 
msgid "The <command>grpck</command> command exits with the following values: <placeholder-1/>"
msgstr ""

#: groups.1.xml:5(refentrytitle) groups.1.xml:10(refname) groups.1.xml:16(command) 
msgid "groups"
msgstr ""

#: groups.1.xml:11(refpurpose) 
msgid "display current group names"
msgstr ""

#: groups.1.xml:18(replaceable) gpasswd.1.xml:23(replaceable) gpasswd.1.xml:28(replaceable) chsh.1.xml:18(replaceable) chfn.1.xml:22(replaceable) chage.1.xml:19(replaceable) 
msgid "user"
msgstr ""

#: groups.1.xml:25(para) 
msgid "<command>groups</command> displays the current group names or ID values. If the value does not have a corresponding entry in <filename>/etc/group</filename>, the value will be displayed as the numerical group value. The optional <emphasis remap=\"I\">user</emphasis> parameter will display the groups for the named <emphasis remap=\"I\">user</emphasis>."
msgstr ""

#: groups.1.xml:37(para) 
msgid "Systems which do not support concurrent group sets will have the information from <filename>/etc/group</filename> reported. The user must use <command>newgrp</command> or <command>sg</command> to change their current real and effective group ID."
msgstr ""

#: groups.1.xml:59(para) 
msgid "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>newgrp</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>getgid</refentrytitle><manvolnum>2</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>getgroups</refentrytitle><manvolnum>2</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>getuid</refentrytitle><manvolnum>2</manvolnum></citerefentry>."
msgstr ""

#: groupmod.8.xml:5(refentrytitle) groupmod.8.xml:10(refname) groupmod.8.xml:16(command) 
msgid "groupmod"
msgstr ""

#: groupmod.8.xml:11(refpurpose) 
msgid "modify a group"
msgstr ""

#: groupmod.8.xml:18(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:43(replaceable) 
msgid "gid"
msgstr ""

#: groupmod.8.xml:18(arg) groupmems.8.xml:21(arg) groupadd.8.xml:18(arg) 
msgid "-g <placeholder-1/>"
msgstr ""

#: groupmod.8.xml:19(arg) groupadd.8.xml:19(arg) groupadd.8.xml:100(option) 
msgid "-o"
msgstr ""

#: groupmod.8.xml:21(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:56(replaceable) 
msgid "new_group_name"
msgstr ""

#: groupmod.8.xml:21(arg) 
msgid "-n <placeholder-1/>"
msgstr ""

#: groupmod.8.xml:28(para) 
msgid "The <command>groupmod</command> command modifies the system account files to reflect the changes that are specified on the command line."
msgstr ""

#: groupmod.8.xml:36(para) 
msgid "The options which apply to the <command>groupmod</command> command are:"
msgstr ""

#: groupmod.8.xml:43(option) groupmems.8.xml:67(option) groupadd.8.xml:59(option) 
msgid "-g"
msgstr ""

#: groupmod.8.xml:46(para) 
msgid "The numerical value of the group's ID. This value must be unique, unless the <option>-o</option> option is used. The value must be non-negative. Values between 0 and 999 are typically reserved for system groups. Any files which the old group ID is the file group ID must have the file group ID changed manually."
msgstr ""

#: groupmod.8.xml:56(option) 
msgid "-n"
msgstr ""

#: groupmod.8.xml:58(para) 
msgid "The name of the group will be changed from <emphasis remap=\"I\">group</emphasis> to <emphasis remap=\"I\">new_group_name</emphasis>."
msgstr ""

#: groupmod.8.xml:124(para) 
msgid "group name already in use"
msgstr ""

#: groupmod.8.xml:88(para) 
msgid "The <command>groupmod</command> command exits with the following values: <placeholder-1/>"
msgstr ""

#: groupmod.8.xml:139(para) 
msgid "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>chfn</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>chsh</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>gpasswd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>groupadd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>groupdel</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>useradd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>userdel</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>usermod</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>."
msgstr ""

#: groupmems.8.xml:5(refentrytitle) groupmems.8.xml:10(refname) groupmems.8.xml:16(command) 
msgid "groupmems"
msgstr ""

#: groupmems.8.xml:11(refpurpose) 
msgid "administer members of a user's primary group"
msgstr ""

#: groupmems.8.xml:18(replaceable) groupmems.8.xml:19(replaceable) groupmems.8.xml:49(replaceable) groupmems.8.xml:55(replaceable) 
msgid "user_name"
msgstr ""

#: groupmems.8.xml:18(arg) gpasswd.1.xml:23(arg) 
msgid "-a <placeholder-1/>"
msgstr ""

#: groupmems.8.xml:19(arg) gpasswd.1.xml:28(arg) 
msgid "-d <placeholder-1/>"
msgstr ""

#: groupmems.8.xml:20(arg) groupmems.8.xml:75(option) 
msgid "-l"
msgstr ""

#: groupmems.8.xml:21(replaceable) groupmems.8.xml:67(replaceable) 
msgid "group_name"
msgstr ""

#: groupmems.8.xml:28(para) 
msgid "The <command>groupmems</command> utility allows a user to administer his/her own group membership list without the requirement of super user privileges. The <command>groupmems</command> utility is for systems that configure its users to be in their own name sake primary group (i.e., guest / guest)."
msgstr ""

#: groupmems.8.xml:36(para) 
msgid "Only the super user, as administrator, can use <command>groupmems</command> to alter the memberships of other groups."
msgstr ""

#: groupmems.8.xml:43(para) 
msgid "The options which apply to the <command>groupmems</command> command are:"
msgstr ""

#: groupmems.8.xml:49(option) 
msgid "-a"
msgstr ""

#: groupmems.8.xml:51(para) 
msgid "Add a new user to the group membership list."
msgstr ""

#: groupmems.8.xml:55(option) 
msgid "-d"
msgstr ""

#: groupmems.8.xml:57(para) 
msgid "Delete a user from the group membership list."
msgstr ""

#: groupmems.8.xml:63(para) 
msgid "Delete all users from the group membership list."
msgstr ""

#: groupmems.8.xml:69(para) 
msgid "The super user can specify which group membership list to modify."
msgstr ""

#: groupmems.8.xml:77(para) 
msgid "List the group membership list."
msgstr ""

#: groupmems.8.xml:84(title) 
msgid "SETUP"
msgstr ""

#: groupmems.8.xml:85(para) 
msgid "The <command>groupmems</command> executable should be in mode <literal>2770</literal> as user <emphasis>root</emphasis> and in group <emphasis>groups</emphasis>. The system administrator can add users to group <emphasis>groups</emphasis> to allow or disallow them using the <command>groupmems</command> utility to manage their own group membership list."
msgstr ""

#: groupmems.8.xml:94(programlisting) 
#, no-wrap
msgid "\n\t$ groupadd -r groups\n\t$ chmod 2770 groupmems\n\t$ chown root.groups groupmems\n\t$ groupmems -g groups -a gk4\n    "
msgstr ""

#: groupmems.8.xml:114(para) 
msgid "secure group account information"
msgstr ""

#: groupmems.8.xml:122(para) 
msgid "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>chfn</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>chsh</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>groupadd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>groupdel</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>useradd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>userdel</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>usermod</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>."
msgstr ""

#: groupdel.8.xml:5(refentrytitle) groupdel.8.xml:10(refname) groupdel.8.xml:16(command) 
msgid "groupdel"
msgstr ""

#: groupdel.8.xml:11(refpurpose) 
msgid "delete a group"
msgstr ""

#: groupdel.8.xml:25(para) 
msgid "The <command>groupdel</command> command modifies the system account files, deleting all entries that refer to <emphasis remap=\"I\">group</emphasis>. The named group must exist."
msgstr ""

#: groupdel.8.xml:30(para) 
msgid "You must manually check all file systems to insure that no files remain with the named group as the file group ID."
msgstr ""

#: groupdel.8.xml:37(para) 
msgid "You may not remove the primary group of any existing user. You must remove the user before you remove the group."
msgstr ""

#: groupdel.8.xml:80(para) 
msgid "can't remove user's primary group"
msgstr ""

#: groupdel.8.xml:62(para) 
msgid "The <command>groupdel</command> command exits with the following values: <placeholder-1/>"
msgstr ""

#: groupdel.8.xml:95(para) 
msgid "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>chfn</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>chsh</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>gpasswd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>groupadd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>groupmod</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>useradd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>userdel</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>usermod</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>"
msgstr ""

#: groupadd.8.xml:11(refpurpose) 
msgid "create a new group"
msgstr ""

#: groupadd.8.xml:18(replaceable) groupadd.8.xml:59(replaceable) 
msgid "GID"
msgstr ""

#: groupadd.8.xml:22(replaceable) groupadd.8.xml:79(replaceable) 
msgid "KEY"
msgstr ""

#: groupadd.8.xml:22(replaceable) groupadd.8.xml:79(replaceable) 
msgid "VALUE"
msgstr ""

#: groupadd.8.xml:22(arg) groupadd.8.xml:79(option) 
msgid "-K <placeholder-1/>=<placeholder-2/>"
msgstr ""

#: groupadd.8.xml:31(para) 
msgid "The <command>groupadd</command> command creates a new group account using the values specified on the command line and the default values from the system. The new group will be entered into the system files as needed."
msgstr ""

#: groupadd.8.xml:40(para) 
msgid "The options which apply to the <command>groupadd</command> command are:"
msgstr ""

#: groupadd.8.xml:50(para) 
msgid "This option causes to just exit with success status if the specified group already exists. With <option>-g</option>, if specified GID already exists, other (unique) GID is chosen (i.e. <option>-g</option> is turned off)."
msgstr ""

#: groupadd.8.xml:62(para) 
msgid "The numerical value of the group's ID. This value must be unique, unless the <option>-o</option> option is used. The value must be non-negative. The default is to use the smallest ID value greater than 999 and greater than every other group. Values between 0 and 999 are typically reserved for system accounts."
msgstr ""

#: groupadd.8.xml:82(para) 
msgid "Overrides <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename> defaults (GID_MIN, GID_MAX and others). Multiple <option>-K</option> options can be specified."
msgstr ""

#: groupadd.8.xml:87(para) 
msgid "Example: <option>-K </option><replaceable>GID_MIN</replaceable>=<replaceable>100</replaceable><option> -K </option><replaceable>GID_MAX</replaceable>=<replaceable>499</replaceable>"
msgstr ""

#: groupadd.8.xml:91(para) 
msgid "Note: <option>-K </option><replaceable>GID_MIN</replaceable>=<replaceable>10</replaceable>,<replaceable>GID_MAX</replaceable>=<replaceable>499</replaceable> doesn't work yet."
msgstr ""

#: groupadd.8.xml:103(para) 
msgid "This option permits to add group with non-unique GID."
msgstr ""

#: groupadd.8.xml:137(para) 
msgid "Groupnames must begin with a lower case letter or an underscore, and only lower case letters, underscores, dashes, and dollar signs may follow. In regular expression terms: [a-z_][a-z0-9_-]*[$]"
msgstr ""

#: groupadd.8.xml:141(para) groupadd.8.xml:149(para) 
msgid "Groupnames may only be up to 16 characters long."
msgstr ""

#: groupadd.8.xml:143(para) 
msgid "If the groupname already exists in an external group database such as NIS, <command>groupadd</command> will deny the group creation request."
msgstr ""

#: groupadd.8.xml:179(para) 
msgid "GID not unique (when <option>-o</option> not used)"
msgstr ""

#: groupadd.8.xml:185(para) 
msgid "group name not unique"
msgstr ""

#: groupadd.8.xml:155(para) 
msgid "The <command>groupadd</command> command exits with the following values: <placeholder-1/>"
msgstr ""

#: groupadd.8.xml:200(para) 
msgid "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>chfn</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>chsh</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>gpasswd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>groupdel</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>groupmod</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>login.defs</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>useradd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>userdel</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>usermod</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>."
msgstr ""

#: gpasswd.1.xml:5(refentrytitle) gpasswd.1.xml:10(refname) gpasswd.1.xml:16(command) gpasswd.1.xml:22(command) gpasswd.1.xml:27(command) gpasswd.1.xml:32(command) gpasswd.1.xml:36(command) gpasswd.1.xml:40(command) 
msgid "gpasswd"
msgstr ""

#: gpasswd.1.xml:11(refpurpose) 
msgid "administer the <placeholder-1/> file"
msgstr ""

#: gpasswd.1.xml:33(arg) 
msgid "-R <placeholder-1/>"
msgstr ""

#: gpasswd.1.xml:41(replaceable) gpasswd.1.xml:42(replaceable) 
msgid "user,"
msgstr ""

#: gpasswd.1.xml:41(arg) 
msgid "-A <placeholder-1/>"
msgstr ""

#: gpasswd.1.xml:42(arg) 
msgid "-M <placeholder-1/>"
msgstr ""

#: gpasswd.1.xml:49(para) 
msgid "<command>gpasswd</command> is used to administer the <filename>/etc/group</filename> file (and <filename>/etc/gshadow</filename> file if compiled with SHADOWGRP defined). Every group can have administrators, members and a password. System administrator can use <option>-A</option> option to define group administrator(s) and <option>-M</option> option to define members and has all rights of group administrators and members."
msgstr ""

#: gpasswd.1.xml:60(title) 
msgid "Notes about group passwords"
msgstr ""

#: gpasswd.1.xml:61(para) 
msgid "Group passwords are an inherent security problem since more than one person is permitted to know the password. However, groups are a useful tool for permitting co-operation between different users."
msgstr ""

#: gpasswd.1.xml:72(para) 
msgid "Group administrator can add and delete users using <option>-a</option> and <option>-d</option> options respectively. Administrators can use <option>-r</option> option to remove group password. When no password is set only group members can use <command>newgrp</command> to join the group. Option <option>-R</option> disables access via a password to the group through <command>newgrp</command> command (however members will still be able to switch to this group)."
msgstr ""

#: gpasswd.1.xml:82(para) 
msgid "<command>gpasswd</command> called by a group administrator with group name only prompts for the group password. If password is set the members can still <citerefentry><refentrytitle>newgrp</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry> without a password, non-members must supply the password."
msgstr ""

#: gpasswd.1.xml:112(para) 
msgid "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>newgrp</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>gshadow</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>groupadd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>groupdel</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>groupmod</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>grpck</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>group</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>."
msgstr ""

#: faillog.8.xml:5(refentrytitle) faillog.8.xml:10(refname) faillog.8.xml:16(command) faillog.5.xml:5(refentrytitle) faillog.5.xml:9(refname) faillog.5.xml:49(refentrytitle) 
msgid "faillog"
msgstr ""

#: faillog.8.xml:11(refpurpose) 
msgid "display faillog records or set login failure limits"
msgstr ""

#: faillog.8.xml:25(para) 
msgid "<command>faillog</command> formats the contents of the failure log from <filename>/var/log/faillog</filename> database. It also can be used for maintains failure counters and limits. Run <command>faillog</command> without arguments display only list of user faillog records who have ever had a login failure."
msgstr ""

#: faillog.8.xml:36(para) 
msgid "The options which apply to the <command>faillog</command> command are:"
msgstr ""

#: faillog.8.xml:44(para) 
msgid "Display faillog records for all users."
msgstr ""

#: faillog.8.xml:54(term) 
msgid "<option>-l</option>, <option>--lock-time</option><replaceable>SEC</replaceable>"
msgstr ""

#: faillog.8.xml:59(para) 
msgid "Lock account to <replaceable>SEC</replaceable> seconds after failed login."
msgstr ""

#: faillog.8.xml:66(term) 
msgid "<option>-m</option>, <option>--maximum</option><replaceable>MAX</replaceable>"
msgstr ""

#: faillog.8.xml:71(para) 
msgid "Set maximum number of login failures after the account is disabled to <replaceable>MAX</replaceable>. Selecting <replaceable>MAX</replaceable> value of 0 has the effect of not placing a limit on the number of failed logins. The maximum failure count should always be 0 for <emphasis>root</emphasis> to prevent a denial of services attack against the system."
msgstr ""

#: faillog.8.xml:82(term) 
msgid "<option>-r</option>, <option>--reset</option>"
msgstr ""

#: faillog.8.xml:84(para) 
msgid "Reset the counters of login failures or one record if used with the <option>-u</option><replaceable>LOGIN</replaceable> option. Write access to <filename>/var/log/faillog</filename> is required for this option."
msgstr ""

#: faillog.8.xml:97(para) 
msgid "Display faillog records more recent than <replaceable>DAYS</replaceable>. The <option>-t</option> flag overrides the use of <option>-u</option>."
msgstr ""

#: faillog.8.xml:109(para) 
msgid "Display faillog record or maintains failure counters and limits (if used with <option>-l</option>, <option>-m</option> or <option>-r</option> options) only for user with <replaceable>LOGIN</replaceable>."
msgstr ""

#: faillog.8.xml:122(para) 
msgid "<command>faillog</command> only prints out users with no successful login since the last failure. To print out a user who has had a successful login since their last failure, you must explicitly request the user with the <option>-u</option> flag, or print out all users with the <option>-a</option> flag."
msgstr ""

#: faillog.8.xml:135(filename) faillog.5.xml:37(filename) 
msgid "/var/log/faillog"
msgstr ""

#: faillog.8.xml:137(para) faillog.5.xml:39(para) 
msgid "Failure logging file."
msgstr ""

#: faillog.8.xml:145(para) 
msgid "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>login</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>faillog</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>."
msgstr ""

#: faillog.5.xml:10(refpurpose) 
msgid "login failure logging file"
msgstr ""

#: faillog.5.xml:15(para) 
msgid "<filename>/var/log/faillog</filename> maintains a count of login failures and the limits for each account. The file is fixed length record, indexed by numerical UID. Each record contains the count of login failures since the last successful login; the maximum number of failures before the account is disabled; the line the last login failure occurred on; and the date the last login failure occurred."
msgstr ""

#: faillog.5.xml:23(para) 
msgid "The structure of the file is:"
msgstr ""

#: faillog.5.xml:24(programlisting) 
#, no-wrap
msgid "\nstruct\tfaillog {\n\tshort   fail_cnt;\n\tshort   fail_max;\n\tchar    fail_line[12];\n\ttime_t  fail_time;\n};"
msgstr ""

#: expiry.1.xml:5(refentrytitle) expiry.1.xml:10(refname) expiry.1.xml:16(command) 
msgid "expiry"
msgstr ""

#: expiry.1.xml:11(refpurpose) 
msgid "check and enforce password expiration policy"
msgstr ""

#: expiry.1.xml:24(para) 
msgid "<command>expiry</command> checks (<option>-c</option>) the current password expiration and forces (<option>-f</option>) changes when required. It is callable as a normal user command."
msgstr ""

#: expiry.1.xml:51(para) chage.1.xml:231(para) 
msgid "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>."
msgstr ""

#: chsh.1.xml:11(refpurpose) 
msgid "change login shell"
msgstr ""

#: chsh.1.xml:17(replaceable) 
msgid "login_shell"
msgstr ""

#: chsh.1.xml:17(arg) 
msgid "-s <placeholder-1/>"
msgstr ""

#: chsh.1.xml:25(para) 
msgid "<command>chsh</command> changes the user login shell. This determines the name of the user's initial login command. A normal user may only change the login shell for her own account, the super user may change the login shell for any account."
msgstr ""

#: chsh.1.xml:32(para) 
msgid "The only restriction placed on the login shell is that the command name must be listed in <filename>/etc/shells</filename>, unless the invoker is the super-user, and then any value may be added. An account with a restricted login shell may not change her login shell. For this reason, placing <filename>/bin/rsh</filename> in <filename>/etc/shells</filename> is discouraged since accidentally changing to a restricted shell would prevent the user from ever changing her login shell back to its original value."
msgstr ""

#: chsh.1.xml:46(para) 
msgid "If the <option>-s</option> option is not selected, <command>chsh</command> operates in an interactive fashion, prompting the user with the current login shell. Enter the new value to change the shell, or leave the line blank to use the current one. The current shell is displayed between a pair of <emphasis>[ ]</emphasis> marks."
msgstr ""

#: chsh.1.xml:65(filename) 
msgid "/etc/shells"
msgstr ""

#: chsh.1.xml:67(para) 
msgid "List of valid login shells."
msgstr ""

#: chsh.1.xml:81(para) 
msgid "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>chfn</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>login.defs</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>."
msgstr ""

#: chpasswd.8.xml:5(refentrytitle) chpasswd.8.xml:10(refname) chpasswd.8.xml:16(command) 
msgid "chpasswd"
msgstr ""

#: chpasswd.8.xml:11(refpurpose) 
msgid "update passwords in batch mode"
msgstr ""

#: chpasswd.8.xml:25(para) 
msgid "<command>chpasswd</command> reads a list of user name and password pairs from standard input and uses this information to update a group of existing users. Each line is of the format:"
msgstr ""

#: chpasswd.8.xml:30(para) 
msgid "<emphasis remap=\"I\">user_name</emphasis>:<emphasis remap=\"I\">password</emphasis>"
msgstr ""

#: chpasswd.8.xml:34(para) 
msgid "By default the supplied password must be in clear-text. Default encryption algorithm is DES. Also the password age will be updated, if present."
msgstr ""

#: chpasswd.8.xml:39(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:38(para) 
msgid "This command is intended to be used in a large system environment where many accounts are created at a single time."
msgstr ""

#: chpasswd.8.xml:47(para) 
msgid "The options which apply to the <command>chpasswd</command> command are:"
msgstr ""

#: chpasswd.8.xml:53(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:52(term) 
msgid "<option>-e</option>, <option>--encrypted</option>"
msgstr ""

#: chpasswd.8.xml:55(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:54(para) 
msgid "Supplied passwords are in encrypted form."
msgstr ""

#: chpasswd.8.xml:65(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:64(term) 
msgid "<option>-m</option>, <option>--md5</option>"
msgstr ""

#: chpasswd.8.xml:67(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:66(para) 
msgid "Use MD5 encryption instead DES when the supplied passwords are not encrypted."
msgstr ""

#: chpasswd.8.xml:78(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:77(para) 
msgid "Remember to set permissions or umask to prevent readability of unencrypted files by other users."
msgstr ""

#: chpasswd.8.xml:86(para) 
msgid "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>newusers</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>useradd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>."
msgstr ""

#: chgpasswd.8.xml:5(refentrytitle) chgpasswd.8.xml:10(refname) chgpasswd.8.xml:16(command) 
msgid "chgpasswd"
msgstr ""

#: chgpasswd.8.xml:11(refpurpose) 
msgid "update group passwords in batch mode"
msgstr ""

#: chgpasswd.8.xml:25(para) 
msgid "<command>chgpasswd</command> reads a list of group name and password pairs from standard input and uses this information to update a set of existing groups. Each line is of the format:"
msgstr ""

#: chgpasswd.8.xml:30(para) 
msgid "<emphasis remap=\"I\">group_name</emphasis>:<emphasis remap=\"I\">password</emphasis>"
msgstr ""

#: chgpasswd.8.xml:34(para) 
msgid "By default the supplied password must be in clear-text. Default encryption algorithm is DES."
msgstr ""

#: chgpasswd.8.xml:46(para) 
msgid "The options which apply to the <command>chgpasswd</command> command are:"
msgstr ""

#: chgpasswd.8.xml:85(para) 
msgid "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>gpasswd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>groupadd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>."
msgstr ""

#: chfn.1.xml:11(refpurpose) 
msgid "change real user name and information"
msgstr ""

#: chfn.1.xml:17(replaceable) 
msgid "full_name"
msgstr ""

#: chfn.1.xml:18(replaceable) 
msgid "room_no"
msgstr ""

#: chfn.1.xml:19(replaceable) 
msgid "work_ph"
msgstr ""

#: chfn.1.xml:19(arg) 
msgid "-w <placeholder-1/>"
msgstr ""

#: chfn.1.xml:20(replaceable) 
msgid "home_ph"
msgstr ""

#: chfn.1.xml:21(replaceable) 
msgid "other"
msgstr ""

#: chfn.1.xml:21(arg) 
msgid "-o <placeholder-1/>"
msgstr ""

#: chfn.1.xml:28(para) 
msgid "<command>chfn</command> changes user fullname, office number, office extension, and home phone number information for a user's account. This information is typically printed by <citerefentry><refentrytitle>finger</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry> and similar programs. A normal user may only change the fields for her own account, subject to the restrictions in <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename>. (The default configuration is to prevent users from changing their fullname.) The super user may change any field for any account. Additionally, only the super user may use the <option>-o</option> option to change the undefined portions of the GECOS field."
msgstr ""

#: chfn.1.xml:41(para) 
msgid "The only restriction placed on the contents of the fields is that no control characters may be present, nor any of comma, colon, or equal sign. The <emphasis remap=\"I\">other</emphasis> field does not have this restriction, and is used to store accounting information used by other applications."
msgstr ""

#: chfn.1.xml:48(para) 
msgid "If none of the options are selected, <command>chfn</command> operates in an interactive fashion, prompting the user with the current values for all of the fields. Enter the new value to change the field, or leave the line blank to use the current value. The current value is displayed between a pair of <emphasis remap=\"B\">[ ]</emphasis> marks. Without options, <command>chfn</command> prompts for the current user account."
msgstr ""

#: chfn.1.xml:78(para) 
msgid "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>chsh</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>login.defs</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>."
msgstr ""

#: chage.1.xml:5(refentrytitle) chage.1.xml:10(refname) chage.1.xml:15(command) 
msgid "chage"
msgstr ""

#: chage.1.xml:11(refpurpose) 
msgid "change user password expiry information"
msgstr ""

#: chage.1.xml:25(para) 
msgid "The <command>chage</command> command changes the number of days between password changes and the date of the last password change. This information is used by the system to determine when a user must change his/her password."
msgstr ""

#: chage.1.xml:35(para) 
msgid "The options which apply to the <command>chage</command> command are:"
msgstr ""

#: chage.1.xml:40(term) 
msgid "<option>-d</option>, <option>--lastday</option><replaceable>LAST_DAY</replaceable>"
msgstr ""

#: chage.1.xml:44(para) 
msgid "Set the number of days since January 1st, 1970 when the password was last changed. The date may also be expressed in the format YYYY-MM-DD (or the format more commonly used in your area)."
msgstr ""

#: chage.1.xml:52(term) 
msgid "<option>-E</option>, <option>--expiredate</option><replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable>"
msgstr ""

#: chage.1.xml:56(para) 
msgid "Set the date or number of days since January 1, 1970 on which the user's account will no longer be accessible. The date may also be expressed in the format YYYY-MM-DD (or the format more commonly used in your area). A user whose account is locked must contact the system administrator before being able to use the system again."
msgstr ""

#: chage.1.xml:64(para) 
msgid "Passing the number <emphasis remap=\"I\">-1</emphasis> as the <replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable> will remove an account expiration date."
msgstr ""

#: chage.1.xml:78(term) 
msgid "<option>-I</option>, <option>--inactive</option><replaceable>INACTIVE</replaceable>"
msgstr ""

#: chage.1.xml:82(para) 
msgid "Set the number of days of inactivity after a password has expired before the account is locked. The <replaceable>INACTIVE</replaceable> option is the number of days of inactivity. A user whose account is locked must contact the system administrator before being able to use the system again."
msgstr ""

#: chage.1.xml:89(para) 
msgid "Passing the number <emphasis remap=\"I\">-1</emphasis> as the <replaceable>INACTIVE</replaceable> will remove an account's inactivity."
msgstr ""

#: chage.1.xml:97(term) 
msgid "<option>-l</option>, <option>--list</option>"
msgstr ""

#: chage.1.xml:101(para) 
msgid "Show account aging information."
msgstr ""

#: chage.1.xml:119(term) 
msgid "<option>-M</option>, <option>--maxdays</option><replaceable>MAX_DAYS</replaceable>"
msgstr ""

#: chage.1.xml:123(para) 
msgid "Set the maximum number of days during which a password is valid. When <replaceable>MAX_DAYS</replaceable> plus <replaceable>LAST_DAY</replaceable> is less than the current day, the user will be required to change his/her password before being able to use his/her account. This occurrence can be planned for in advance by use of the <option>-W</option> option, which provides the user with advance warning."
msgstr ""

#: chage.1.xml:132(para) 
msgid "Passing the number <emphasis remap=\"I\">-1</emphasis> as <replaceable>MAX_DAYS</replaceable> will remove checking a password's validity."
msgstr ""

#: chage.1.xml:140(term) 
msgid "<option>-W</option>, <option>--warndays</option><replaceable>WARN_DAYS</replaceable>"
msgstr ""

#: chage.1.xml:144(para) 
msgid "Set the number of days of warning before a password change is required. The <replaceable>WARN_DAYS</replaceable> option is the number of days prior to the password expiring that a user will be warned his/her password is about to expire."
msgstr ""

#: chage.1.xml:153(para) 
msgid "If none of the options are selected, <command>chage</command> operates in an interactive fashion, prompting the user with the current values for all of the fields. Enter the new value to change the field, or leave the line blank to use the current value. The current value is displayed between a pair of <emphasis>[ ]</emphasis> marks."
msgstr ""

#: chage.1.xml:163(para) 
msgid "The <command>chage</command> program requires a shadow password file to be available."
msgstr ""

#: chage.1.xml:167(para) 
msgid "The <command>chage</command> command is restricted to the root user, except for the <option>-l</option> option, which may be used by an unprivileged user to determine when his/her password or account is due to expire."
msgstr ""

#: chage.1.xml:220(replaceable) 
msgid "15"
msgstr ""

#: chage.1.xml:222(para) 
msgid "can't find the shadow password file"
msgstr ""

#: chage.1.xml:198(para) 
msgid "The <command>chage</command> command exits with the following values: <placeholder-1/>"
msgstr ""

#. Put one translator per line, in the form of NAME <EMAIL>, YEAR1, YEAR2.
#: chage.1.xml:0(None) 
msgid "translator-credits"
msgstr ""