/* * Copyright 1991 - 1994, Julianne Frances Haugh * All rights reserved. * * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions * are met: * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. * 3. Neither the name of Julianne F. Haugh nor the names of its contributors * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software * without specific prior written permission. * * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY JULIE HAUGH AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL JULIE HAUGH OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF * SUCH DAMAGE. */ #include #ident "$Id$" #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #ifdef USE_PAM #include "pam_defs.h" #endif /* USE_PAM */ #include #include #include #include #include "chkname.h" #include "defines.h" #include "faillog.h" #include "getdef.h" #include "groupio.h" #include "nscd.h" #include "prototypes.h" #include "pwauth.h" #include "pwio.h" #ifdef SHADOWGRP #include "sgroupio.h" #endif #include "shadowio.h" #ifndef SKEL_DIR #define SKEL_DIR "/etc/skel" #endif #ifndef USER_DEFAULTS_FILE #define USER_DEFAULTS_FILE "/etc/default/useradd" #define NEW_USER_FILE "/etc/default/nuaddXXXXXX" #endif /* * Needed for MkLinux DR1/2/2.1 - J. */ #ifndef LASTLOG_FILE #define LASTLOG_FILE "/var/log/lastlog" #endif /* * Global variables */ /* * These defaults are used if there is no defaults file. */ static gid_t def_group = 100; static const char *def_gname = "other"; static const char *def_home = "/home"; static const char *def_shell = ""; static const char *def_template = SKEL_DIR; static const char *def_create_mail_spool = "no"; static long def_inactive = -1; static const char *def_expire = ""; static char def_file[] = USER_DEFAULTS_FILE; #define VALID(s) (strcspn (s, ":\n") == strlen (s)) static const char *user_name = ""; static const char *user_pass = "!"; static uid_t user_id; static gid_t user_gid; static const char *user_comment = ""; static const char *user_home = ""; static const char *user_shell = ""; static const char *create_mail_spool = ""; static long user_expire = -1; static int is_shadow_pwd; #ifdef SHADOWGRP static int is_shadow_grp; #endif static char **user_groups; /* NULL-terminated list */ static long sys_ngroups; static int do_grp_update = 0; /* group files need to be updated */ static char *Prog; static int bflg = 0, /* new default root of home directory */ cflg = 0, /* comment (GECOS) field for new account */ dflg = 0, /* home directory for new account */ Dflg = 0, /* set/show new user default values */ eflg = 0, /* days since 1970-01-01 when account is locked */ fflg = 0, /* days until account with expired password is locked */ gflg = 0, /* primary group ID for new account */ Gflg = 0, /* secondary group set for new account */ kflg = 0, /* specify a directory to fill new user directory */ mflg = 0, /* create user's home directory if it doesn't exist */ nflg = 0, /* create a group having the same name as the user */ oflg = 0, /* permit non-unique user ID to be specified with -u */ sflg = 0, /* shell program for new account */ uflg = 0; /* specify user ID for new account */ extern char *optarg; extern int optind; static int home_added; /* * exit status values */ #define E_SUCCESS 0 /* success */ #define E_PW_UPDATE 1 /* can't update password file */ #define E_USAGE 2 /* invalid command syntax */ #define E_BAD_ARG 3 /* invalid argument to option */ #define E_UID_IN_USE 4 /* UID already in use (and no -o) */ #define E_NOTFOUND 6 /* specified group doesn't exist */ #define E_NAME_IN_USE 9 /* username already in use */ #define E_GRP_UPDATE 10 /* can't update group file */ #define E_HOMEDIR 12 /* can't create home directory */ #define E_MAIL_SPOOL 13 /* can't create mail spool */ #define DGROUP "GROUP=" #define HOME "HOME=" #define SHELL "SHELL=" #define INACT "INACTIVE=" #define EXPIRE "EXPIRE=" #define SKEL "SKEL=" #define CREATE_MAIL_SPOOL "CREATE_MAIL_SPOOL=" /* local function prototypes */ static void fail_exit (int); static struct group *getgr_nam_gid (const char *); static long get_number (const char *); static uid_t get_uid (const char *); static void get_defaults (void); static void show_defaults (void); static int set_defaults (void); static int get_groups (char *); static void usage (void); static void new_pwent (struct passwd *); static long scale_age (long); static void new_spent (struct spwd *); static void grp_update (void); static void find_new_uid (void); static void process_flags (int argc, char **argv); static void close_files (void); static void open_files (void); static void faillog_reset (uid_t); static void lastlog_reset (uid_t); static void usr_update (void); static void create_home (void); static void create_mail (void); /* * fail_exit - undo as much as possible */ static void fail_exit (int code) { if (home_added) rmdir (user_home); #ifdef WITH_AUDIT audit_logger (AUDIT_USER_CHAUTHTOK, Prog, "adding user", user_name, -1, 0); #endif SYSLOG ((LOG_INFO, "failed adding user `%s', data deleted", user_name)); exit (code); } static struct group *getgr_nam_gid (const char *grname) { long gid; char *errptr; gid = strtol (grname, &errptr, 10); if (*grname != '\0' && *errptr == '\0' && errno != ERANGE && gid >= 0) return xgetgrgid (gid); return xgetgrnam (grname); } static long get_number (const char *numstr) { long val; char *errptr; val = strtol (numstr, &errptr, 10); if (*errptr || errno == ERANGE) { fprintf (stderr, _("%s: invalid numeric argument '%s'\n"), Prog, numstr); exit (E_BAD_ARG); } return val; } static uid_t get_uid (const char *uidstr) { long val; char *errptr; val = strtol (uidstr, &errptr, 10); if (*errptr || errno == ERANGE || val < 0) { fprintf (stderr, _("%s: invalid numeric argument '%s'\n"), Prog, uidstr); exit (E_BAD_ARG); } return val; } #define MATCH(x,y) (strncmp((x),(y),strlen(y)) == 0) /* * get_defaults - read the defaults file * * get_defaults() reads the defaults file for this command. It sets the * various values from the file, or uses built-in default values if the * file does not exist. */ static void get_defaults (void) { FILE *fp; char buf[1024]; char *cp, *ep; /* * Open the defaults file for reading. */ if (!(fp = fopen (def_file, "r"))) return; /* * Read the file a line at a time. Only the lines that have relevant * values are used, everything else can be ignored. */ while (fgets (buf, sizeof buf, fp)) { if ((cp = strrchr (buf, '\n'))) *cp = '\0'; if (!(cp = strchr (buf, '='))) continue; cp++; /* * Primary GROUP identifier */ if (MATCH (buf, DGROUP)) { unsigned int val = (unsigned int) strtoul (cp, &ep, 10); const struct group *grp; if (*cp != '\0' && *ep == '\0') { /* valid number */ def_group = val; /* local, no need for xgetgrgid */ if ((grp = getgrgid (def_group))) { def_gname = xstrdup (grp->gr_name); } else { fprintf (stderr, _("%s: unknown GID %s\n"), Prog, cp); } /* local, no need for xgetgrnam */ } else if ((grp = getgrnam (cp))) { def_group = grp->gr_gid; def_gname = xstrdup (cp); } else { fprintf (stderr, _("%s: unknown group %s\n"), Prog, cp); } } /* * Default HOME filesystem */ else if (MATCH (buf, HOME)) { def_home = xstrdup (cp); } /* * Default Login Shell command */ else if (MATCH (buf, SHELL)) { def_shell = xstrdup (cp); } /* * Default Password Inactive value */ else if (MATCH (buf, INACT)) { long val = strtol (cp, &ep, 10); if (*cp || errno == ERANGE) def_inactive = val; else def_inactive = -1; } /* * Default account expiration date */ else if (MATCH (buf, EXPIRE)) { def_expire = xstrdup (cp); } /* * Default Skeleton information */ else if (MATCH (buf, SKEL)) { if (*cp == '\0') cp = SKEL_DIR; /* XXX warning: const */ def_template = xstrdup (cp); } /* * Create by default user mail spool or not ? */ else if (MATCH (buf, CREATE_MAIL_SPOOL)) { if (*cp == '\0') cp = CREATE_MAIL_SPOOL; /* XXX warning: const */ def_create_mail_spool = xstrdup (cp); } } } /* * show_defaults - show the contents of the defaults file * * show_defaults() displays the values that are used from the default * file and the built-in values. */ static void show_defaults (void) { printf ("GROUP=%u\n", (unsigned int) def_group); printf ("HOME=%s\n", def_home); printf ("INACTIVE=%ld\n", def_inactive); printf ("EXPIRE=%s\n", def_expire); printf ("SHELL=%s\n", def_shell); printf ("SKEL=%s\n", def_template); printf ("CREATE_MAIL_SPOOL=%s\n", def_create_mail_spool); } /* * set_defaults - write new defaults file * * set_defaults() re-writes the defaults file using the values that * are currently set. Duplicated lines are pruned, missing lines are * added, and unrecognized lines are copied as is. */ static int set_defaults (void) { FILE *ifp; FILE *ofp; char buf[1024]; static char new_file[] = NEW_USER_FILE; char *cp; int ofd; int out_group = 0; int out_home = 0; int out_inactive = 0; int out_expire = 0; int out_shell = 0; int out_skel = 0; int out_create_mail_spool = 0; /* * Create a temporary file to copy the new output to. */ if ((ofd = mkstemp (new_file)) == -1) { fprintf (stderr, _("%s: cannot create new defaults file\n"), Prog); return -1; } if (!(ofp = fdopen (ofd, "w"))) { fprintf (stderr, _("%s: cannot open new defaults file\n"), Prog); return -1; } /* * Open the existing defaults file and copy the lines to the * temporary file, using any new values. Each line is checked * to insure that it is not output more than once. */ if (!(ifp = fopen (def_file, "r"))) { fprintf (ofp, "# useradd defaults file\n"); goto skip; } while (fgets (buf, sizeof buf, ifp)) { if ((cp = strrchr (buf, '\n'))) *cp = '\0'; if (!out_group && MATCH (buf, DGROUP)) { fprintf (ofp, DGROUP "%u\n", (unsigned int) def_group); out_group++; } else if (!out_home && MATCH (buf, HOME)) { fprintf (ofp, HOME "%s\n", def_home); out_home++; } else if (!out_inactive && MATCH (buf, INACT)) { fprintf (ofp, INACT "%ld\n", def_inactive); out_inactive++; } else if (!out_expire && MATCH (buf, EXPIRE)) { fprintf (ofp, EXPIRE "%s\n", def_expire); out_expire++; } else if (!out_shell && MATCH (buf, SHELL)) { fprintf (ofp, SHELL "%s\n", def_shell); out_shell++; } else if (!out_skel && MATCH (buf, SKEL)) { fprintf (ofp, SKEL "%s\n", def_template); out_skel++; } else if (!out_create_mail_spool && MATCH (buf, CREATE_MAIL_SPOOL)) { fprintf (ofp, CREATE_MAIL_SPOOL "%s\n", def_create_mail_spool); out_create_mail_spool++; } else fprintf (ofp, "%s\n", buf); } fclose (ifp); skip: /* * Check each line to insure that every line was output. This * causes new values to be added to a file which did not previously * have an entry for that value. */ if (!out_group) fprintf (ofp, DGROUP "%u\n", (unsigned int) def_group); if (!out_home) fprintf (ofp, HOME "%s\n", def_home); if (!out_inactive) fprintf (ofp, INACT "%ld\n", def_inactive); if (!out_expire) fprintf (ofp, EXPIRE "%s\n", def_expire); if (!out_shell) fprintf (ofp, SHELL "%s\n", def_shell); if (!out_skel) fprintf (ofp, SKEL "%s\n", def_template); if (!out_create_mail_spool) fprintf (ofp, CREATE_MAIL_SPOOL "%s\n", def_create_mail_spool); /* * Flush and close the file. Check for errors to make certain * the new file is intact. */ fflush (ofp); if (ferror (ofp) || fclose (ofp)) { unlink (new_file); return -1; } /* * Rename the current default file to its backup name. */ snprintf (buf, sizeof buf, "%s-", def_file); if (rename (def_file, buf) && errno != ENOENT) { snprintf (buf, sizeof buf, _("%s: rename: %s"), Prog, def_file); perror (buf); unlink (new_file); return -1; } /* * Rename the new default file to its correct name. */ if (rename (new_file, def_file)) { snprintf (buf, sizeof buf, _("%s: rename: %s"), Prog, new_file); perror (buf); return -1; } #ifdef WITH_AUDIT audit_logger (AUDIT_USER_CHAUTHTOK, Prog, "changing user defaults", NULL, -1, 1); #endif SYSLOG ((LOG_INFO, "useradd defaults: GROUP=%u, HOME=%s, SHELL=%s, INACTIVE=%ld, " "EXPIRE=%s, SKEL=%s, CREATE_MAIL_SPOOL=%s", (unsigned int) def_group, def_home, def_shell, def_inactive, def_expire, def_template, def_create_mail_spool)); return 0; } /* * get_groups - convert a list of group names to an array of group IDs * * get_groups() takes a comma-separated list of group names and * converts it to a NULL-terminated array. Any unknown group * names are reported as errors. */ static int get_groups (char *list) { char *cp; const struct group *grp; int errors = 0; int ngroups = 0; if (!*list) return 0; /* * So long as there is some data to be converted, strip off * each name and look it up. A mix of numerical and string * values for group identifiers is permitted. */ do { /* * Strip off a single name from the list */ if ((cp = strchr (list, ','))) *cp++ = '\0'; /* * Names starting with digits are treated as numerical * GID values, otherwise the string is looked up as is. */ grp = getgr_nam_gid (list); /* * There must be a match, either by GID value or by * string name. */ if (!grp) { fprintf (stderr, _("%s: unknown group %s\n"), Prog, list); errors++; } list = cp; /* * If the group doesn't exist, don't dump core... * Instead, try the next one. --marekm */ if (!grp) continue; #ifdef USE_NIS /* * Don't add this group if they are an NIS group. Tell * the user to go to the server for this group. */ if (__isgrNIS ()) { fprintf (stderr, _("%s: group '%s' is a NIS group.\n"), Prog, grp->gr_name); continue; } #endif if (ngroups == sys_ngroups) { fprintf (stderr, _ ("%s: too many groups specified (max %d).\n"), Prog, ngroups); break; } /* * Add the group name to the user's list of groups. */ user_groups[ngroups++] = xstrdup (grp->gr_name); } while (list); user_groups[ngroups] = (char *) 0; /* * Any errors in finding group names are fatal */ if (errors) return -1; return 0; } /* * usage - display usage message and exit */ static void usage (void) { fprintf (stderr, _("Usage: useradd [options] LOGIN\n" "\n" "Options:\n" " -b, --base-dir BASE_DIR base directory for the new user account\n" " home directory\n" " -c, --comment COMMENT set the GECOS field for the new user account\n" " -d, --home-dir HOME_DIR home directory for the new user account\n" " -D, --defaults print or save modified default useradd\n" " configuration\n" " -e, --expiredate EXPIRE_DATE set account expiration date to EXPIRE_DATE\n" " -f, --inactive INACTIVE set password inactive after expiration\n" " to INACTIVE\n" " -g, --gid GROUP force use GROUP for the new user account\n" " -G, --groups GROUPS list of supplementary groups for the new\n" " user account\n" " -h, --help display this help message and exit\n" " -k, --skel SKEL_DIR specify an alternative skel directory\n" " -K, --key KEY=VALUE overrides /etc/login.defs defaults\n" " -m, --create-home create home directory for the new user\n" " account\n" " -o, --non-unique allow create user with duplicate\n" " (non-unique) UID\n" " -p, --password PASSWORD use encrypted password for the new user\n" " account\n" " -s, --shell SHELL the login shell for the new user account\n" " -u, --uid UID force use the UID for the new user account\n" "\n")); exit (E_USAGE); } /* * new_pwent - initialize the values in a password file entry * * new_pwent() takes all of the values that have been entered and * fills in a (struct passwd) with them. */ static void new_pwent (struct passwd *pwent) { memzero (pwent, sizeof *pwent); pwent->pw_name = (char *) user_name; if (is_shadow_pwd) pwent->pw_passwd = (char *) SHADOW_PASSWD_STRING; else pwent->pw_passwd = (char *) user_pass; pwent->pw_uid = user_id; pwent->pw_gid = user_gid; pwent->pw_gecos = (char *) user_comment; pwent->pw_dir = (char *) user_home; pwent->pw_shell = (char *) user_shell; } static long scale_age (long x) { if (x <= 0) return x; return x * (DAY / SCALE); } /* * new_spent - initialize the values in a shadow password file entry * * new_spent() takes all of the values that have been entered and * fills in a (struct spwd) with them. */ static void new_spent (struct spwd *spent) { memzero (spent, sizeof *spent); spent->sp_namp = (char *) user_name; spent->sp_pwdp = (char *) user_pass; spent->sp_lstchg = time ((time_t *) 0) / SCALE; spent->sp_min = scale_age (getdef_num ("PASS_MIN_DAYS", -1)); spent->sp_max = scale_age (getdef_num ("PASS_MAX_DAYS", -1)); spent->sp_warn = scale_age (getdef_num ("PASS_WARN_AGE", -1)); spent->sp_inact = scale_age (def_inactive); spent->sp_expire = scale_age (user_expire); spent->sp_flag = -1; } /* * grp_update - add user to secondary group set * * grp_update() takes the secondary group set given in user_groups * and adds the user to each group given by that set. * * The group files are opened and locked in open_files(). * * close_files() should be called afterwards to commit the changes * and unlocking the group files. */ static void grp_update (void) { const struct group *grp; struct group *ngrp; #ifdef SHADOWGRP const struct sgrp *sgrp; struct sgrp *nsgrp; #endif /* * Scan through the entire group file looking for the groups that * the user is a member of. */ for (gr_rewind (), grp = gr_next (); grp; grp = gr_next ()) { /* * See if the user specified this group as one of their * concurrent groups. */ if (!is_on_list (user_groups, grp->gr_name)) continue; /* * Make a copy - gr_update() will free() everything * from the old entry, and we need it later. */ ngrp = __gr_dup (grp); if (!ngrp) { fprintf (stderr, _("%s: Out of memory. Cannot update the group database.\n"), Prog); fail_exit (E_GRP_UPDATE); /* XXX */ } /* * Add the username to the list of group members and * update the group entry to reflect the change. */ ngrp->gr_mem = add_list (ngrp->gr_mem, user_name); if (!gr_update (ngrp)) { fprintf (stderr, _("%s: error adding new group entry\n"), Prog); fail_exit (E_GRP_UPDATE); } #ifdef WITH_AUDIT audit_logger (AUDIT_USER_CHAUTHTOK, Prog, "adding user to group", user_name, -1, 1); #endif SYSLOG ((LOG_INFO, "add `%s' to group `%s'", user_name, ngrp->gr_name)); } #ifdef SHADOWGRP if (!is_shadow_grp) return; /* * Scan through the entire shadow group file looking for the groups * that the user is a member of. The administrative list isn't * modified. */ for (sgr_rewind (), sgrp = sgr_next (); sgrp; sgrp = sgr_next ()) { /* * See if the user specified this group as one of their * concurrent groups. */ if (!gr_locate (sgrp->sg_name)) continue; if (!is_on_list (user_groups, sgrp->sg_name)) continue; /* * Make a copy - sgr_update() will free() everything * from the old entry, and we need it later. */ nsgrp = __sgr_dup (sgrp); if (!nsgrp) { fprintf (stderr, _("%s: Out of memory. Cannot update the shadow group database.\n"), Prog); fail_exit (E_GRP_UPDATE); /* XXX */ } /* * Add the username to the list of group members and * update the group entry to reflect the change. */ nsgrp->sg_mem = add_list (nsgrp->sg_mem, user_name); if (!sgr_update (nsgrp)) { fprintf (stderr, _("%s: error adding new group entry\n"), Prog); fail_exit (E_GRP_UPDATE); } #ifdef WITH_AUDIT audit_logger (AUDIT_USER_CHAUTHTOK, Prog, "adding user to shadow group", user_name, -1, 1); #endif SYSLOG ((LOG_INFO, "add `%s' to shadow group `%s'", user_name, nsgrp->sg_name)); } #endif /* SHADOWGRP */ } /* * find_new_uid - find the next available UID * * find_new_uid() locates the next highest unused UID in the password * file, or checks the given user ID against the existing ones for * uniqueness. */ static void find_new_uid (void) { const struct passwd *pwd; uid_t uid_min, uid_max; uid_min = getdef_unum ("UID_MIN", 1000); uid_max = getdef_unum ("UID_MAX", 60000); /* * Start with some UID value if the user didn't provide us with * one already. */ if (!uflg) user_id = uid_min; /* * Search the entire password file, either looking for this * UID (if the user specified one with -u) or looking for the * largest unused value. */ setpwent (); while ((pwd = getpwent ())) { if (strcmp (user_name, pwd->pw_name) == 0) { fprintf (stderr, _("%s: name %s is not unique\n"), Prog, user_name); #ifdef WITH_AUDIT audit_logger (AUDIT_USER_CHAUTHTOK, Prog, "adding user", user_name, user_id, 0); #endif exit (E_NAME_IN_USE); } if (uflg && user_id == pwd->pw_uid) { fprintf (stderr, _("%s: UID %u is not unique\n"), Prog, (unsigned int) user_id); #ifdef WITH_AUDIT audit_logger (AUDIT_USER_CHAUTHTOK, Prog, "adding user", user_name, user_id, 0); #endif exit (E_UID_IN_USE); } if (!uflg && pwd->pw_uid >= user_id) { if (pwd->pw_uid > uid_max) continue; user_id = pwd->pw_uid + 1; } } /* * If a user with UID equal to UID_MAX exists, the above algorithm * will give us UID_MAX+1 even if not unique. Search for the first * free UID starting with UID_MIN (it's O(n*n) but can be avoided * by not having users with UID equal to UID_MAX). --marekm */ if (!uflg && user_id == uid_max + 1) { for (user_id = uid_min; user_id < uid_max; user_id++) { /* local, no need for xgetpwuid */ if (!getpwuid (user_id)) break; } if (user_id == uid_max) { fprintf (stderr, _("%s: can't get unique UID\n"), Prog); fail_exit (E_UID_IN_USE); } } } /* * find_new_gid - find the next available GID * * find_new_gid() locates the next highest unused GID in the group * file, or checks the given group ID against the existing ones for * uniqueness. */ static void find_new_gid () { const struct group *grp; gid_t gid_min, gid_max; gid_min = getdef_num ("GID_MIN", 500); gid_max = getdef_num ("GID_MAX", 60000); /* * Start with some GID value if the user didn't provide us with * one already. */ user_gid = gid_min; /* * Search the entire group file, either looking for this * GID (if the user specified one with -g) or looking for the * largest unused value. */ setgrent (); while ((grp = getgrent ())) { if (strcmp (user_name, grp->gr_name) == 0) { user_gid = grp->gr_gid; return; } if (grp->gr_gid >= user_gid) { if (grp->gr_gid > gid_max) continue; user_gid = grp->gr_gid + 1; } } if (user_gid == gid_max + 1) { for (user_gid = gid_min; user_gid < gid_max; user_gid++) { /* local, no need for xgetgrgid */ if (!getgrgid (user_gid)) break; } if (user_gid == gid_max) { fprintf (stderr, "%s: can't get unique gid (run out of GIDs)\n", Prog); fail_exit (4); } } } /* * process_flags - perform command line argument setting * * process_flags() interprets the command line arguments and sets * the values that the user will be created with accordingly. The * values are checked for sanity. */ static void process_flags (int argc, char **argv) { const struct group *grp; int anyflag = 0; char *cp; { /* * Parse the command line options. */ int c; static struct option long_options[] = { {"base-dir", required_argument, NULL, 'b'}, {"comment", required_argument, NULL, 'c'}, {"home-dir", required_argument, NULL, 'd'}, {"defaults", required_argument, NULL, 'D'}, {"expiredate", required_argument, NULL, 'e'}, {"inactive", required_argument, NULL, 'f'}, {"gid", required_argument, NULL, 'g'}, {"groups", required_argument, NULL, 'G'}, {"help", no_argument, NULL, 'h'}, {"skel", required_argument, NULL, 'k'}, {"key", required_argument, NULL, 'K'}, {"create-home", no_argument, NULL, 'm'}, {"non-unique", no_argument, NULL, 'o'}, {"password", required_argument, NULL, 'p'}, {"shell", required_argument, NULL, 's'}, {"uid", required_argument, NULL, 'u'}, {NULL, 0, NULL, '\0'} }; while ((c = getopt_long (argc, argv, "b:c:d:De:f:g:G:k:K:mMop:s:u:", long_options, NULL)) != -1) { switch (c) { case 'b': if (!VALID (optarg) || optarg[0] != '/') { fprintf (stderr, _ ("%s: invalid base directory '%s'\n"), Prog, optarg); exit (E_BAD_ARG); } def_home = optarg; bflg++; break; case 'c': if (!VALID (optarg)) { fprintf (stderr, _ ("%s: invalid comment '%s'\n"), Prog, optarg); exit (E_BAD_ARG); } user_comment = optarg; cflg++; break; case 'd': if (!VALID (optarg) || optarg[0] != '/') { fprintf (stderr, _ ("%s: invalid home directory '%s'\n"), Prog, optarg); exit (E_BAD_ARG); } user_home = optarg; dflg++; break; case 'D': if (anyflag) usage (); Dflg++; break; case 'e': if (*optarg) { user_expire = strtoday (optarg); if (user_expire == -1) { fprintf (stderr, _ ("%s: invalid date '%s'\n"), Prog, optarg); exit (E_BAD_ARG); } } else user_expire = -1; /* * -e "" is allowed - it's a no-op without /etc/shadow */ if (*optarg && !is_shadow_pwd) { fprintf (stderr, _ ("%s: shadow passwords required for -e\n"), Prog); exit (E_USAGE); } if (Dflg) def_expire = optarg; eflg++; break; case 'f': def_inactive = get_number (optarg); /* * -f -1 is allowed - it's a no-op without /etc/shadow */ if (def_inactive != -1 && !is_shadow_pwd) { fprintf (stderr, _ ("%s: shadow passwords required for -f\n"), Prog); exit (E_USAGE); } fflg++; break; case 'g': grp = getgr_nam_gid (optarg); if (!grp) { fprintf (stderr, _ ("%s: unknown group %s\n"), Prog, optarg); exit (E_NOTFOUND); } if (Dflg) { def_group = grp->gr_gid; def_gname = optarg; } else { user_gid = grp->gr_gid; } gflg++; break; case 'G': if (get_groups (optarg)) exit (E_NOTFOUND); if (user_groups[0]) do_grp_update++; Gflg++; break; case 'h': usage (); break; case 'k': def_template = optarg; kflg++; break; case 'K': /* * override login.defs defaults (-K name=value) * example: -K UID_MIN=100 -K UID_MAX=499 * note: -K UID_MIN=10,UID_MAX=499 doesn't work yet */ cp = strchr (optarg, '='); if (!cp) { fprintf (stderr, _ ("%s: -K requires KEY=VALUE\n"), Prog); exit (E_BAD_ARG); } /* terminate name, point to value */ *cp++ = '\0'; if (putdef_str (optarg, cp) < 0) exit (E_BAD_ARG); break; case 'm': mflg++; break; case 'o': oflg++; break; case 'p': /* set encrypted password */ if (!VALID (optarg)) { fprintf (stderr, _ ("%s: invalid field '%s'\n"), Prog, optarg); exit (E_BAD_ARG); } user_pass = optarg; break; case 's': if (!VALID (optarg) || (optarg[0] && (optarg[0] != '/' && optarg[0] != '*'))) { fprintf (stderr, _ ("%s: invalid shell '%s'\n"), Prog, optarg); exit (E_BAD_ARG); } user_shell = optarg; def_shell = optarg; sflg++; break; case 'u': user_id = get_uid (optarg); uflg++; break; default: usage (); } anyflag++; } } /* * Certain options are only valid in combination with others. * Check it here so that they can be specified in any order. */ if ((oflg && !uflg) || (kflg && !mflg)) usage (); /* * Either -D or username is required. Defaults can be set with -D * for the -b, -e, -f, -g, -s options only. */ if (Dflg) { if (optind != argc) usage (); if (uflg || oflg || Gflg || dflg || cflg || mflg) usage (); } else { if (optind != argc - 1) usage (); user_name = argv[optind]; if (!check_user_name (user_name)) { fprintf (stderr, _ ("%s: invalid user name '%s'\n"), Prog, user_name); #ifdef WITH_AUDIT audit_logger (AUDIT_USER_CHAUTHTOK, Prog, "adding user", user_name, -1, 0); #endif exit (E_BAD_ARG); } if (!dflg) { char *uh; uh = xmalloc (strlen (def_home) + strlen (user_name) + 2); sprintf (uh, "%s/%s", def_home, user_name); user_home = uh; } } if (!eflg) user_expire = strtoday (def_expire); if (!gflg) user_gid = def_group; if (!sflg) user_shell = def_shell; /* TODO: add handle change default spool mail creation by -K CREATE_MAIL_SPOOL={yes,no}. It need rewrite internal API for handle shadow tools configuration */ create_mail_spool = def_create_mail_spool; } /* * close_files - close all of the files that were opened * * close_files() closes all of the files that were opened for this * new user. This causes any modified entries to be written out. */ static void close_files (void) { if (!pw_close ()) { fprintf (stderr, _("%s: cannot rewrite password file\n"), Prog); fail_exit (E_PW_UPDATE); } if (is_shadow_pwd && !spw_close ()) { fprintf (stderr, _("%s: cannot rewrite shadow password file\n"), Prog); fail_exit (E_PW_UPDATE); } if (do_grp_update) { if (!gr_close ()) { fprintf (stderr, _("%s: cannot rewrite group file\n"), Prog); fail_exit (E_GRP_UPDATE); } #ifdef SHADOWGRP if (is_shadow_grp && !sgr_close ()) { fprintf (stderr, _ ("%s: cannot rewrite shadow group file\n"), Prog); fail_exit (E_GRP_UPDATE); } #endif } if (is_shadow_pwd) spw_unlock (); pw_unlock (); gr_unlock (); #ifdef SHADOWGRP if (is_shadow_grp) sgr_unlock (); #endif } /* * open_files - lock and open the password files * * open_files() opens the two password files. */ static void open_files (void) { if (!pw_lock ()) { fprintf (stderr, _("%s: unable to lock password file\n"), Prog); #ifdef WITH_AUDIT audit_logger (AUDIT_USER_CHAUTHTOK, Prog, "locking password file", user_name, user_id, 0); #endif exit (E_PW_UPDATE); } if (!pw_open (O_RDWR)) { fprintf (stderr, _("%s: unable to open password file\n"), Prog); #ifdef WITH_AUDIT audit_logger (AUDIT_USER_CHAUTHTOK, Prog, "opening password file", user_name, user_id, 0); #endif pw_unlock (); exit (E_PW_UPDATE); } if (is_shadow_pwd && !spw_lock ()) { fprintf (stderr, _("%s: cannot lock shadow password file\n"), Prog); #ifdef WITH_AUDIT audit_logger (AUDIT_USER_CHAUTHTOK, Prog, "locking shadow password file", user_name, user_id, 0); #endif pw_unlock (); exit (E_PW_UPDATE); } if (is_shadow_pwd && !spw_open (O_RDWR)) { fprintf (stderr, _("%s: cannot open shadow password file\n"), Prog); #ifdef WITH_AUDIT audit_logger (AUDIT_USER_CHAUTHTOK, Prog, "opening shadow password file", user_name, user_id, 0); #endif spw_unlock (); pw_unlock (); exit (E_PW_UPDATE); } /* * Lock and open the group file. */ if (!gr_lock ()) { fprintf (stderr, _("%s: error locking group file\n"), Prog); fail_exit (E_GRP_UPDATE); } if (!gr_open (O_RDWR)) { fprintf (stderr, _("%s: error opening group file\n"), Prog); fail_exit (E_GRP_UPDATE); } #ifdef SHADOWGRP if (is_shadow_grp && !sgr_lock ()) { fprintf (stderr, _("%s: error locking shadow group file\n"), Prog); fail_exit (E_GRP_UPDATE); } if (is_shadow_grp && !sgr_open (O_RDWR)) { fprintf (stderr, _("%s: error opening shadow group file\n"), Prog); fail_exit (E_GRP_UPDATE); } #endif } static char *empty_list = NULL; /* * new_grent - initialize the values in a group file entry * * new_grent() takes all of the values that have been entered and fills * in a (struct group) with them. */ static void new_grent (struct group *grent) { memzero (grent, sizeof *grent); grent->gr_name = (char *) user_name; grent->gr_passwd = SHADOW_PASSWD_STRING; /* XXX warning: const */ grent->gr_gid = user_gid; grent->gr_mem = &empty_list; } #ifdef SHADOWGRP /* * new_sgent - initialize the values in a shadow group file entry * * new_sgent() takes all of the values that have been entered and fills * in a (struct sgrp) with them. */ static void new_sgent (struct sgrp *sgent) { memzero (sgent, sizeof *sgent); sgent->sg_name = (char *) user_name; sgent->sg_passwd = "!"; /* XXX warning: const */ sgent->sg_adm = &empty_list; sgent->sg_mem = &empty_list; } #endif /* SHADOWGRP */ /* * grp_add - add new group file entries * * grp_add() writes the new records to the group files. */ static void grp_add (void) { struct group grp; #ifdef SHADOWGRP struct sgrp sgrp; #endif /* SHADOWGRP */ /* * Create the initial entries for this new group. */ new_grent (&grp); #ifdef SHADOWGRP new_sgent (&sgrp); #endif /* SHADOWGRP */ /* * Write out the new group file entry. */ if (!gr_update (&grp)) { fprintf (stderr, _("%s: error adding new group entry\n"), Prog); fail_exit (E_GRP_UPDATE); } #ifdef SHADOWGRP /* * Write out the new shadow group entries as well. */ if (is_shadow_grp && !sgr_update (&sgrp)) { fprintf (stderr, _("%s: error adding new group entry\n"), Prog); fail_exit (E_GRP_UPDATE); } #endif /* SHADOWGRP */ SYSLOG ((LOG_INFO, "new group: name=%s, GID=%u", user_name, user_gid)); do_grp_update++; } static void faillog_reset (uid_t uid) { struct faillog fl; int fd; fd = open (FAILLOG_FILE, O_RDWR); if (fd >= 0) { memzero (&fl, sizeof (fl)); lseek (fd, (off_t) sizeof (fl) * uid, SEEK_SET); write (fd, &fl, sizeof (fl)); close (fd); } } static void lastlog_reset (uid_t uid) { struct lastlog ll; int fd; fd = open (LASTLOG_FILE, O_RDWR); if (fd >= 0) { memzero (&ll, sizeof (ll)); lseek (fd, (off_t) sizeof (ll) * uid, SEEK_SET); write (fd, &ll, sizeof (ll)); close (fd); } } /* * usr_update - create the user entries * * usr_update() creates the password file entries for this user * and will update the group entries if required. */ static void usr_update (void) { struct passwd pwent; struct spwd spent; if (!oflg) find_new_uid (); /* * Fill in the password structure with any new fields, making * copies of strings. */ new_pwent (&pwent); new_spent (&spent); /* * Create a syslog entry. We need to do this now in case anything * happens so we know what we were trying to accomplish. */ SYSLOG ((LOG_INFO, "new user: name=%s, UID=%u, GID=%u, home=%s, shell=%s", user_name, (unsigned int) user_id, (unsigned int) user_gid, user_home, user_shell)); /* * Initialize faillog and lastlog entries for this UID in case * it belongs to a previously deleted user. We do it only if * no user with this UID exists yet (entries for shared UIDs * are left unchanged). --marekm */ /* local, no need for xgetpwuid */ if (!getpwuid (user_id)) { faillog_reset (user_id); lastlog_reset (user_id); } /* * Put the new (struct passwd) in the table. */ if (!pw_update (&pwent)) { fprintf (stderr, _("%s: error adding new password entry\n"), Prog); exit (E_PW_UPDATE); } /* * Put the new (struct spwd) in the table. */ if (is_shadow_pwd && !spw_update (&spent)) { fprintf (stderr, _ ("%s: error adding new shadow password entry\n"), Prog); #ifdef WITH_AUDIT audit_logger (AUDIT_USER_CHAUTHTOK, Prog, "adding shadow password", user_name, user_id, 0); #endif exit (E_PW_UPDATE); } #ifdef WITH_AUDIT audit_logger (AUDIT_USER_CHAUTHTOK, Prog, "adding user", user_name, user_id, 1); #endif /* * Do any group file updates for this user. */ if (do_grp_update) grp_update (); } /* * create_home - create the user's home directory * * create_home() creates the user's home directory if it does not * already exist. It will be created mode 755 owned by the user * with the user's default group. */ static void create_home (void) { if (access (user_home, F_OK)) { /* XXX - create missing parent directories. --marekm */ if (mkdir (user_home, 0)) { fprintf (stderr, _ ("%s: cannot create directory %s\n"), Prog, user_home); #ifdef WITH_AUDIT audit_logger (AUDIT_USER_CHAUTHTOK, Prog, "adding home directory", user_name, user_id, 0); #endif fail_exit (E_HOMEDIR); } chown (user_home, user_id, user_gid); chmod (user_home, 0777 & ~getdef_num ("UMASK", GETDEF_DEFAULT_UMASK)); home_added++; #ifdef WITH_AUDIT audit_logger (AUDIT_USER_CHAUTHTOK, Prog, "adding home directory", user_name, user_id, 1); #endif } } /* * create_mail - create the user's mail spool * * create_mail() creates the user's mail spool if it does not already * exist. It will be created mode 660 owned by the user and group * 'mail' */ static void create_mail (void) { char *spool, *file; int fd; struct group *gr; gid_t gid; mode_t mode; if (strcasecmp (create_mail_spool, "yes") == 0) { spool = getdef_str ("MAIL_DIR") ? : "/var/mail"; file = alloca (strlen (spool) + strlen (user_name) + 2); sprintf (file, "%s/%s", spool, user_name); fd = open (file, O_CREAT | O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC | O_EXCL, 0); if (fd < 0) { perror (_("Creating mailbox file")); return; } gr = getgrnam ("mail"); /* local, no need for xgetgrnam */ if (!gr) { fprintf (stderr, _ ("Group 'mail' not found. Creating the user mailbox file with 0600 mode.\n")); gid = user_gid; mode = 0600; } else { gid = gr->gr_gid; mode = 0660; } if (fchown (fd, user_id, gid) || fchmod (fd, mode)) perror (_("Setting mailbox file permissions")); close (fd); } } /* * main - useradd command */ int main (int argc, char **argv) { #ifdef USE_PAM pam_handle_t *pamh = NULL; int retval; #endif #ifdef WITH_AUDIT audit_help_open (); #endif /* * Get my name so that I can use it to report errors. */ Prog = Basename (argv[0]); setlocale (LC_ALL, ""); bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR); textdomain (PACKAGE); OPENLOG ("useradd"); sys_ngroups = sysconf (_SC_NGROUPS_MAX); user_groups = malloc ((1 + sys_ngroups) * sizeof (char *)); /* * Initialize the list to be empty */ user_groups[0] = (char *) 0; is_shadow_pwd = spw_file_present (); #ifdef SHADOWGRP is_shadow_grp = sgr_file_present (); #endif get_defaults (); process_flags (argc, argv); #ifdef USE_PAM retval = PAM_SUCCESS; { struct passwd *pampw; pampw = getpwuid (getuid ()); /* local, no need for xgetpwuid */ if (pampw == NULL) { retval = PAM_USER_UNKNOWN; } if (retval == PAM_SUCCESS) { retval = pam_start ("useradd", pampw->pw_name, &conv, &pamh); } } if (retval == PAM_SUCCESS) { retval = pam_authenticate (pamh, 0); if (retval != PAM_SUCCESS) { pam_end (pamh, retval); } } if (retval == PAM_SUCCESS) { retval = pam_acct_mgmt (pamh, 0); if (retval != PAM_SUCCESS) { pam_end (pamh, retval); } } if (retval != PAM_SUCCESS) { fprintf (stderr, _("%s: PAM authentication failed\n"), Prog); exit (1); } #endif /* USE_PAM */ /* * See if we are messing with the defaults file, or creating * a new user. */ if (Dflg) { if (gflg || bflg || fflg || eflg || sflg) exit (set_defaults ()? 1 : 0); show_defaults (); exit (E_SUCCESS); } /* * Start with a quick check to see if the user exists. */ if (getpwnam (user_name)) { /* local, no need for xgetpwnam */ fprintf (stderr, _("%s: user %s exists\n"), Prog, user_name); #ifdef WITH_AUDIT audit_logger (AUDIT_USER_CHAUTHTOK, Prog, "adding user", user_name, -1, 0); #endif exit (E_NAME_IN_USE); } /* * Don't blindly overwrite a group when a user is added... * If you already have a group username, and want to add the user * to that group, use useradd -g username username. * --bero */ if (!gflg) { if (getgrnam (user_name)) { /* local, no need for xgetgrnam */ fprintf (stderr, _ ("%s: group %s exists - if you want to add this user to that group, use -g.\n"), Prog, user_name); #ifdef WITH_AUDIT audit_logger (AUDIT_USER_CHAUTHTOK, Prog, "adding group", user_name, -1, 0); #endif exit (E_NAME_IN_USE); } } /* * Do the hard stuff: * - open the files, * - create the user entries, * - create the home directory, * - create user mail spool, * - flush nscd caches for passwd and group services, * - then close and update the files. */ open_files (); if (!oflg) { /* first, seek for a valid uid to use for this user. * We do this because later we can use the uid we found as * gid too ... --gafton */ find_new_uid (); } /* do we have to add a group for that user? This is why we need to * open the group files in the open_files() function --gafton */ if (!(nflg || gflg)) { find_new_gid (); grp_add (); } usr_update (); if (mflg) { create_home (); if (home_added) copy_tree (def_template, user_home, user_id, user_gid); else fprintf (stderr, _ ("%s: warning: the home directory already exists.\n" "Not copying any file from skel directory into it.\n"), Prog); } else if (getdef_str ("CREATE_HOME")) { /* * RedHat added the CREATE_HOME option in login.defs in their * version of shadow-utils (which makes -m the default, with * new -M option to turn it off). Unfortunately, this * changes the way useradd works (it can be run by scripts * expecting some standard behaviour), compared to other * Unices and other Linux distributions, and also adds a lot * of confusion :-(. * So we now recognize CREATE_HOME and give a warning here * (better than "configuration error ... notify administrator" * errors in every program that reads /etc/login.defs). -MM */ fprintf (stderr, _ ("%s: warning: CREATE_HOME not supported, please use -m instead.\n"), Prog); } create_mail (); close_files (); nscd_flush_cache ("passwd"); nscd_flush_cache ("group"); #ifdef USE_PAM if (retval == PAM_SUCCESS) pam_end (pamh, PAM_SUCCESS); #endif /* USE_PAM */ exit (E_SUCCESS); /* NOT REACHED */ }