procps/vmstat.c

// old: "Copyright 1994 by Henry Ware <al172@yfn.ysu.edu>. Copyleft same year."
// most code copyright 2002 Albert Cahalan
// 27/05/2003 (Fabian) : Add unit conversion + interface
//               	 Export proc/stat access to libproc
//			 Adapt vmstat helpfile

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/dir.h>
#include <dirent.h>

#include "proc/sysinfo.h"
#include "proc/version.h"
#include "vmstat.h"

#define FALSE 0
#define TRUE 1

static int a_option; /* "-a" means "show active/inactive" */

static unsigned sleep_time = 1;
static unsigned long num_updates;

static unsigned int height;   // window height
static unsigned int moreheaders=TRUE;


/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

static void usage(void) NORETURN;
static void usage(void) {
  fprintf(stderr,"usage: vmstat [-V] [-n] [delay [count]]\n");
  fprintf(stderr,"              -V prints version.\n");
  fprintf(stderr,"              -n causes the headers not to be reprinted regularly.\n");
  fprintf(stderr,"              -a print inactive/active page stats.\n");
  fprintf(stderr,"              -S unit size\n");
  fprintf(stderr,"              delay is the delay between updates in seconds. \n");
  fprintf(stderr,"              unit size k:1000 K:1024 m:1000000 M:1048576 (default is K)\n");
  fprintf(stderr,"              count is the number of updates.\n");
  exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#if 0
// produce:  "  6  ", "123  ", "123k ", etc.
static int format_1024(unsigned long long val64, char *restrict dst){
  unsigned oldval;
  const char suffix[] = " kmgtpe";
  unsigned level = 0;
  unsigned val32;

  if(val64 < 1000){   // special case to avoid "6.0  " when plain "  6  " would do
    val32 = val64;
    return sprintf(dst,"%3u  ",val32);
  }

  while(val64 > 0xffffffffull){
    level++;
    val64 /= 1024;
  }

  val32 = val64;

  while(val32 > 999){
    level++;
    oldval = val32;
    val32 /= 1024;
  }

  if(val32 < 10){
    unsigned fract = (oldval % 1024) * 10 / 1024;
    return sprintf(dst, "%u.%u%c ", val32, fract, suffix[level]);
  }
  return sprintf(dst, "%3u%c ", val32, suffix[level]);
}


// produce:  "  6  ", "123  ", "123k ", etc.
static int format_1000(unsigned long long val64, char *restrict dst){
  unsigned oldval;
  const char suffix[] = " kmgtpe";
  unsigned level = 0;
  unsigned val32;

  if(val64 < 1000){   // special case to avoid "6.0  " when plain "  6  " would do
    val32 = val64;
    return sprintf(dst,"%3u  ",val32);
  }

  while(val64 > 0xffffffffull){
    level++;
    val64 /= 1000;
  }

  val32 = val64;

  while(val32 > 999){
    level++;
    oldval = val32;
    val32 /= 1000;
  }

  if(val32 < 10){
    unsigned fract = (oldval % 1000) / 100;
    return sprintf(dst, "%u.%u%c ", val32, fract, suffix[level]);
  }
  return sprintf(dst, "%3u%c ", val32, suffix[level]);
}
#endif

static void new_header(void){
  printf("procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- --system-- ----cpu----\n");
  printf(
    "%2s %2s %6s %6s %6s %6s %4s %4s %5s %5s %4s %5s %2s %2s %2s %2s\n",
    "r","b",
    "swpd", "free", a_option?"inact":"buff", a_option?"active":"cache",
    "si","so",
    "bi","bo",
    "in","cs",
    "us","sy","id","wa"
  );
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

unsigned long unitConvert(unsigned int kbsize)
{
 float cvSize;
 cvSize=(float)kbsize/dataUnit*1024;
 return ((unsigned long) cvSize);
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

static void new_format(void) {
  const char format[]="%2u %2u %6lu %6lu %6lu %6lu %4u %4u %5u %5u %4u %5u %2u %2u %2u %2u\n";
  unsigned int tog=0; /* toggle switch for cleaner code */
  unsigned int i;
  unsigned int hz = Hertz;
  unsigned int running,blocked,dummy_1,dummy_2;
  jiff cpu_use[2], cpu_nic[2], cpu_sys[2], cpu_idl[2], cpu_iow[2];
  jiff duse, dsys, didl, diow, Div, divo2;
  unsigned long pgpgin[2], pgpgout[2], pswpin[2], pswpout[2];
  unsigned int intr[2], ctxt[2];
  unsigned int sleep_half; 
  unsigned long kb_per_page = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE) / 1024ul;
  int debt = 0;  // handle idle ticks running backwards

  sleep_half=(sleep_time/2);
  new_header();

  meminfo();

  getstat(cpu_use,cpu_nic,cpu_sys,cpu_idl,cpu_iow,
	  pgpgin,pgpgout,pswpin,pswpout,
	  intr,ctxt,
	  &running,&blocked,
	  &dummy_1, &dummy_2);

  duse= *cpu_use + *cpu_nic; 
  dsys= *cpu_sys;
  didl= *cpu_idl;
  diow= *cpu_iow;
  Div= duse+dsys+didl+diow;
  divo2= Div/2UL;
  printf(format,
	 running, blocked,
	 unitConvert(kb_swap_used), unitConvert(kb_main_free),
	 unitConvert(a_option?kb_inactive:kb_main_buffers),
	 unitConvert(a_option?kb_active:kb_main_cached),
	 (unsigned)( (*pswpin  * unitConvert(kb_per_page) * hz + divo2) / Div ),
	 (unsigned)( (*pswpout * unitConvert(kb_per_page) * hz + divo2) / Div ),
	 (unsigned)( (*pgpgin                * hz + divo2) / Div ),
	 (unsigned)( (*pgpgout               * hz + divo2) / Div ),
	 (unsigned)( (*intr                  * hz + divo2) / Div ),
	 (unsigned)( (*ctxt                  * hz + divo2) / Div ),
	 (unsigned)( (100*duse                    + divo2) / Div ),
	 (unsigned)( (100*dsys                    + divo2) / Div ),
	 (unsigned)( (100*didl                    + divo2) / Div ),
	 (unsigned)( (100*diow                    + divo2) / Div )
  );

  for(i=1;i<num_updates;i++) { /* \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ main loop ////////////////// */
    sleep(sleep_time);
    if (moreheaders && ((i%height)==0)) new_header();
    tog= !tog;

    meminfo();

    getstat(cpu_use+tog,cpu_nic+tog,cpu_sys+tog,cpu_idl+tog,cpu_iow+tog,
	  pgpgin+tog,pgpgout+tog,pswpin+tog,pswpout+tog,
	  intr+tog,ctxt+tog,
	  &running,&blocked,
	  &dummy_1,&dummy_2);

    duse= cpu_use[tog]-cpu_use[!tog] + cpu_nic[tog]-cpu_nic[!tog];
    dsys= cpu_sys[tog]-cpu_sys[!tog];
    didl= cpu_idl[tog]-cpu_idl[!tog];
    diow= cpu_iow[tog]-cpu_iow[!tog];

    /* idle can run backwards for a moment -- kernel "feature" */
    if(debt){
      didl = (int)didl + debt;
      debt = 0;
    }
    if( (int)didl < 0 ){
      debt = (int)didl;
      didl = 0;
    }

    Div= duse+dsys+didl+diow;
    divo2= Div/2UL;
    printf(format,
           running, blocked,
	   unitConvert(kb_swap_used),unitConvert(kb_main_free),
	   unitConvert(a_option?kb_inactive:kb_main_buffers),
	   unitConvert(a_option?kb_active:kb_main_cached),
	   (unsigned)( ( (pswpin [tog] - pswpin [!tog])*unitConvert(kb_per_page)+sleep_half )/sleep_time ), /*si*/
	   (unsigned)( ( (pswpout[tog] - pswpout[!tog])*unitConvert(kb_per_page)+sleep_half )/sleep_time ), /*so*/
	   (unsigned)( (  pgpgin [tog] - pgpgin [!tog]             +sleep_half )/sleep_time ), /*bi*/
	   (unsigned)( (  pgpgout[tog] - pgpgout[!tog]             +sleep_half )/sleep_time ), /*bo*/
	   (unsigned)( (  intr   [tog] - intr   [!tog]             +sleep_half )/sleep_time ), /*in*/
	   (unsigned)( (  ctxt   [tog] - ctxt   [!tog]             +sleep_half )/sleep_time ), /*cs*/
	   (unsigned)( (100*duse+divo2)/Div ), /*us*/
	   (unsigned)( (100*dsys+divo2)/Div ), /*sy*/
	   (unsigned)( (100*didl+divo2)/Div ), /*id*/
	   (unsigned)( (100*diow+divo2)/Div )  /*wa*/
    );
  }
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

static void sum_format(void) {
  unsigned int running, blocked, btime, processes;
  jiff cpu_use, cpu_nic, cpu_sys, cpu_idl, cpu_iow;
  unsigned long pgpgin, pgpgout, pswpin, pswpout;
  unsigned int intr, ctxt;

  meminfo();

  getstat(&cpu_use, &cpu_nic, &cpu_sys, &cpu_idl, &cpu_iow,
	  &pgpgin, &pgpgout, &pswpin, &pswpout,
	  &intr, &ctxt,
	  &running, &blocked,
	  &btime, &processes);

  printf("%13lu %s total memory\n", unitConvert(kb_main_total),szDataUnit);
  printf("%13lu %s used memory\n", unitConvert(kb_main_used),szDataUnit);
  printf("%13lu %s active memory\n", unitConvert(kb_active),szDataUnit);
  printf("%13lu %s inactive memory\n", unitConvert(kb_inactive),szDataUnit);
  printf("%13lu %s free memory\n", unitConvert(kb_main_free),szDataUnit);
  printf("%13lu %s buffer memory\n", unitConvert(kb_main_buffers),szDataUnit);
  printf("%13lu %s swap cache\n", unitConvert(kb_main_cached),szDataUnit);
  printf("%13lu %s total swap\n", unitConvert(kb_swap_total),szDataUnit);
  printf("%13lu %s used swap\n", unitConvert(kb_swap_used),szDataUnit);
  printf("%13lu %s free swap\n", unitConvert(kb_swap_free),szDataUnit);
  printf("%13Lu non-nice user cpu ticks\n", cpu_use);
  printf("%13Lu nice user cpu ticks\n", cpu_nic);
  printf("%13Lu system cpu ticks\n", cpu_sys);
  printf("%13Lu idle cpu ticks\n", cpu_idl);
  printf("%13Lu IO-wait cpu ticks\n", cpu_iow);
  printf("%13lu pages paged in\n", pgpgin);
  printf("%13lu pages paged out\n", pgpgout);
  printf("%13lu pages swapped in\n", pswpin);
  printf("%13lu pages swapped out\n", pswpout);
  printf("%13u interrupts\n", intr);
  printf("%13u CPU context switches\n", ctxt);
  printf("%13u boot time\n", btime);
  printf("%13u forks\n", processes);
}
static void fork_format(void) {
  unsigned int running, blocked, btime, processes;
  jiff cpu_use, cpu_nic, cpu_sys, cpu_idl, cpu_iow;
  unsigned long pgpgin, pgpgout, pswpin, pswpout;
  unsigned int intr, ctxt;

  getstat(&cpu_use, &cpu_nic, &cpu_sys, &cpu_idl, &cpu_iow,
	  &pgpgin, &pgpgout, &pswpin, &pswpout,
	  &intr, &ctxt,
	  &running, &blocked,
	  &btime, &processes);

  printf("%13u forks\n", processes);
}


static int winhi(void) {
    struct winsize win;
    int rows = 24;
 
    if (ioctl(1, TIOCGWINSZ, &win) != -1 && win.ws_row > 0)
      rows = win.ws_row;
 
    return rows;
}


int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
  argc=0; /* redefined as number of integer arguments */
  for (argv++;*argv;argv++) {
    if ('-' ==(**argv)) {
      switch (*(++(*argv))) {
      	
      case 'V':
	display_version();
	exit(0);
      case 'a':
	/* active/inactive mode */
	a_option=1;
        break;
      case 'f':
        // FIXME: check for conflicting args
	fork_format();
        exit(0);
      case 'n':
	/* print only one header */
	moreheaders=FALSE;
        break;
      case 'S':
	if (argv[1]){
	      ++argv;
	 	if (!strcmp(*argv, "k")) dataUnit=UNIT_k;
	 	else if (!strcmp(*argv, "K")) dataUnit=UNIT_K;
	 	else if (!strcmp(*argv, "m")) dataUnit=UNIT_m;
	 	else if (!strcmp(*argv, "M")) dataUnit=UNIT_M;
		else {fprintf(stderr, "-S requires k, K, m or M (default is kb)\n");
		     exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
		}
		strcpy(szDataUnit, *argv);
	 }else {fprintf(stderr, "-S requires an argument\n");
		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
	 }
	break;

      case 's':
        // FIXME: check for conflicting args
	sum_format();
        exit(0);
      default:
	/* no other aguments defined yet. */
	usage();
      }
    } else {
      argc++;
      switch (argc) {
      case 1:
        if ((sleep_time = atoi(*argv)) == 0)
         usage();
       num_updates = ULONG_MAX;
       break;
      case 2:
        num_updates = atol(*argv);
       break;
      default:
       usage();
      } /* switch */
    }
  }

  if (moreheaders) {
      int tmp=winhi()-3;
      height=((tmp>0)?tmp:22);
  }    

  setlinebuf(stdout);

  new_format();
  return 0;
}