Remove rc-help.sh and replace with a man page for runscript 8.
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Roy Marples
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man/runscript.8
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373
man/runscript.8
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.\" Copyright 2007 Roy Marples
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.\" All rights reserved
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.Dd Dec 20, 2007
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.Dt RUNSCRIPT 8 SMM
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.Os OpenRC
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm runscript
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.Nd a means of hooking shell commands into a service
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm
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.Op Fl D , -nodeps
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.Op Fl d , -debug
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.Op Fl s , -ifstarted
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.Op Ar command ...
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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.Nm
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is basically an interpreter for shell scripts which provide an easy interface
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to the often complex system commands and daemons.
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When a service runs a command it first loads it's mulitplexed configuration
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file, then it's master configuration file, then
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.Pa /etc/rc.conf
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and finally the script itself. At this point
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.Nm
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then runs the command given.
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.Pp
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Commands are defined as shell functions within the script. Here is a list of
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some functions that all runscripts have by default:
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.Bl -tag -width "RC_DEFAULTLEVEL"
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.It Ar describe
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Describes what the service does and each command the service defines.
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.It Ar start
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First we ensure that any services we depend on are started. If any needed
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services fail to start then we exit with a suitable error, otherwise call the
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supplied start function if it exists.
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.It Ar stop
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First we ensure that any services that depend on us are stopped. If any
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services that need us fail to stop then we exit with a suitable error,
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otherwise call the supplied stop function if it exists.
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.It Ar restart
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Stop and start the service, including dependencies.
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.It Ar status
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Show the status of the service. The return code matches the status, with the
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exception of "started" returning 0 to match standard command behaviour.
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.It Ar zap
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Resets the service state to stopped and removes all saved data about the
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service.
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.El
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.Pp
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The following options affect how the service is run:
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.Bl -tag -width "RC_DEFAULTLEVEL"
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.It Fl d , -debug
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Set xtrace on in the shell to assist in debugging.
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.It Fl D , -nodeps
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Ignore all dependency information the service supplies.
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.It Fl s , -ifstarted
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Only run the command if the service has been started.
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.It Fl q , -quiet
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Turns off all informational output the service generates.
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Output from any non OpenRC comands is not affected.
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.It Fl v , -verbose
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Turns on any extra informational output the service generates.
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.El
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.Pp
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The following variables affect the service script:
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.Bl -tag -width "RC_DEFAULTLEVEL"
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.It Ar extra_commands
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Space seperated list of extra commands the service defines.
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.It Ar extra_started_commands
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Space seperated list of extra commands the service defines. These only work if
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the service has already been started.
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.It Ar description
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String describing the service.
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.It Ar description_$command
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String describing the extra command the.
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.It Ar command
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Daemon to start or stop via
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.Nm start-stop-daemon
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if no start or stop function is defined by the service.
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.It Ar command_args
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List of arguments to pass to the daemon when starting.
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.It Ar pidfile
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Pidfile to use for the above defined command.
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.It Ar name
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Display name used for the above defined command.
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.El
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.Sh DEPENDENCIES
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You should define a
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.Ic depend
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function for the service so that
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.Nm
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will start and stop it in the right order in relation to other services.
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As it's a function it can be very flexable, see the example below.
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Here is a list of the functions you can use in a
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.Ic depend
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function. You simply pass the names of the services to it.
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.Bl -tag -width "RC_DEFAULTLEVEL"
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.It Ic need
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The service will refuse to start until needed services have started and it
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will refuse to stop until any services that need it have stopped.
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.It Ic use
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The service will attempt to start any services we use that have been added
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to the runlevel.
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.It Ic after
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The service will start after thse services and stop before these services.
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.It Ic before
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The service will start before these services and stop after these services.
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.It Ic provide
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We provide this virtual service. For example, named provides dns.
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.It Ic config
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We should recalculate our dependencies if the listed files have changed.
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.It Ic keywords
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Tags a service with a keyword. Currently the only keyword is notimeout
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which means that services do not time out waiting for that service, which only
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applies when services are enabled to start and stop in parallel.
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.El
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.Sh BUILTINS
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.Nm
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defines some builtin functions that you can use inside your service scripts:
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.Bl -tag -width indent
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.It Ic einfo Op Ar string
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Output a green asterisk followed by the string.
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.It Ic ewarn Op Ar string
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Output a yellow asterisk followed by the string.
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.It Ic eerror Op Ar string
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Output a red asterisk followed by the string to stderr.
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.It Ic ebegin Op Ar string
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Same as einfo, but append 3 dots to the end.
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.It Ic eend Ar retval Op Ar string
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If
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.Ar retval
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does not equal 0 then output the string using
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.Ic eerror
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and !! in square brackets
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at the end of the line. Otherwise output ok in square brackets at the end of
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the line. The value of
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.Ar retval
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is returned.
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.It Ic ewend Ar retval Op Ar string
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Same as
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.Ic eend ,
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but use
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.Ic ewarn
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instead of
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.Ic eerror .
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.El
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.Pp
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You can prefix the above commands with the letter
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.Ic v ,
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which means they only
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output when the environment variable
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.Va EINFO_VERBOSE
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is true.
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.Bl -tag -width indent
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.It Ic service_set_value Ar name Ar value
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Saves the
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.Ar name
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.Ar value
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for later retrieval. Saved values are lost when the service stops.
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.It Ic service_get_value Ar name
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Returns the saved value called
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.Ar name .
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.It Ic service_started Op Ar service
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If the service is started, return 0 otherwise 1.
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.It Ic service_starting Op Ar service
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If the service is starting, return 0 otherwise 1.
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.It Ic service_inactive Op Ar service
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If the service is inactive, return 0 otherwise 1.
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.It Ic service_stopping Op Ar service
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If the service is stopping, return 0 otherwise 1.
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.It Ic service_stopped Op Ar service
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If the service is stopped, return 0 otherwise 1.
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.It Ic service_coldplugged Op Ar service
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If the service is coldplugged, return 0 otherwise 1.
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.It Ic service_wasinactive Op Ar service
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If the service was inactive, return 0 otherwise 1.
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.It Xo
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.Ic service_started_daemon
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.Op Ar service
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.Ar daemon
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.Op Ar index
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.Xc
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If the service has started the daemon using
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.Nm start-stop-daemon ,
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return 0 otherwise 1.
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If an index is specified, it has to be the nth daemon started by the service.
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.It Ic mark_service_started Op Ar service
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Mark the service as started.
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.It Ic mark_service_starting Op Ar service
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Mark the service as starting.
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.It Ic mark_service_inactive Op Ar service
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Mark the service as inactive.
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.It Ic mark_service_stopping Op Ar service
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Mark the service as stopping.
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.It Ic mark_service_stopped Op Ar service
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Mark the service as stopped.
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.It Ic mark_service_coldplugged Op Ar service
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Mark the service as coldplugged.
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.It Ic mark_service_wasinactive Op Ar service
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Mark the service as inactive.
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.It Xo
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.Ic checkpath
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.Op Fl d , -directory
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.Op Fl f , -file
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.Op Fl m , -mode Ar mode
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.Op Fl o , owner Ar owner
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.Ar path ...
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.Xc
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Checks to see if the path exists, is of the right type, owned by the right
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people and has the correct access modes. If not, then it corrects the path.
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.El
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.Sh ENVIRONMENT
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.Nm
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sets the following environment variables for use in the service scripts:
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.Bl -tag -width "RC_DEFAULTLEVEL"
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.It Va SVCNAME
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Name of the service.
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.It Va RC_SOFTLEVEL
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Current runlevel that rc is in.
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.It Va RC_BOOTLEVEL
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Boot runlevel chosen. Default is boot.
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.It Va RC_DEFAULTLEVEL
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Default runlevel chosen. Default is default.
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.It Va RC_SYS
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A special variable to describe the system more.
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Possible values are XENU, XEN0, UML and VPS.
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.It Va RC_UNAME
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The result of `uname -s`.
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.El
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.Sh FILES
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.Pp
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Configuration files, relative to the location of the service.
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If a file ending with .${RC_SOFTLEVEL} exists then we use that instead.
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.Bl -ohang
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.It Pa ../conf.d/${SVCNAME%%.*}
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mulitplexed configuration file.
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Example: if ${SVCNAME} is net.eth1 then look for
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.Pa ../conf.d/net .
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.It Pa ../conf.d/${SVCNAME}
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service configuration file.
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.It Pa /etc/rc.conf
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host configuration file.
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.El
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.Pp
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With the exception of
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.Pa /etc/rc.conf ,
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the configuration files can also influence the dependencies of the service
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through variables. Simply prefix the name of the dependency with rc_.
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Example:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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# Whilst most services don't bind to a specific interface, our
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# openvpn configuration requires a specific interface, namely bge0.
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rc_need="net.bge0"
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.Ed
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.Sh EXAMPLES
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.Pp
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An example service script for foo.
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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#!/sbin/runscript
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command=/usr/bin/foo
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command_args="${foo_args} --bar"
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pidfile=/var/run/foo.pid
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name="FooBar Daemon"
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description="FooBar is a daemon that eats and drinks"
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extra_commands="show"
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extra_started_commands="drink eat"
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description_drink="Opens mouth and reflexively swallows"
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description_eat="Chews food in mouth"
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description_show="Shows what's in the tummy"
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_need_dbus() {
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grep -q dbus /etc/foo/plugins
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}
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depend() {
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# We write a pidfile and to /var/cache, so we need localmount.
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need localmount
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# We can optionally use the network, but it's not essential.
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use net
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# We should be after bootmisc so that /var/run is cleaned before
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# we put our pidfile there.
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after bootmisc
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# Foo may use a dbus plugin.
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# However, if we add the dbus plugin whilst foo is running and
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# stop dbus, we don't need to stop foo as foo didn't use dbus.
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config /etc/foo/plugins
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local _need=
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if service_started; then
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_need=`service_get_value need`
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else
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if _need_dbus; then
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_need="${_need} dbus"
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fi
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fi
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need ${_need}
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}
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start_pre() {
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# Ensure that our dirs are correct
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checkpath --dir --owner foo:foo --mode 0664 \\
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/var/run/foo /var/cache/foo
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}
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start_post() {
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# Save our need
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if _need_dbus; then
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service_set_value need dbus
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fi
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}
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stop_post() {
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# Clean any spills
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rm -rf /var/cache/foo/*
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}
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drink() {
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ebegin "Starting to drink"
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${command} --drink beer
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eend $? "Failed to drink any beer :("
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}
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eat() {
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local result=0 retval= ate= food=
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ebegin "Starting to eat"
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for food in /usr/share/food/*; do
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veinfo "Eating `basename ${food}`"
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${command} --eat ${food}
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retval=$?
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: $((${result} += ${retval}))
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[ ${retval} = 0 ] && ate="${ate} `basename ${food}`"
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done
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if eend ${result} "Failed to eat all the food"; then
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service_set_value ate "${ate}"
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fi
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}
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show() {
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einfo "Foo has eaten: `service_get_value ate`"
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}
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.Ed
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr rc 8 ,
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.Xr rc-status 8 ,
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.Xr rc-update 8 ,
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.Xr sh 1p ,
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.Xr start-stop-daemon 8 ,
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.Xr uname 1
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.Sh AUTHORS
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.An "Roy Marples" Aq roy@marples.name
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