openrc/src/rc/rc.c

/*
 * rc.c
 * rc - manager for init scripts which control the startup, shutdown
 * and the running of daemons.
 *
 * Also a multicall binary for various commands that can be used in shell
 * scripts to query service state, mark service state and provide the
 * einfo family of informational functions.
 */

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2007-2009 Roy Marples <roy@marples.name>
 * All rights reserved

 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

const char rc_copyright[] = "Copyright (c) 2007-2008 Roy Marples";

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/utsname.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>

#include <errno.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <getopt.h>
#include <libgen.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <pwd.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <strings.h>
#include <termios.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#include "builtins.h"
#include "einfo.h"
#include "rc.h"
#include "rc-logger.h"
#include "rc-misc.h"
#include "rc-plugin.h"

#include "version.h"

#define INITSH                  RC_LIBEXECDIR "/sh/init.sh"
#define INITEARLYSH             RC_LIBEXECDIR "/sh/init-early.sh"

#define SHUTDOWN                "/sbin/shutdown"
#define SULOGIN                 "/sbin/sulogin"

#define INTERACTIVE             RC_SVCDIR "/interactive"

#define DEVBOOT			"/dev/.rcboot"

const char *applet = NULL;
static char *runlevel;
static RC_STRINGLIST *hotplugged_services;
static RC_STRINGLIST *stop_services;
static RC_STRINGLIST *start_services;
static RC_STRINGLIST *types_n;
static RC_STRINGLIST *types_nua;
static RC_DEPTREE *deptree;
static RC_HOOK hook_out;

struct termios *termios_orig = NULL;

RC_PIDLIST service_pids;

static void
clean_failed(void)
{
	DIR *dp;
	struct dirent *d;
	size_t l;
	char *path;

	/* Clean the failed services state dir now */
	if ((dp = opendir(RC_SVCDIR "/failed"))) {
		while ((d = readdir(dp))) {
			if (d->d_name[0] == '.' &&
			    (d->d_name[1] == '\0' ||
				(d->d_name[1] == '.' && d->d_name[2] == '\0')))
				continue;

			l = strlen(RC_SVCDIR "/failed/") +
			    strlen(d->d_name) + 1;
			path = xmalloc(sizeof(char) * l);
			snprintf(path, l, RC_SVCDIR "/failed/%s", d->d_name);
			if (path) {
				if (unlink(path))
					eerror("%s: unlink `%s': %s",
					    applet, path, strerror(errno));
				free(path);
			}
		}
		closedir(dp);
	}
}

static void
cleanup(void)
{
#ifdef DEBUG_MEMORY
	RC_PID *p1 = LIST_FIRST(&service_pids);
	RC_PID *p2;
#endif

	if (!rc_in_logger && !rc_in_plugin &&
	    applet && strcmp(applet, "rc") == 0)
	{
		if (hook_out)
			rc_plugin_run(hook_out, runlevel);

		rc_plugin_unload();

		if (termios_orig) {
			tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO, TCSANOW, termios_orig);
			free(termios_orig);
		}

		/* Clean runlevel start, stop markers */
		rmdir(RC_STARTING);
		rmdir(RC_STOPPING);
		clean_failed();
		rc_logger_close();
	}

#ifdef DEBUG_MEMORY
	while (p1) {
		p2 = LIST_NEXT(p1, entries); 
		free(p1);
		p1 = p2;
	}

	rc_stringlist_free(hotplugged_services);
	rc_stringlist_free(stop_services);
	rc_stringlist_free(start_services);
	rc_stringlist_free(types_n);
	rc_stringlist_free(types_nua);
	rc_deptree_free(deptree);
	free(runlevel);
#endif
}

#ifdef __linux__
static char *
proc_getent(const char *ent)
{
	FILE *fp;
	char *proc, *p, *value = NULL;
	size_t i;

	if (!exists("/proc/cmdline"))
		return NULL;

	if (!(fp = fopen("/proc/cmdline", "r"))) {
		eerror("failed to open `/proc/cmdline': %s", strerror(errno));
		return NULL;
	}

	proc = NULL;
	i = 0;
	if (rc_getline(&proc, &i, fp) == -1 || proc == NULL)
		eerror("rc_getline: %s", strerror(errno));
	if (*proc && (p = strstr(proc, ent))) {
		i = p - proc;
		if (i == '\0' || proc[i - 1] == ' ') {
			p += strlen(ent);
			if (*p == '=')
				p++;
			value = xstrdup(strsep(&p, " "));
		}
	} else
		errno = ENOENT;
	fclose(fp);
	free(proc);

	return value;
}
#endif

static char
read_key(bool block)
{
	struct termios termios;
	char c = 0;
	int fd = STDIN_FILENO;

	if (!isatty(fd))
		return false;

	/* Now save our terminal settings. We need to restore them at exit as
	   we will be changing it for non-blocking reads for Interactive */
	if (!termios_orig) {
		termios_orig = xmalloc(sizeof(*termios_orig));
		tcgetattr(fd, termios_orig);
	}

	tcgetattr(fd, &termios);
	termios.c_lflag &= ~(ICANON | ECHO);
	if (block)
		termios.c_cc[VMIN] = 1;
	else {
		termios.c_cc[VMIN] = 0;
		termios.c_cc[VTIME] = 0;
	}
	tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &termios);
	if (read(fd, &c, 1) == -1)
		eerror("read: %s", strerror(errno));
	tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, termios_orig);
	return c;
}

static bool
want_interactive(void)
{
	char c;
	static bool gotinteractive;
	static bool interactive;

	if (rc_yesno(getenv("EINFO_QUIET")))
		return false;
	if (!gotinteractive) {
		gotinteractive = true;
		interactive = rc_conf_yesno("rc_interactive");
	}
	if (!interactive)
		return false;
	c = read_key(false);
	return (c == 'I' || c == 'i') ? true : false;
}

static void
mark_interactive(void)
{
	FILE *fp = fopen(INTERACTIVE, "w");
	if (fp)
		fclose(fp);
}

static void
run_program(const char *prog)
{
	struct sigaction sa;
	sigset_t full;
	sigset_t old;
	pid_t pid;

	/* We need to block signals until we have forked */
	memset(&sa, 0, sizeof(sa));
	sa.sa_handler = SIG_DFL;
	sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
	sigfillset(&full);
	sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &full, &old);
	pid = fork();

	if (pid == -1)
		eerrorx("%s: fork: %s", applet, strerror(errno));
	if (pid == 0) {
		/* Restore default handlers */
		sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sa, NULL);
		sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa, NULL);
		sigaction(SIGINT, &sa, NULL);
		sigaction(SIGQUIT, &sa, NULL);
		sigaction(SIGTERM, &sa, NULL);
		sigaction(SIGUSR1, &sa, NULL);
		sigaction(SIGWINCH, &sa, NULL);

		/* Unmask signals */
		sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &old, NULL);

		if (termios_orig)
			tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO, TCSANOW, termios_orig);

		execl(prog, prog, (char *)NULL);
		eerror("%s: unable to exec `%s': %s", applet, prog,
		    strerror(errno));
		_exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}

	/* Unmask signals and wait for child */
	sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &old, NULL);
	if (rc_waitpid(pid) == -1)
		eerrorx("%s: failed to exec `%s'", applet, prog);
}

static void
open_shell(void)
{
	const char *shell;
	struct passwd *pw;
	
#ifdef __linux__
	const char *sys = rc_sys();

	/* VSERVER and OPENVZ systems cannot really drop to shells */
	if (sys &&
	    (strcmp(sys, "VSERVER") == 0 || strcmp(sys, "OPENVZ") == 0))
	{
		execl("/sbin/halt", "/sbin/halt", "-f", (char *) NULL);
		eerrorx("%s: unable to exec `/sbin/halt': %s",
		    applet, strerror(errno));
	}
#endif

	shell = rc_conf_value("rc_shell");
	/* No shell set, so obey env, then passwd, then default to /bin/sh */
	if (shell == NULL) {
		shell = getenv("SHELL");
		if (shell == NULL) {
			pw = getpwuid(getuid());
			if (pw)
				shell = pw->pw_shell;
			if (shell == NULL)
				shell = "/bin/sh";
		}
	}
	run_program(shell);
}

_dead static void
single_user(void)
{
	rc_logger_close();
	execl(SHUTDOWN, SHUTDOWN, "now", (char *) NULL);
	eerrorx("%s: unable to exec `" SHUTDOWN "': %s",
	    applet, strerror(errno));
}

static bool
set_krunlevel(const char *level)
{
	FILE *fp;

	if (!level ||
	    strcmp(level, getenv ("RC_BOOTLEVEL")) == 0 ||
	    strcmp(level, RC_LEVEL_SINGLE) == 0 ||
	    strcmp(level, RC_LEVEL_SYSINIT) == 0)
	{
		if (exists(RC_KRUNLEVEL) &&
		    unlink(RC_KRUNLEVEL) != 0)
			eerror("unlink `%s': %s", RC_KRUNLEVEL,
			    strerror(errno));
		return false;
	}

	if (!(fp = fopen(RC_KRUNLEVEL, "w"))) {
		eerror("fopen `%s': %s", RC_KRUNLEVEL, strerror(errno));
		return false;
	}

	fprintf(fp, "%s", level);
	fclose(fp);
	return true;
}

static int
get_krunlevel(char *buffer, int buffer_len)
{
	FILE *fp;
	int i = 0;

	if (!exists(RC_KRUNLEVEL))
		return 0;
	if (!(fp = fopen(RC_KRUNLEVEL, "r"))) {
		eerror("fopen `%s': %s", RC_KRUNLEVEL, strerror(errno));
		return 0;
	}

	if (fgets(buffer, buffer_len, fp)) {
		i = strlen(buffer);
		if (buffer[i - 1] == '\n')
			buffer[i - 1] = 0;
	}
	fclose(fp);
	return i;
}

static void
add_pid(pid_t pid)
{
	RC_PID *p = xmalloc(sizeof(*p));
	p->pid = pid;
	LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&service_pids, p, entries);
}

static void
remove_pid(pid_t pid)
{
	RC_PID *p;

	LIST_FOREACH(p, &service_pids, entries)
	    if (p->pid == pid) {
		    LIST_REMOVE(p, entries);
		    free(p);
		    return;
	    }
}

static void
wait_for_services(void)
{
	for (;;) {
		while (waitpid(0, 0, 0) != -1)
			;
		if (errno != EINTR)
			break;
	}
}

static void
handle_signal(int sig)
{
	int serrno = errno;
	char signame[10] = { '\0' };
	pid_t pid;
	RC_PID *pi;
	int status = 0;
	struct winsize ws;
	sigset_t sset;

	switch (sig) {
	case SIGCHLD:
		do {
			pid = waitpid(-1, &status, WNOHANG);
			if (pid < 0) {
				if (errno != ECHILD)
					eerror("waitpid: %s", strerror(errno));
				return;
			}
		} while (!WIFEXITED(status) && !WIFSIGNALED(status));

		/* Remove that pid from our list */
		if (pid > 0)
			remove_pid(pid);
		break;

	case SIGWINCH:
		if (rc_logger_tty >= 0) {
			ioctl(STDIN_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws);
			ioctl(rc_logger_tty, TIOCSWINSZ, &ws);
		}
		break;

	case SIGINT:
		if (!signame[0])
			snprintf(signame, sizeof(signame), "SIGINT");
		/* FALLTHROUGH */
	case SIGTERM:
		if (!signame[0])
			snprintf(signame, sizeof(signame), "SIGTERM");
		/* FALLTHROUGH */
	case SIGQUIT:
		if (!signame[0])
			snprintf(signame, sizeof(signame), "SIGQUIT");
		eerrorx("%s: caught %s, aborting", applet, signame);
		/* NOTREACHED */
	case SIGUSR1:
		eerror("rc: Aborting!");

		/* Block child signals */
		sigemptyset(&sset);
		sigaddset(&sset, SIGCHLD);
		sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &sset, NULL);

		/* Kill any running services we have started */
		LIST_FOREACH(pi, &service_pids, entries)
		    kill(pi->pid, SIGTERM);

		/* Notify plugins we are aborting */
		rc_plugin_run(RC_HOOK_ABORT, NULL);

		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
		/* NOTREACHED */

	default:
		eerror("%s: caught unknown signal %d", applet, sig);
	}

	/* Restore errno */
	errno = serrno;
}

static void
do_sysinit()
{
	struct utsname uts;
	const char *sys;

	/* exec init-early.sh if it exists
	 * This should just setup the console to use the correct
	 * font. Maybe it should setup the keyboard too? */
	if (exists(INITEARLYSH))
		run_program(INITEARLYSH);

	uname(&uts);
	printf("\n   %sOpenRC %s" VERSION "%s is starting up %s",
	    ecolor(ECOLOR_GOOD), ecolor(ECOLOR_HILITE),
	    ecolor(ECOLOR_NORMAL), ecolor(ECOLOR_BRACKET));
#ifdef BRANDING
	printf(BRANDING " (%s)", uts.machine);
#else
	printf("%s %s (%s)",
	    uts.sysname,
	    uts.release,
	    uts.machine);
#endif

	if ((sys = rc_sys()))
		printf(" [%s]", sys);

	printf("%s\n\n", ecolor(ECOLOR_NORMAL));

	if (!rc_yesno(getenv ("EINFO_QUIET")) &&
	    rc_conf_yesno("rc_interactive"))
		printf("Press %sI%s to enter interactive boot mode\n\n",
		    ecolor(ECOLOR_GOOD), ecolor(ECOLOR_NORMAL));

	setenv("RC_RUNLEVEL", RC_LEVEL_SYSINIT, 1);
	run_program(INITSH);

	/* init may have mounted /proc so we can now detect or real
	 * sys */
	if ((sys = rc_sys()))
		setenv("RC_SYS", sys, 1);
}

static bool
runlevel_config(const char *service, const char *level)
{
	char *init = rc_service_resolve(service);
	char *conf, *dir;
	size_t l;
	bool retval;

	dir = dirname(init);
	dir = dirname(init);
	l = strlen(dir) + strlen(level) + strlen(service) + 10;
	conf = xmalloc(sizeof(char) * l);
	snprintf(conf, l, "%s/conf.d/%s.%s", dir, service, level);
	retval = exists(conf);
	free(conf);
	free(init);
	return retval;
}

static void
do_stop_services(const char *newlevel, bool parallel, bool going_down)
{
	pid_t pid;
	RC_STRING *service, *svc1, *svc2;
	RC_STRINGLIST *deporder, *tmplist, *kwords;
	RC_SERVICE state;
	RC_STRINGLIST *nostop;
	bool crashed, nstop;

	if (!types_n) {
		types_n = rc_stringlist_new();
		rc_stringlist_add(types_n, "needsme");
	}

	crashed = rc_conf_yesno("rc_crashed_stop");
	
	nostop = rc_stringlist_split(rc_conf_value("rc_nostop"), " ");
	TAILQ_FOREACH_REVERSE(service, stop_services, rc_stringlist, entries)
	{
		state = rc_service_state(service->value);
		if (state & RC_SERVICE_STOPPED || state & RC_SERVICE_FAILED)
			continue;

		/* Sometimes we don't ever want to stop a service. */
		if (rc_stringlist_find(nostop, service->value)) {
			rc_service_mark(service->value, RC_SERVICE_FAILED);
			continue;
		}
		kwords = rc_deptree_depend(deptree, service->value, "keyword");
		if (rc_stringlist_find(kwords, "-stop") ||
		    rc_stringlist_find(kwords, "nostop") ||
		    (going_down &&
			(rc_stringlist_find(kwords, "-shutdown") ||
			    rc_stringlist_find(kwords, "noshutdown"))))
			nstop = true;
		else
			nstop = false;
		rc_stringlist_free(kwords);
		if (nstop) {
			rc_service_mark(service->value, RC_SERVICE_FAILED);
			continue;
		}

		/* If the service has crashed, skip futher checks and just stop
		   it */
		if (crashed &&
		    rc_service_daemons_crashed(service->value))
			goto stop;

		/* If we're in the start list then don't bother stopping us */
		svc1 = rc_stringlist_find(start_services, service->value);
		if (svc1) {
			if (newlevel && strcmp(runlevel, newlevel) != 0) {
				/* So we're in the start list. But we should
				 * be stopped if we have a runlevel
				 * configuration file for either the current
				 * or next so we use the correct one. */
				if (!runlevel_config(service->value,runlevel) &&
				    !runlevel_config(service->value,newlevel))
					continue;
			}
			else
				continue;
		}

		/* We got this far. Last check is to see if any any service
		 * that going to be started depends on us */
		if (!svc1) {
			tmplist = rc_stringlist_new();
			rc_stringlist_add(tmplist, service->value);
			deporder = rc_deptree_depends(deptree, types_n,
			    tmplist, newlevel ? newlevel : runlevel,
			    RC_DEP_STRICT | RC_DEP_TRACE);
			rc_stringlist_free(tmplist);
			svc2 = NULL;
			TAILQ_FOREACH(svc1, deporder, entries) {
				svc2 = rc_stringlist_find(start_services,
				    svc1->value);
				if (svc2)
					break;
			}
			rc_stringlist_free(deporder);

			if (svc2)
				continue;
		}

stop:
		/* After all that we can finally stop the blighter! */
		pid = service_stop(service->value);
		if (pid > 0) {
			add_pid(pid);
			if (!parallel) {
				rc_waitpid(pid);
				remove_pid(pid);
			}
		}
	}

	rc_stringlist_free(nostop);
}

static void
do_start_services(bool parallel)
{
	RC_STRING *service;
	pid_t pid;
	bool interactive = false;
	RC_SERVICE state;
	bool crashed = false;

	if (!rc_yesno(getenv("EINFO_QUIET")))
		interactive = exists(INTERACTIVE);
	errno = 0;
	crashed = rc_conf_yesno("rc_crashed_start");
	if (errno == ENOENT)
		crashed = true;

	TAILQ_FOREACH(service, start_services, entries) {
		state = rc_service_state(service->value);
		if (state & RC_SERVICE_FAILED)
			continue;
		if (!(state & RC_SERVICE_STOPPED)) {
			if (crashed &&
			    rc_service_daemons_crashed(service->value))
				rc_service_mark(service->value,
				    RC_SERVICE_STOPPED);
			else
			    continue;
		}
		if (!interactive)
			interactive = want_interactive();

		if (interactive) {
	interactive_retry:
			printf("\n");
			einfo("About to start the service %s",
			    service->value);
			eindent();
			einfo("1) Start the service\t\t2) Skip the service");
			einfo("3) Continue boot process\t\t4) Exit to shell");
			eoutdent();
	interactive_option:
			switch (read_key(true)) {
			case '1': break;
			case '2': continue;
			case '3': interactive = false; break;
			case '4': open_shell(); goto interactive_retry;
			default: goto interactive_option;
			}
		}

		pid = service_start(service->value);
		/* Remember the pid if we're running in parallel */
		if (pid > 0) {
			add_pid(pid);
			if (!parallel) {
				rc_waitpid(pid);
				remove_pid(pid);
			}
		}
	}

	/* Store our interactive status for boot */
	if (interactive &&
	    (strcmp(runlevel, RC_LEVEL_SYSINIT) == 0 ||
		strcmp(runlevel, getenv("RC_BOOTLEVEL")) == 0))
		mark_interactive();
	else {
		if (exists(INTERACTIVE))
			unlink(INTERACTIVE);
	}

}

#ifdef RC_DEBUG
static void
handle_bad_signal(int sig)
{
	char pid[10];
	int status;
	pid_t crashed_pid = getpid();

	switch (fork()) {
	case -1:
		_exit(sig);
		/* NOTREACHED */
	case 0:
		sprintf(pid, "%i", crashed_pid);
		printf("\nAuto launching gdb!\n\n");
		_exit(execlp("gdb", "gdb", "--quiet", "--pid", pid,
			"-ex", "bt full", NULL));
		/* NOTREACHED */
	default:
		wait(&status);
	}
	_exit(1);
	/* NOTREACHED */
}
#endif

#include "_usage.h"
#define getoptstring "o:" getoptstring_COMMON
static const struct option longopts[] = {
	{ "override", 1, NULL, 'o' },
	{ "service",  1, NULL, 's' },
	{ "sys",      0, NULL, 'S' },
	longopts_COMMON
};
static const char * const longopts_help[] = {
	"override the next runlevel to change into\n"
	"when leaving single user or boot runlevels",
	"runs the service specified with the rest\nof the arguments",
	"output the RC system type, if any",
	longopts_help_COMMON
};
#include "_usage.c"

int
main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	const char *bootlevel = NULL;
	char *newlevel = NULL;
	RC_STRINGLIST *deporder = NULL;
	RC_STRINGLIST *tmplist;
	RC_STRING *service;
	bool going_down = false;
	int depoptions = RC_DEP_STRICT | RC_DEP_TRACE;
	char krunlevel [PATH_MAX];
	char pidstr[10];
	int opt;
	bool parallel;
	int regen = 0;
#ifdef __linux__
	char *proc;
	char *p;
	char *token;
#endif

#ifdef RC_DEBUG
	signal_setup(SIGBUS, handle_bad_signal);
	signal_setup(SIGILL, handle_bad_signal);
	signal_setup(SIGSEGV, handle_bad_signal);
#endif

	applet = basename_c(argv[0]);
	LIST_INIT(&service_pids);
	atexit(cleanup);
	if (!applet)
		eerrorx("arguments required");

	if (argc > 1 && (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0)) {
		printf("%s (OpenRC", applet);
		if ((bootlevel = rc_sys()))
			printf(" [%s]", bootlevel);
		printf(") " VERSION
#ifdef BRANDING
		    " (" BRANDING ")"
#endif
		    "\n");
		exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
	}

	/* Run our built in applets. If we ran one, we don't return. */
	run_applets(argc, argv);

	argc--;
	argv++;

	/* Change dir to / to ensure all scripts don't use stuff in pwd */
	if (chdir("/") == -1)
		eerror("chdir: %s", strerror(errno));

	/* Ensure our environment is pure
	 * Also, add our configuration to it */
	env_filter();
	env_config();

	argc++;
	argv--;
	while ((opt = getopt_long(argc, argv, getoptstring,
		    longopts, (int *) 0)) != -1)
	{
		switch (opt) {
		case 'o':
			if (*optarg == '\0')
				optarg = NULL;
			if (!rc_runlevel_exists(optarg)) {
				eerror("runlevel `%s' does not exist", optarg);
				exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
			}
			if (!set_krunlevel(optarg))
				exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
			einfo("Overriding next runlevel to %s", optarg);
			exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
			/* NOTREACHED */
		case 's':
			newlevel = rc_service_resolve(optarg);
			if (!newlevel)
				eerrorx("%s: service `%s' does not exist",
				    applet, optarg);
			argv += optind - 1;
			*argv = newlevel;
			execv(*argv, argv);
			eerrorx("%s: %s", applet, strerror(errno));
			/* NOTREACHED */
		case 'S':
			bootlevel = rc_sys();
			if (bootlevel)
				printf("%s\n", bootlevel);
			exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
			/* NOTREACHED */
			case_RC_COMMON_GETOPT
			    }
	}

	newlevel = argv[optind++];
	/* To make life easier, we only have the shutdown runlevel as
	 * nothing really needs to know that we're rebooting.
	 * But for those that do, you can test against RC_REBOOT. */
	if (newlevel) {
		if (strcmp(newlevel, "reboot") == 0) {
			newlevel = UNCONST(RC_LEVEL_SHUTDOWN);
			setenv("RC_REBOOT", "YES", 1);
		}
	}

	/* Enable logging */
	setenv("EINFO_LOG", "rc", 1);

	/* Export our PID */
	snprintf(pidstr, sizeof(pidstr), "%d", getpid());
	setenv("RC_PID", pidstr, 1);

	/* Load current runlevel */
	bootlevel = getenv("RC_BOOTLEVEL");
	runlevel = rc_runlevel_get();

	rc_logger_open(newlevel ? newlevel : runlevel);

	/* Setup a signal handler */
	signal_setup(SIGINT, handle_signal);
	signal_setup(SIGQUIT, handle_signal);
	signal_setup(SIGTERM, handle_signal);
	signal_setup(SIGUSR1, handle_signal);
	signal_setup(SIGWINCH, handle_signal);

	/* Run any special sysinit foo */
	if (newlevel && strcmp(newlevel, RC_LEVEL_SYSINIT) == 0) {
		do_sysinit();
		free(runlevel);
		runlevel = rc_runlevel_get();
	}

	rc_plugin_load();

	/* Now we start handling our children */
	signal_setup(SIGCHLD, handle_signal);

	if (newlevel &&
	    (strcmp(newlevel, RC_LEVEL_SHUTDOWN) == 0 ||
		strcmp(newlevel, RC_LEVEL_SINGLE) == 0))
	{
		going_down = true;
		if (!exists(RC_KRUNLEVEL))
			set_krunlevel(runlevel);
		rc_runlevel_set(newlevel);
		setenv("RC_RUNLEVEL", newlevel, 1);
		setenv("RC_GOINGDOWN", "YES", 1);
	} else {
		/* We should not use krunevel in sysinit or boot runlevels */
		if (!newlevel ||
		    (strcmp(newlevel, RC_LEVEL_SYSINIT) != 0 &&
			strcmp(newlevel, getenv("RC_BOOTLEVEL")) != 0))
		{
			if (get_krunlevel(krunlevel, sizeof(krunlevel))) {
				newlevel = krunlevel;
				set_krunlevel(NULL);
			}
		}

		if (newlevel) {
			if (strcmp(runlevel, newlevel) != 0 &&
			    !rc_runlevel_exists(newlevel))
				eerrorx("%s: not a valid runlevel", newlevel);

#ifdef __linux__
			if (strcmp(newlevel, RC_LEVEL_SYSINIT) == 0) {
				/* If we requested a runlevel, save it now */
				p = proc_getent("rc_runlevel");
				if (p == NULL)
					p = proc_getent("softlevel");
				if (p != NULL) {
					set_krunlevel(p);
					free(p);
				}
			}
#endif
		}
	}

	if (going_down) {
#ifdef __FreeBSD__
		/* FIXME: we shouldn't have todo this */
		/* For some reason, wait_for_services waits for the logger
		 * proccess to finish as well, but only on FreeBSD.
		 * We cannot allow this so we stop logging now. */
		rc_logger_close();
#endif

		rc_plugin_run(RC_HOOK_RUNLEVEL_STOP_IN, newlevel);
	} else {
		rc_plugin_run(RC_HOOK_RUNLEVEL_STOP_IN, runlevel);
	}
	hook_out = RC_HOOK_RUNLEVEL_STOP_OUT;

	/* Check if runlevel is valid if we're changing */
	if (newlevel && strcmp(runlevel, newlevel) != 0 && !going_down) {
		if (!rc_runlevel_exists(newlevel))
			eerrorx("%s: is not a valid runlevel", newlevel);
	}

	/* Load our deptree */
	if ((deptree = _rc_deptree_load(0, &regen)) == NULL)
		eerrorx("failed to load deptree");
	if (exists(RC_DEPTREE_SKEWED))
		ewarn("WARNING: clock skew detected!");

	/* Clean the failed services state dir */
	clean_failed();

	if (mkdir(RC_STOPPING, 0755) != 0) {
		if (errno == EACCES)
			eerrorx("%s: superuser access required", applet);
		eerrorx("%s: failed to create stopping dir `%s': %s",
		    applet, RC_STOPPING, strerror(errno));
	}

	/* Build a list of all services to stop and then work out the
	 * correct order for stopping them */
	stop_services = rc_services_in_state(RC_SERVICE_STARTED);
	tmplist = rc_services_in_state(RC_SERVICE_INACTIVE);
	TAILQ_CONCAT(stop_services, tmplist, entries);
	free(tmplist);
	tmplist = rc_services_in_state(RC_SERVICE_STARTING);
	TAILQ_CONCAT(stop_services, tmplist, entries);
	free(tmplist);
	if (stop_services)
		rc_stringlist_sort(&stop_services);

	types_nua = rc_stringlist_new();
	rc_stringlist_add(types_nua, "ineed");
	rc_stringlist_add(types_nua, "iuse");
	rc_stringlist_add(types_nua, "iafter");

	if (stop_services) {
		tmplist = rc_deptree_depends(deptree, types_nua, stop_services,
		    runlevel, depoptions | RC_DEP_STOP);
		rc_stringlist_free(stop_services);
		stop_services = tmplist;
	}

	/* Load our list of start services */
	hotplugged_services = rc_services_in_state(RC_SERVICE_HOTPLUGGED);
	start_services = rc_services_in_runlevel_stacked(newlevel ?
	    newlevel : runlevel);
	if (strcmp(newlevel ? newlevel : runlevel, RC_LEVEL_SHUTDOWN) != 0 &&
	    strcmp(newlevel ? newlevel : runlevel, RC_LEVEL_SYSINIT) != 0)
	{
		tmplist = rc_services_in_runlevel(RC_LEVEL_SYSINIT);
		TAILQ_CONCAT(start_services, tmplist, entries);
		free(tmplist);
		if (strcmp(newlevel ? newlevel : runlevel,
			RC_LEVEL_SINGLE) != 0)
		{
			if (strcmp(newlevel ? newlevel : runlevel,
				bootlevel) != 0)
			{
				tmplist = rc_services_in_runlevel(bootlevel);
				TAILQ_CONCAT(start_services, tmplist, entries);
				free(tmplist);
			}
			if (hotplugged_services) {
				TAILQ_FOREACH(service, hotplugged_services,
				    entries)
				    rc_stringlist_addu(start_services,
					service->value);
			}
		}
	}

	parallel = rc_conf_yesno("rc_parallel");

	/* Now stop the services that shouldn't be running */
	if (stop_services)
		do_stop_services(newlevel, parallel, going_down);

	/* Wait for our services to finish */
	wait_for_services();

	/* Notify the plugins we have finished */
	rc_plugin_run(RC_HOOK_RUNLEVEL_STOP_OUT,
	    going_down ? newlevel : runlevel);
	hook_out = 0;

	rmdir(RC_STOPPING);

	/* Store the new runlevel */
	if (newlevel) {
		rc_runlevel_set(newlevel);
		free(runlevel);
		runlevel = xstrdup(newlevel);
		setenv("RC_RUNLEVEL", runlevel, 1);
	}

#ifdef __linux__
	/* We can't log beyond this point as the shutdown runlevel
	 * will mount / readonly. */
	if (strcmp(runlevel, RC_LEVEL_SHUTDOWN) == 0)
		rc_logger_close();
#endif

	mkdir(RC_STARTING, 0755);
	rc_plugin_run(RC_HOOK_RUNLEVEL_START_IN, runlevel);
	hook_out = RC_HOOK_RUNLEVEL_START_OUT;

	/* Re-add our hotplugged services if they stopped */
	if (hotplugged_services)
		TAILQ_FOREACH(service, hotplugged_services, entries)
		    rc_service_mark(service->value, RC_SERVICE_HOTPLUGGED);

	/* Order the services to start */
	if (start_services) {
		rc_stringlist_sort(&start_services);
		deporder = rc_deptree_depends(deptree, types_nua,
		    start_services, runlevel,
		    depoptions | RC_DEP_START);
		rc_stringlist_free(start_services);
		start_services = deporder;
	}

#ifdef __linux__
	/* mark any services skipped as started */
	proc = p = proc_getent("noinit");
	if (proc) {
		while ((token = strsep(&p, ",")))
			rc_service_mark(token, RC_SERVICE_STARTED);
		free(proc);
	}
#endif

	if (start_services) {
		do_start_services(parallel);
		/* FIXME: If we skip the boot runlevel and go straight
		 * to default from sysinit, we should now re-evaluate our
		 * start services + hotplugged services and call
		 * do_start_services a second time. */

		/* Wait for our services to finish */
		wait_for_services();
	}

#ifdef __linux__
	/* mark any services skipped as stopped */
	proc = p = proc_getent("noinit");
	if (proc) {
		while ((token = strsep(&p, ",")))
			rc_service_mark(token, RC_SERVICE_STOPPED);
		free(proc);
	}

#endif

	rc_plugin_run(RC_HOOK_RUNLEVEL_START_OUT, runlevel);
	hook_out = 0;

	/* If we're in the boot runlevel and we regenerated our dependencies
	 * we need to delete them so that they are regenerated again in the
	 * default runlevel as they may depend on things that are now
	 * available */
	if (regen && strcmp(runlevel, bootlevel) == 0)
		unlink(RC_DEPTREE_CACHE);

	return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}