busybox/shell
Ron Yorston a1b0d3856d ash: add process substitution in bash-compatibility mode
Process substitution is a Korn shell feature that's also available
in bash and some other shells.  This patch implements process
substitution in ash when ASH_BASH_COMPAT is enabled.

function                                             old     new   delta
argstr                                              1386    1522    +136
strtodest                                              -      52     +52
readtoken1                                          3346    3392     +46
.rodata                                           183206  183250     +44
unwindredir                                            -      28     +28
cmdloop                                              365     372      +7
static.spclchars                                      10      12      +2
cmdputs                                              380     367     -13
exitreset                                             86      69     -17
evalcommand                                         1754    1737     -17
varvalue                                             675     634     -41
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(add/remove: 2/0 grow/shrink: 5/4 up/down: 315/-88)           Total: 227 bytes
   text	   data	    bss	    dec	    hex	filename
 953967	   4219	   1904	 960090	  ea65a	busybox_old
 954192	   4219	   1904	 960315	  ea73b	busybox_unstripped

v2: Replace array of file descriptors with a linked list.
    Include tests that were unaccountably omitted from v1.
v3: Update linked list code to the intended version.
v4: Change order of conditional code in cmdputs().
v5: Use existing popredir() mechanism to manage file descriptors.
v6: Rebase to latest version of BusyBox ash.  Reduce code churn.

Signed-off-by: Ron Yorston <rmy@pobox.com>
Signed-off-by: Denys Vlasenko <vda.linux@googlemail.com>
2021-06-05 23:37:19 +02:00
..
ash_test ash: add process substitution in bash-compatibility mode 2021-06-05 23:37:19 +02:00
hush_test typo fix 2020-12-25 19:08:16 +01:00
ash_doc.txt
ash_ptr_hack.c
ash.c ash: add process substitution in bash-compatibility mode 2021-06-05 23:37:19 +02:00
brace.txt
Config.src nologin: make it possible to build it as single applet 2020-06-24 15:05:22 +02:00
cttyhack.c config: update size information 2018-12-28 03:20:17 +01:00
hush_doc.txt
hush_leaktool.sh
hush.c hush: beautify ^D handling to match ash / bash 2021-04-13 16:42:17 +02:00
Kbuild.src
match.c hush: fix a='a\\'; echo "${a%\\\\}" 2018-03-02 20:48:36 +01:00
match.h
math.c shell: remove FAST_FUNC from a static function 2020-10-01 00:57:05 +02:00
math.h shell: move all definitions of strto_arith_t() together 2019-05-26 14:02:10 +02:00
random.c whitespace fixes 2018-07-17 15:04:17 +02:00
random.h
README
README.job
shell_common.c shell: also do word splitting when -d DELIM is used 2021-06-05 18:06:47 +02:00
shell_common.h hush: fix "export PS1=xyz" and "local PS1=xyz" messing up prompt 2019-05-14 18:56:04 +02:00

http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/
Open Group Base Specifications Issue 7


http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/utilities/V3_chap01.html
Shell & Utilities

It says that any of the standard utilities may be implemented
as a regular shell built-in. It gives a list of utilities which
are usually implemented that way (and some of them can only
be implemented as built-ins, like "alias"):

alias
bg
cd
command
false
fc
fg
getopts
jobs
kill
newgrp
pwd
read
true
umask
unalias
wait


http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/utilities/V3_chap02.html
Shell Command Language

It says that shell must implement special built-ins. Special built-ins
differ from regular ones by the fact that variable assignments
done on special builtin are *PRESERVED*. That is,

VAR=VAL special_builtin; echo $VAR

should print VAL.

(Another distinction is that an error in special built-in should
abort the shell, but this is not such a critical difference,
and moreover, at least bash's "set" does not follow this rule,
which is even codified in autoconf configure logic now...)

List of special builtins:

. file
: [argument...]
break [n]
continue [n]
eval [argument...]
exec [command [argument...]]
exit [n]
export name[=word]...
export -p
readonly name[=word]...
readonly -p
return [n]
set [-abCefhmnuvx] [-o option] [argument...]
set [+abCefhmnuvx] [+o option] [argument...]
set -- [argument...]
set -o
set +o
shift [n]
times
trap n [condition...]
trap [action condition...]
unset [-fv] name...

In practice, no one uses this obscure feature - none of these builtins
gives any special reasons to play such dirty tricks.

However. This section also says that *function invocation* should act
similar to special built-in. That is, variable assignments
done on function invocation should be preserved after function invocation.

This is significant: it is not unthinkable to want to run a function
with some variables set to special values. But because of the above,
it does not work: variable will "leak" out of the function.