busybox/coreutils/expr.c

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/* vi: set sw=4 ts=4: */
/*
* Mini expr implementation for busybox
*
* based on GNU expr Mike Parker.
* Copyright (C) 86, 1991-1997, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
*
* Busybox modifications
* Copyright (c) 2000 Edward Betts <edward@debian.org>.
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* Copyright (C) 2003-2005 Vladimir Oleynik <dzo@simtreas.ru>
* - reduced 464 bytes.
* - 64 math support
*
* Licensed under GPLv2 or later, see file LICENSE in this tarball for details.
*/
/* This program evaluates expressions. Each token (operator, operand,
* parenthesis) of the expression must be a separate argument. The
* parser used is a reasonably general one, though any incarnation of
* it is language-specific. It is especially nice for expressions.
*
* No parse tree is needed; a new node is evaluated immediately.
* One function can handle multiple operators all of equal precedence,
* provided they all associate ((x op x) op x). */
/* no getopt needed */
#include "busybox.h"
#include "xregex.h"
/* The kinds of value we can have. */
enum valtype {
integer,
string
};
typedef enum valtype TYPE;
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#if ENABLE_EXPR_MATH_SUPPORT_64
typedef int64_t arith_t;
#define PF_REZ "ll"
#define PF_REZ_TYPE (long long)
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#define STRTOL(s, e, b) strtoll(s, e, b)
#else
typedef long arith_t;
#define PF_REZ "l"
#define PF_REZ_TYPE (long)
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#define STRTOL(s, e, b) strtol(s, e, b)
#endif
/* A value is.... */
struct valinfo {
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TYPE type; /* Which kind. */
union { /* The value itself. */
arith_t i;
char *s;
} u;
};
typedef struct valinfo VALUE;
/* The arguments given to the program, minus the program name. */
static char **args;
static VALUE *docolon (VALUE *sv, VALUE *pv);
static VALUE *eval (void);
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static VALUE *int_value (arith_t i);
static VALUE *str_value (char *s);
static int nextarg (char *str);
static int null (VALUE *v);
static int toarith (VALUE *v);
static void freev (VALUE *v);
static void tostring (VALUE *v);
int expr_main (int argc, char **argv)
{
VALUE *v;
if (argc == 1) {
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bb_error_msg_and_die("too few arguments");
}
args = argv + 1;
v = eval ();
if (*args)
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bb_error_msg_and_die ("syntax error");
if (v->type == integer)
printf ("%" PF_REZ "d\n", PF_REZ_TYPE v->u.i);
else
puts (v->u.s);
exit (null (v));
}
/* Return a VALUE for I. */
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static VALUE *int_value (arith_t i)
{
VALUE *v;
v = xmalloc (sizeof(VALUE));
v->type = integer;
v->u.i = i;
return v;
}
/* Return a VALUE for S. */
static VALUE *str_value (char *s)
{
VALUE *v;
v = xmalloc(sizeof(VALUE));
v->type = string;
v->u.s = xstrdup(s);
return v;
}
/* Free VALUE V, including structure components. */
static void freev (VALUE *v)
{
if (v->type == string)
free (v->u.s);
free (v);
}
/* Return nonzero if V is a null-string or zero-number. */
static int null (VALUE *v)
{
switch (v->type) {
case integer:
return v->u.i == 0;
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default: /* string: */
return v->u.s[0] == '\0' || strcmp (v->u.s, "0") == 0;
}
}
/* Coerce V to a string value (can't fail). */
static void tostring (VALUE *v)
{
if (v->type == integer) {
v->u.s = xasprintf("%" PF_REZ "d", PF_REZ_TYPE v->u.i);
v->type = string;
}
}
/* Coerce V to an integer value. Return 1 on success, 0 on failure. */
static int toarith (VALUE *v)
{
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if(v->type == string) {
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arith_t i;
char *e;
/* Don't interpret the empty string as an integer. */
/* Currently does not worry about overflow or int/long differences. */
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i = STRTOL(v->u.s, &e, 10);
if ((v->u.s == e) || *e)
return 0;
free (v->u.s);
v->u.i = i;
v->type = integer;
}
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return 1;
}
/* Return nonzero if the next token matches STR exactly.
STR must not be NULL. */
static int
nextarg (char *str)
{
if (*args == NULL)
return 0;
return strcmp (*args, str) == 0;
}
/* The comparison operator handling functions. */
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static int cmp_common (VALUE *l, VALUE *r, int op)
{
int cmpval;
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if (l->type == string || r->type == string) {
tostring (l);
tostring (r);
cmpval = strcmp (l->u.s, r->u.s);
}
else
cmpval = l->u.i - r->u.i;
switch(op) {
case '<':
return cmpval < 0;
case ('L'+'E'):
return cmpval <= 0;
case '=':
return cmpval == 0;
case '!':
return cmpval != 0;
case '>':
return cmpval > 0;
default: /* >= */
return cmpval >= 0;
}
}
/* The arithmetic operator handling functions. */
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static arith_t arithmetic_common (VALUE *l, VALUE *r, int op)
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{
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arith_t li, ri;
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if (!toarith (l) || !toarith (r))
bb_error_msg_and_die ("non-numeric argument");
li = l->u.i;
ri = r->u.i;
if((op == '/' || op == '%') && ri == 0)
bb_error_msg_and_die ( "division by zero");
switch(op) {
case '+':
return li + ri;
case '-':
return li - ri;
case '*':
return li * ri;
case '/':
return li / ri;
default:
return li % ri;
}
}
/* Do the : operator.
SV is the VALUE for the lhs (the string),
PV is the VALUE for the rhs (the pattern). */
static VALUE *docolon (VALUE *sv, VALUE *pv)
{
VALUE *v;
regex_t re_buffer;
const int NMATCH = 2;
regmatch_t re_regs[NMATCH];
tostring (sv);
tostring (pv);
if (pv->u.s[0] == '^') {
fprintf (stderr, "\
warning: unportable BRE: `%s': using `^' as the first character\n\
of a basic regular expression is not portable; it is being ignored",
pv->u.s);
}
memset (&re_buffer, 0, sizeof (re_buffer));
memset (re_regs, 0, sizeof (*re_regs));
if( regcomp (&re_buffer, pv->u.s, 0) != 0 )
bb_error_msg_and_die("Invalid regular expression");
/* expr uses an anchored pattern match, so check that there was a
* match and that the match starts at offset 0. */
if (regexec (&re_buffer, sv->u.s, NMATCH, re_regs, 0) != REG_NOMATCH &&
re_regs[0].rm_so == 0) {
/* Were \(...\) used? */
if (re_buffer.re_nsub > 0) {
sv->u.s[re_regs[1].rm_eo] = '\0';
v = str_value (sv->u.s + re_regs[1].rm_so);
}
else
v = int_value (re_regs[0].rm_eo);
}
else {
/* Match failed -- return the right kind of null. */
if (re_buffer.re_nsub > 0)
v = str_value ("");
else
v = int_value (0);
}
return v;
}
/* Handle bare operands and ( expr ) syntax. */
static VALUE *eval7 (void)
{
VALUE *v;
if (!*args)
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bb_error_msg_and_die ( "syntax error");
if (nextarg ("(")) {
args++;
v = eval ();
if (!nextarg (")"))
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bb_error_msg_and_die ( "syntax error");
args++;
return v;
}
if (nextarg (")"))
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bb_error_msg_and_die ( "syntax error");
return str_value (*args++);
}
/* Handle match, substr, index, length, and quote keywords. */
static VALUE *eval6 (void)
{
VALUE *l, *r, *v, *i1, *i2;
if (nextarg ("quote")) {
args++;
if (!*args)
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bb_error_msg_and_die ( "syntax error");
return str_value (*args++);
}
else if (nextarg ("length")) {
args++;
r = eval6 ();
tostring (r);
v = int_value (strlen (r->u.s));
freev (r);
return v;
}
else if (nextarg ("match")) {
args++;
l = eval6 ();
r = eval6 ();
v = docolon (l, r);
freev (l);
freev (r);
return v;
}
else if (nextarg ("index")) {
args++;
l = eval6 ();
r = eval6 ();
tostring (l);
tostring (r);
v = int_value (strcspn (l->u.s, r->u.s) + 1);
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if (v->u.i == (arith_t) strlen (l->u.s) + 1)
v->u.i = 0;
freev (l);
freev (r);
return v;
}
else if (nextarg ("substr")) {
args++;
l = eval6 ();
i1 = eval6 ();
i2 = eval6 ();
tostring (l);
if (!toarith (i1) || !toarith (i2)
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|| i1->u.i > (arith_t) strlen (l->u.s)
|| i1->u.i <= 0 || i2->u.i <= 0)
v = str_value ("");
else {
v = xmalloc (sizeof(VALUE));
v->type = string;
v->u.s = xstrndup(l->u.s + i1->u.i - 1, i2->u.i);
}
freev (l);
freev (i1);
freev (i2);
return v;
}
else
return eval7 ();
}
/* Handle : operator (pattern matching).
Calls docolon to do the real work. */
static VALUE *eval5 (void)
{
VALUE *l, *r, *v;
l = eval6 ();
while (nextarg (":")) {
args++;
r = eval6 ();
v = docolon (l, r);
freev (l);
freev (r);
l = v;
}
return l;
}
/* Handle *, /, % operators. */
static VALUE *eval4 (void)
{
VALUE *l, *r;
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int op;
arith_t val;
l = eval5 ();
while (1) {
if (nextarg ("*"))
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op = '*';
else if (nextarg ("/"))
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op = '/';
else if (nextarg ("%"))
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op = '%';
else
return l;
args++;
r = eval5 ();
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val = arithmetic_common (l, r, op);
freev (l);
freev (r);
l = int_value (val);
}
}
/* Handle +, - operators. */
static VALUE *eval3 (void)
{
VALUE *l, *r;
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int op;
arith_t val;
l = eval4 ();
while (1) {
if (nextarg ("+"))
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op = '+';
else if (nextarg ("-"))
op = '-';
else
return l;
args++;
r = eval4 ();
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val = arithmetic_common (l, r, op);
freev (l);
freev (r);
l = int_value (val);
}
}
/* Handle comparisons. */
static VALUE *eval2 (void)
{
VALUE *l, *r;
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int op;
arith_t val;
l = eval3 ();
while (1) {
if (nextarg ("<"))
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op = '<';
else if (nextarg ("<="))
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op = 'L'+'E';
else if (nextarg ("=") || nextarg ("=="))
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op = '=';
else if (nextarg ("!="))
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op = '!';
else if (nextarg (">="))
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op = 'G'+'E';
else if (nextarg (">"))
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op = '>';
else
return l;
args++;
r = eval3 ();
toarith (l);
toarith (r);
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val = cmp_common (l, r, op);
freev (l);
freev (r);
l = int_value (val);
}
}
/* Handle &. */
static VALUE *eval1 (void)
{
VALUE *l, *r;
l = eval2 ();
while (nextarg ("&")) {
args++;
r = eval2 ();
if (null (l) || null (r)) {
freev (l);
freev (r);
l = int_value (0);
}
else
freev (r);
}
return l;
}
/* Handle |. */
static VALUE *eval (void)
{
VALUE *l, *r;
l = eval1 ();
while (nextarg ("|")) {
args++;
r = eval1 ();
if (null (l)) {
freev (l);
l = r;
}
else
freev (r);
}
return l;
}