<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!-- Copyright (c) 1991 - 1994, Julianne Frances Haugh Copyright (c) 2007 - 2008, Nicolas François All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 3. The name of the copyright holders or contributors may not be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. --> <!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook V4.5//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [ <!-- SHADOW-CONFIG-HERE --> ]> <refentry id='groups.1'> <!-- $Id$ --> <refentryinfo> <author> <firstname>Julianne Frances</firstname> <surname>Haugh</surname> <contrib>Creation, 1991</contrib> </author> <author> <firstname>Thomas</firstname> <surname>Kłoczko</surname> <email>kloczek@pld.org.pl</email> <contrib>shadow-utils maintainer, 2000 - 2007</contrib> </author> <author> <firstname>Nicolas</firstname> <surname>François</surname> <email>nicolas.francois@centraliens.net</email> <contrib>shadow-utils maintainer, 2007 - now</contrib> </author> </refentryinfo> <refmeta> <refentrytitle>groups</refentrytitle> <manvolnum>1</manvolnum> <refmiscinfo class="sectdesc">User Commands</refmiscinfo> <refmiscinfo class="source">shadow-utils</refmiscinfo> <refmiscinfo class="version">&SHADOW_UTILS_VERSION;</refmiscinfo> </refmeta> <refnamediv id='name'> <refname>groups</refname> <refpurpose>display current group names</refpurpose> </refnamediv> <refsynopsisdiv id='synopsis'> <cmdsynopsis> <command>groups</command> <arg choice='opt'> <replaceable>user</replaceable> </arg> </cmdsynopsis> </refsynopsisdiv> <refsect1 id='description'> <title>DESCRIPTION</title> <para> The <command>groups</command> command displays the current group names or ID values. If the value does not have a corresponding entry in <filename>/etc/group</filename>, the value will be displayed as the numerical group value. The optional <emphasis remap='I'>user</emphasis> parameter will display the groups for the named <emphasis remap='I'>user</emphasis>. </para> </refsect1> <refsect1 id='note'> <title>NOTE</title> <para> Systems which do not support concurrent group sets will have the information from <filename>/etc/group</filename> reported. The user must use <command>newgrp</command> or <command>sg</command> to change his current real and effective group ID. </para> </refsect1> <refsect1 id='files'> <title>FILES</title> <variablelist> <varlistentry> <term><filename>/etc/group</filename></term> <listitem> <para>Group account information.</para> </listitem> </varlistentry> </variablelist> </refsect1> <refsect1 id='see_also'> <title>SEE ALSO</title> <para> <citerefentry> <refentrytitle>newgrp</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum> </citerefentry>, <citerefentry> <refentrytitle>getgid</refentrytitle><manvolnum>2</manvolnum> </citerefentry>, <citerefentry> <refentrytitle>getgroups</refentrytitle><manvolnum>2</manvolnum> </citerefentry>, <citerefentry> <refentrytitle>getuid</refentrytitle><manvolnum>2</manvolnum> </citerefentry>. </para> </refsect1> </refentry>