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<refentry id='chage.1'>
<!-- $Id$ -->
<refmeta>
<refentrytitle>chage</refentrytitle>
<manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
<refmiscinfo class="sectdesc">User Commands</refmiscinfo>
</refmeta>
<refnamediv id='name'>
<refname>chage</refname>
<refpurpose>change user password expiry information</refpurpose>
</refnamediv>
<refsynopsisdiv id='synopsis'>
<cmdsynopsis>
<command>chage</command>
<arg choice='opt'>
<replaceable>options</replaceable>
</arg>
<arg choice='opt'>
<replaceable>LOGIN</replaceable>
</arg>
</cmdsynopsis>
</refsynopsisdiv>
<refsect1 id='description'>
<title>DESCRIPTION</title>
<para>
The <command>chage</command> command changes the number of days between
password changes and the date of the last password change. This
information is used by the system to determine when a user must change
his/her password.
</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1 id='options'>
<title>OPTIONS</title>
<para>
The options which apply to the <command>chage</command> command are:
</para>
<variablelist remap='IP'>
<varlistentry>
<term>
<option>-d</option>, <option>--lastday</option> <replaceable>LAST_DAY</replaceable>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>
Set the number of days since January 1st, 1970 when the password
was last changed. The date may also be expressed in the format
YYYY-MM-DD (or the format more commonly used in your area).
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>
<option>-E</option>, <option>--expiredate</option> <replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>
Set the date or number of days since January 1, 1970 on which the
user's account will no longer be accessible. The date may also
be expressed in the format YYYY-MM-DD (or the format more
commonly used in your area). A user whose account is locked must
contact the system administrator before being able to use the
system again.
</para>
<para>
Passing the number <emphasis remap='I'>-1</emphasis> as the
<replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable> will remove an account
expiration date.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>-h</option>, <option>--help</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>Display help message and exit.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>
<option>-I</option>, <option>--inactive</option> <replaceable>INACTIVE</replaceable>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>
Set the number of days of inactivity after a password has
expired before the account is locked. The
<replaceable>INACTIVE</replaceable> option is the number of days
of inactivity. A user whose account is locked must contact the
system administrator before being able to use the system again.
</para>
<para>
Passing the number <emphasis remap='I'>-1</emphasis> as the
<replaceable>INACTIVE</replaceable> will remove an account's
inactivity.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>
<option>-l</option>, <option>--list</option>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>
Show account aging information.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>
<option>-m</option>, <option>--mindays</option> <replaceable>MIN_DAYS</replaceable>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>
Set the minimum number of days between password changes to
<replaceable>MIN_DAYS</replaceable>. A value of zero for this field
indicates that the user may change his/her password at any time.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>
<option>-M</option>, <option>--maxdays</option> <replaceable>MAX_DAYS</replaceable>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>
Set the maximum number of days during which a password is valid.
When <replaceable>MAX_DAYS</replaceable> plus
<replaceable>LAST_DAY</replaceable> is less than the current
day, the user will be required to change his/her password before
being able to use his/her account. This occurrence can be planned for
in advance by use of the <option>-W</option> option, which
provides the user with advance warning.
</para>
<para>
Passing the number <emphasis remap='I'>-1</emphasis> as
<replaceable>MAX_DAYS</replaceable> will remove checking a
password's validity.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>
<option>-W</option>, <option>--warndays</option> <replaceable>WARN_DAYS</replaceable>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>
Set the number of days of warning before a password change is
required. The <replaceable>WARN_DAYS</replaceable> option is the
number of days prior to the password expiring that a user will
be warned his/her password is about to expire.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
<para>
If none of the options are selected, <command>chage</command> operates
in an interactive fashion, prompting the user with the current values
for all of the fields. Enter the new value to change the field, or
leave the line blank to use the current value. The current value is
displayed between a pair of <emphasis>[ ]</emphasis> marks.
</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1 id='note'>
<title>NOTE</title>
<para>
The <command>chage</command> program requires a shadow password file to
be available.
</para>
<para>The <command>chage</command> command is restricted to the root
user, except for the <option>-l</option> option, which may be used by
an unprivileged user to determine when his/her password or account is due
to expire.
</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1 id='files'>
<title>FILES</title>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term>
<filename>/etc/passwd</filename>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>User account information.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>
<filename>/etc/shadow</filename>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>Secure user account information.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
<refsect1 id='exit_values'>
<title>EXIT VALUES</title>
<para>
The <command>chage</command> command exits with the following values:
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><replaceable>0</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>success</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><replaceable>1</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>permission denied</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><replaceable>2</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>invalid command syntax</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><replaceable>15</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>can't find the shadow password file</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1 id='see_also'>
<title>SEE ALSO</title>
<para>
<citerefentry>
<refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
</citerefentry>,
<citerefentry>
<refentrytitle>shadow</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
</citerefentry>.
</para>
</refsect1>
</refentry>