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procps-ng-3.3.4
---------------
* Removed ps -aux bogus message
* w get -i option to display IP addresses
* watch 8bit fixes Debian #675069
* Fixed FTBFS for non-linux Debian #677055
2012-03-03 09:40:48 +05:30
procps-ng-3.3.3
---------------
* watch -g command repeats until something changes
2012-03-09 01:27:10 +05:30
* Changed labels of kB etc to KiB Debian #662786
* top supports hotplugged memory and cpus Debian #351934, #459287
* top %cpu not distorted when switch to/from threads Debian #441166
* top can read old toprc configuration files Debian #651213, #651863
* top supports input paste once again Debian #663334
* top -p avoids SEGV when pid doesn't exist Debian 668335
2012-05-20 10:09:52 +05:30
* Various DejaGNU test cases fixed
* pgrep.1 graoff syntax fix Debian #665425
* sysctl avoid crash when -p file has unexpected input
* sysctl .conf off-by-one error Debian #669128
* libprocps: protect locale env getting overwrite RedHat #548711
* Documentation catch up (fixed prior to 3.3.3)
. top repeating "%" wastes space Debian #322984
. top -U user name parse error Debian #623200
. top memory leaks Debian #627257
. top impossible task swap statistics Debian #628462
. top forest view segfault Debian #650864
2012-03-03 09:40:48 +05:30
2012-05-20 10:09:52 +05:30
2011-12-14 17:40:55 +05:30
procps-ng-3.3.1 --> procps-ng-3.3.2
--------------------------------
* Redefined library to use version-info
* NLS added! Programs can use po files to localise the output to suite
any supported languages.
* Imported a bunch of distribution patches:
watch: support unicode
watch: add precision wait time option -p
watch: interpret ANSI color code sequences
watch: add -exec and -beep flags and has better quoting
w: use environment to set user and from/host column widths
w: use COLUMNS environment if TIOCGWINSZ fails
w: bassman emulation with -o option
vmstat: do not scale si/so just like bi/bo
libprocps-ng: sysinfo.c: truncate the vmstat figure to 32 bits
tload: remote unneeded optarg and optind variables
sysctl: fix up some option processing
skill: kill prints perror
skill: do not treat skill null parameter as 0
skill: fix too greedy option parser
libprocps-ng: readproc.c: some type conversion help
ps: rename SZ to SIZE
ps: add sorting to %mem for ps
pmap: provide information for -x option
pgrep: distinguish between invalid commandline parameters and '-?'
pgrep: fix compiler warning saved_start_time might be used uninitialized
pgrep: add -c option for counting number of matched proceesses
pwdx & libprocps-ng: Hurd does not have MAX_PATH defined
ps: --sort does not work with time argument
skill: add CR to warning line
contrib: minimal ps: define mips PAGE_SIZE
libproc-ng: prettyfy proc mount messages
ps: add build option to disable ps option warning
libproc-ng: support building without WCHAR support
sysctl: remove index() for buildroot
* top now has a search capability
* User import is validated better to stop negative values for intervals etc
2011-12-14 17:40:55 +05:30
procps-ng-3.3.0 --> procps-ng-3.3.1
--------------------------------
2011-11-28 17:11:19 +05:30
* Added DejaGNU regression testing
* Fixed pgrep -u not finding processes Debian#649591
* Fixed pgrep crashing
* vmstat -p <part> finds partitions. Was Debian patch vmstat_part_format
fixes closed bugs RH#485243 and Debian#588677
2011-12-01 17:31:12 +05:30
* watch 8-bit clean, Was Debian patch watch_8bitchar
* slabtop prints plain ASCII in once mode
procps-3.2.8 --> procps-ng-3.3.0
------------------------------------------------------
Debian, Fedora and openSUSE fork of procps.
https://gitorious.org/procps
environment/build changes:
. autotools integrated
. procps-ng specific options
--enable-oomem (add out-of-memory flds)
--disable-kill (do not build kill pgm)
--enable-w-from (from as default for w)
library changes:
. added control groups support
. added supplementary groups support
. introduced proc_t memory management
. enabled hot-plugged cpu support
. introduced new api's
readeither (readproc.c)
readproctab3 (readproc.c)
escaped_copy (escape.c)
free changes:
. rewritten/modernized
improved help
includes long options
added new processing options
. updated manual page
ps changes:
. added new fields
cgroups,etimes,supgid,supgrp,tgid
. exploited new library api's
top changes:
. redesigned fields management
. added new fields
cgroups,gid,nmin,nth,pgrp,ruid,
sid,suid,supgids,supgrps,suser,
tgid,tpgid
. added horizontal/vertical scrolling
. added flexible output override via -w
. added COMMAND column forest view via V
. added hot-plugged cpu/memory support
. improved user filtering via u|U
. improved signal handling
. restored zero delay functionality
. introduced true line input editing
. exploited new library api's
. improved performance up to 300%
Debian, Fedora and openSUSE fork of procps.
https://gitorious.org/procps
------------------------------------------------------
procps-3.2.8 --> procps-3.2.9 (pending)
2009-12-10 17:07:48 +05:30
top: fix an aliasing problem -- thanks David Owen
2006-09-10 11:55:56 +05:30
procps-3.2.7 --> procps-3.2.8
2008-03-24 10:11:26 +05:30
ps: allow "+" in sort specifications, as in man page rh208217
2009-12-10 17:07:48 +05:30
ps: recognize SCHED_ISO and SCHED_IDLE
ps: document SCHED_BATCH and add a "see also" for stime
2006-12-18 00:17:18 +05:30
ps: man page less ambiguous
2009-12-10 17:07:48 +05:30
top: normal exit code should be 0 #341272 #354255 rh199174 suse493210
top: misc fixes
2007-05-28 05:46:39 +05:30
pgrep: usage error should exit with 2 #413383
vmstat: use EXIT_FAILURE -- thanks Yoshio Nakamura #425492
sysctl: fix crash -- thanks Steinar Gunderson #423704
2007-05-28 08:48:52 +05:30
watch: tolerate umlauts #207103
2009-12-10 17:07:48 +05:30
pmap: range limits with -A low,high
update /dev/tty* info to May 2009 devices.txt
2009-12-10 17:07:48 +05:30
don't read off end of string const rh469495 rh498182
2006-09-10 11:55:56 +05:30
2005-12-27 09:55:32 +05:30
procps-3.2.6 --> procps-3.2.7
2005-12-27 09:55:32 +05:30
top: document H option -- thanks Tony Ernst
2006-01-22 13:27:13 +05:30
top: terabytes -- thanks Tony Ernst
top: CPU usage column width fixes -- thanks Tony Ernst
2006-06-21 09:48:02 +05:30
top: *roff change #326517
2006-01-22 13:30:03 +05:30
ps: SCHED_BATCH is B
ps: fix s format (signals) output with thread display
watch: avoid integer overflow for the time delay
pwdx: buffer overflow fixed -- thanks Ulf Harnhammar
procps.spec needed a slash -- thanks Jesse Brandeburg
w: stale utmp entries snuck in via uninitialized var -- thanks Robert A Basch
2006-06-21 09:48:02 +05:30
pgrep/pkill: fix some realloc-related crashes #353894
2006-06-25 02:47:51 +05:30
pgrep/pkill: g is criteria (PLD Linux, patch found in locked filing cabinet)
sysctl: use - for stdin (PLD Linux: beware of the leopard)
top: show CPU time stolen from a virtual machine
2005-12-27 09:55:32 +05:30
2005-02-28 08:59:57 +05:30
procps-3.2.5 --> procps-3.2.6
2005-10-30 05:44:16 +05:30
vmstat: /proc/stat buffer big enough for 1024 CPUs
dietlibc needs termios.h for struct winsize -- thanks Thomas Ogrisegg
top: can do per-task display -- thanks John Blackwood rh114012
2005-02-28 08:59:57 +05:30
more MIPS crud -- thanks Jim Gifford and Ryan Oliver
2005-06-10 21:13:15 +05:30
begin prep for setuid
2005-10-30 09:00:14 +05:30
top: fix %CPU max on 2..9 CPU SMP -- thanks Ga*tan LEURENT rh110555
ps: fix crash related to realloc -- thanks David Houlder
2005-10-30 08:22:46 +05:30
ps: man page more detailed #334682
2005-10-30 09:00:14 +05:30
spelling fixes #300333 #334684 #334685
top: crash on resize fixed -- thanks Michal Maruska #320289
vmstat: -p handles /dev/ and does not overflow #319523 #330969
2005-02-28 08:59:57 +05:30
procps-3.2.4 --> procps-3.2.5
2005-01-06 05:43:12 +05:30
display problem on 64-bit systems fixed #287947
top: variable-width PID and PPID
top: variable-width %CPU rh110555
2005-01-06 02:51:58 +05:30
sysctl: better error messages
ps: security labels can contain any printable ASCII
top: help and version message on stdout, with exit(0) #283541
2005-01-06 05:43:12 +05:30
ps: SIGTSTP and SIGTTOU shouldn't print bug email address #246123
2005-01-06 02:20:54 +05:30
slabtop: compile with glibc 2.2.17 (and older, likely)
slabtop: fix overflow on huge NUMA boxes #264640
2005-01-26 10:48:37 +05:30
slabtop: accept any slabinfo 2.x format g77301 #287691 rh145369 rh145906
ps: alignment after WCHAN fixed ub5385
2005-01-26 10:48:37 +05:30
pmap: when no -x or -d option, show full path rh142751
2004-08-18 07:52:13 +05:30
procps-3.2.3 --> procps-3.2.4
2004-08-27 19:53:36 +05:30
support 64-bit MIPS with n32 binary
sparc32 optimized for sparc32 again
pwdx: new command -- thanks Nicholas Miell
2004-11-05 02:20:59 +05:30
ps: UTF-8 username + command -- thanks Karel Zak rh134763,rh112518,rh134780
2004-08-18 07:52:13 +05:30
ps: more room for some columns
2004-11-05 02:20:59 +05:30
ps: tolerate SubDomain security module CONTEXT/LABEL data #277401
2004-08-27 19:53:36 +05:30
watch: passes COLUMNS and LINES in environment
2004-09-12 21:13:48 +05:30
top: in batch mode, tolerate unknown $TERM -- thanks Daniel Walsh
pkill: quiet about processes that die before kill()
2004-08-18 07:52:13 +05:30
2004-07-21 05:01:12 +05:30
procps-3.2.2 --> procps-3.2.3
avoid truncating long usernames
avoid warning about -lncurses when not linking (more)
new names for shared libraries (packagers: watch out!)
"make install" no longer rebuilds everything
wchan now '*' for multi-threaded processes
2004-08-10 10:00:27 +05:30
ps: new man page -- thanks Nicolas Francois
ps: STAT shows l for multi-threaded processes
vmstat: some overflow problems fixed -- thanks Holger Kiehl
2004-07-30 10:19:14 +05:30
sysctl: man page fix
2004-07-21 05:01:12 +05:30
2004-04-13 09:26:52 +05:30
procps-3.2.1 --> procps-3.2.2
2004-07-17 20:55:45 +05:30
new packager (downstream maintainer) guidelines in README
2004-07-15 06:47:15 +05:30
move striping from install command to CFLAGS
2004-07-17 20:55:45 +05:30
new gcc options in use: -fweb, -frename-registers, etc.
2004-04-13 09:26:52 +05:30
avoid warning about -lncurses when not linking -- thanks FLWM
2004-07-15 10:59:56 +05:30
tolerate IA-64 headers without PAGE_SIZE
2004-04-26 06:17:31 +05:30
ps: k option, same as --sort
2004-07-15 20:52:23 +05:30
ps: personality-specific -x support (HP-UX and SVR4-MP)
2004-07-15 21:57:38 +05:30
pgrep: man page SEE ALSO updated #226817
2004-07-15 20:52:23 +05:30
sysctl: -q and -N options
sysctl: better error handling of failed writes
top: tolerate sparse CPU numbering
2004-07-07 05:41:19 +05:30
top: try to handle terminals lacking rmam and smam #235003
2004-07-15 06:47:15 +05:30
top: xterm dislikes clear-to-eol at eol (char lost)
2004-07-15 20:52:23 +05:30
vmstat: fixed -d
watch: allow sub-second intervals -- thanks Thomas Stewart
2004-04-13 09:26:52 +05:30
2004-03-20 09:13:15 +05:30
procps-3.2.0 --> procps-3.2.1
build even w/ curses in an odd location -- thanks to Segher Boessenkool
ps: STAT flags for fg process group and session leader
2004-03-27 09:25:52 +05:30
ps: STAT flags for swapped out process dropped (was broken)
ps: new -M and Z options for security data (SE Linux, etc.)
slabtop: detect broken /proc/slabinfo -- thanks to Fabian Frederick
slabtop: ensure that error messages show up on the screen -- FF again
2004-03-20 09:13:15 +05:30
2004-01-29 09:03:44 +05:30
procps-3.1.15 --> procps-3.2.0
build on IA-64 again #227933
2004-01-29 09:03:44 +05:30
pmap: output like Solaris 9, not Solaris 7
2004-01-27 01:31:56 +05:30
ps: also handle SELinux on the 2.4.xx kernels
2004-01-25 04:13:27 +05:30
top: during a ^Z, the terminal was messed up #228822
future-proof the tty handling (thanks to Zhou Wei)
slabtop (Chris Rivera and Robert Love) #226778
pmap: detect the primary stack
2004-01-29 10:35:37 +05:30
pmap: -d format
free: report high and low memory
2003-10-23 09:11:58 +05:30
procps-3.1.14 --> procps-3.1.15
install to /lib64 if it exists
2003-12-24 09:48:24 +05:30
hide kernel PID bug (Linux 2.4.13-pre1 to 2.4.MAX) #217278 #219730 #217525 #224470
2003-12-13 22:21:40 +05:30
ps: faster threaded display
2003-12-24 09:48:24 +05:30
top: auto-margin problem #217559
ps: support NSA SELinux, all builds, Linux 2.6+ #193648
sysctl: tweak man page for ESR's broken parser
2003-10-23 09:11:58 +05:30
2003-09-28 08:15:05 +05:30
procps-3.1.13 --> procps-3.1.14
top: displays on more genuine serial terminals
2003-09-28 08:15:05 +05:30
handle 32-bit dev_t of Linux 2.6
2003-09-29 09:39:52 +05:30
ps: finally, m and -m satisfy the original design
ps: distinct per-thread and whole-process pending signals
2003-09-28 08:15:05 +05:30
2003-09-18 03:28:32 +05:30
procps-3.1.12 --> procps-3.1.13
2003-09-20 13:59:55 +05:30
ps: can display NPTL threads w/ kernel patch
2003-09-18 03:28:32 +05:30
no seLinux for now (new kernel interface)
2003-08-11 07:29:53 +05:30
procps-3.1.11 --> procps-3.1.12
2003-09-17 22:44:32 +05:30
ps: explicit width ("ps -o pid,wchan:42,args")
ps: $PS_FORMAT works properly #201575
2003-09-08 07:09:49 +05:30
top: new Linux 2.6.0-test4 CPU stats shown
2003-09-08 04:58:49 +05:30
top: multiple -p options work again
2003-09-06 10:41:04 +05:30
top: fixed 4 GB wrap-around
2003-09-17 22:44:32 +05:30
ps: has a set of tests to ensure correctness
2003-09-06 10:41:04 +05:30
man page: /var/run/utmp, not /etc/utmp #206583
2003-09-01 05:48:58 +05:30
required flags moved out of CFLAGS #205429
2003-08-11 07:29:53 +05:30
RPM generation handles /lib64
WCHAN skips leading '.'
vmstat: numerous new features
2003-07-14 17:41:43 +05:30
procps-3.1.10 --> procps-3.1.11
compile with gcc 2.95 again (C99 issue)
2003-06-08 06:16:07 +05:30
procps-3.1.9 --> procps-3.1.10
2003-07-03 10:50:19 +05:30
handle GPLONLY_ symbols #143549 #188374
2003-06-30 09:00:35 +05:30
kill: better man page
skill: better man page
2003-07-03 10:50:19 +05:30
ps: PID-like columns change width as needed
2003-07-01 07:09:32 +05:30
top: COMMAND instead of Command
vmstat: -m displays slabinfo
vmstat: -d displays disk stats
2003-06-08 06:16:07 +05:30
procps-3.1.8 --> procps-3.1.9
2003-05-31 21:19:44 +05:30
memory sizes fixed for 64-bit w/ gcc 3.x #194376 #191933
ps: detect broken OS install w/o /proc mounted #172735
top: fix suspend/resume behavior
2003-05-24 08:04:42 +05:30
top: ditch warning until a GOOD interface is found #188271
2003-05-31 21:19:44 +05:30
kill: more info in the man page #182414
ps: document the -o, o, -O, and O options #169301
2003-05-31 08:31:18 +05:30
vmstat: choose units you like: 1000, 1024, 1000000...
procps-3.1.7 --> procps-3.1.8
top: fix keyboard handling (help screen, etc.)
2003-02-18 09:21:03 +05:30
procps-3.1.6 --> procps-3.1.7
2003-03-19 06:45:58 +05:30
Makefile: made SKIP feature easier to use
2003-02-24 11:35:34 +05:30
watch: --help now explains -t, --no-title #182246
2003-02-18 09:21:03 +05:30
ps: warning directs users to the FAQ
2003-03-18 05:12:00 +05:30
top: batch mode can refresh by fractional seconds
top: faster start-up
top: do not refresh like crazy
ps: better crash message
2003-02-18 09:21:03 +05:30
2003-01-23 12:38:00 +05:30
procps-3.1.5 --> procps-3.1.6
2003-02-17 06:27:15 +05:30
handle the 2.5.61 kernel
2003-02-11 13:49:12 +05:30
top: memory leak fixed
2003-02-09 13:01:11 +05:30
ps: new --ppid option selects by PPID
2003-02-18 09:21:03 +05:30
watch: new --no-title option #179862
2003-01-23 12:38:00 +05:30
handle SPARC Linux badness
rare crash fixed
compile with gcc 2.91.xx again
more informative "ps --info"
2003-01-24 14:12:16 +05:30
README update
2003-02-18 09:21:03 +05:30
ps: compare more with "ps -C verylongname" #178127
2003-01-23 12:38:00 +05:30
2002-12-21 11:52:00 +05:30
procps-3.1.4 --> procps-3.1.5
ancient (2.x.xx era) data corruption fixed
serious hidden-process problem (3.1.3+) fixed
2002-12-21 19:43:33 +05:30
w: escape sequence vulnerability fixed
2002-12-21 11:52:00 +05:30
procps-3.1.3 --> procps-3.1.4
top: was trashing every "3" in a command name
top: when killing a process, the PID was cut at a "3"
top: more reliable %CPU
update copyright dates (GPL & LGPL require this)
RPM generation works now
2002-12-12 04:47:18 +05:30
procps-3.1.2 --> procps-3.1.3
uses /proc/*/wchan files when available
2002-12-12 04:47:18 +05:30
top: user selection
2002-12-13 03:28:12 +05:30
sysctl: add -e for Red Hat 8.0 boot scripts
sysctl: the obvious --help, -V, and --version
sysctl: some command line error checking
2002-12-12 04:47:18 +05:30
w: stdout, not stderr -- thanks to Sander van Malssen
2002-12-08 05:44:02 +05:30
procps-3.1.1 --> procps-3.1.2
2002-12-01 12:35:08 +05:30
2002-12-08 05:44:02 +05:30
better RPM generation
2002-12-08 09:42:33 +05:30
use C99 features
2002-12-08 05:44:02 +05:30
some seLinux fixes
2002-12-08 05:49:44 +05:30
now count Inact_laundry as needed #172163
2002-12-01 12:35:08 +05:30
ps: fewer globals
ps: hardware-enforced buffer protection
2002-12-08 09:42:33 +05:30
ps: 1 kB smaller
2002-12-08 05:44:02 +05:30
top: B command added (for bold on/off)
top: handle old (and future) config files
2002-12-01 12:35:08 +05:30
top: man page tweak
2002-12-08 05:44:02 +05:30
top: old sort keys #167249
top: out-of-bounds RT as "RT"
top: several times faster
top: t command fixed
vmstat: -f
vmstat: -s
w: much faster
watch: don't drop empty lines #171005
watch: re-indented
2002-12-01 12:35:08 +05:30
2002-11-20 09:39:26 +05:30
procps-3.1.0 --> procps-3.1.1
vmstat faster on 2.5.xx kernels
vmstat header fixed
vmstat -a re-fixed
2002-12-08 09:42:33 +05:30
procps-3.0.5 --> procps-3.1.0
2002-10-27 16:05:13 +05:30
2002-11-09 07:30:52 +05:30
vmstat displays IO-wait time instead of bogus "w"
2002-10-27 16:05:13 +05:30
can build w/o shared library (set SHARED=0)
when IO-wait hidden, count as idle, not as sys
pmap command added (like Sun has)
2002-11-08 13:12:54 +05:30
do not crash GNU make 3.79
2002-11-09 07:30:52 +05:30
top slightly faster
2002-10-27 16:05:13 +05:30
2002-10-21 14:37:18 +05:30
procps-3.0.4 --> procps-3.0.5
top tolerates super-wide displays
better (?) RPM generation
2002-10-23 08:30:31 +05:30
XConsole and top.desktop removed
old build system removed
code cleanup
pgrep and pkill get "-o" (oldest matching process)
had vmstat "bi" and "bo" output interchanged on 2.5.xx
fix man page tbl directives
2002-10-24 03:18:11 +05:30
top man page cleaned up
2002-10-21 14:37:18 +05:30
2002-10-14 13:23:08 +05:30
procps-3.0.3 --> procps-3.0.4
2002-10-19 03:50:41 +05:30
make top go faster
Linux 2.2.xx ELF note warning removed
only show IO-wait on recent kernels
fix top's SMP stats
fix top for "dumb" and "vt510" terminals
2002-10-19 14:19:00 +05:30
in top, limit the priority values to -99 ... 99
2002-10-14 13:23:08 +05:30
2002-10-13 02:21:13 +05:30
procps-3.0.2 --> procps-3.0.3
more "make install" fixes
lib CFLAGS working again
top.1 codes fixed
bad (int*) cast in top removed
2002-10-13 15:02:25 +05:30
top runs faster
2002-10-14 10:42:14 +05:30
libproc memory corruption fixed
rant moved out of top.1 man page
ability to SKIP installing things
fixed ps --sort crash
2002-10-13 02:21:13 +05:30
2002-10-12 04:15:09 +05:30
procps-3.0.1 --> procps-3.0.2
2002-10-12 07:12:18 +05:30
top defaults to the old layout
top defaults to sorting by %CPU
2002-10-12 04:15:09 +05:30
fix top for non-SMP 2.2.xx and 2.0.xx
2002-10-12 07:12:18 +05:30
new "make install" fixed
2002-10-12 04:15:09 +05:30
vmstat -a fixed
vmstat compiles with latest gcc-3.x
vmstat does 64-bit time
2002-10-09 10:22:40 +05:30
procps-3.0.0 --> procps-3.0.1
2002-10-09 11:53:58 +05:30
sysctl handles net/ipv4/conf/eth1.0123/tag (VLAN interface)
sysctl handles net.ipv4.conf.eth1/0123.tag (VLAN interface)
2002-10-09 10:22:40 +05:30
"ps" is now about 2x faster than in procps-2.x.x
"ps -F" now documented
w works in KOI8-R locale
vmstat documentation update
2002-10-11 01:38:37 +05:30
"skill -n blah blah blah" lets you test options
simple "make && make install" now
2002-10-09 10:22:40 +05:30
procps-2.x.x --> procps-3.0.0
2002-10-07 02:33:29 +05:30
designed to support Linux 2.0 through 2.5.41 and beyond
new top, with optional: color, windowing, SMP stats
runs faster
more "it crashes" bugs fixed
top shows IO-wait time
vmstat can show active/inactive memory stats
real-time info supported in ps
correct "ps -o size" and "ps --sort size"
new maintainers
reduced memory usage for ps
allow large PIDs to be specified
SELINUX support is just a recompile away
the "F" column shrank, so "ps -l" has more command name room
64-bit time reduces the overflow problem
support S/390, IA-64 emulator, and user-mode Linux
oldps is gone
configure script -- use "make -f Makefile.noam" as a backup
"w" program better at determining what a user is doing
more stable
code at http://procps.sf.net/ now (SourceForge)
Earlier changes, for those not using Debian already:
more stable
runs faster
-F format option
better error reporting in ps for unknown format specifiers
BSD's sysctl options -b and -X
top displays well on large-memory systems
old BSD-style select-by-PID ("ps l$$")
15-character user names
ps 'f' ASCII art forest fixed
add SIGSYS on i386
top reports real RSS value
large-memory systems work
minimal ps program for embedded systems (minimal.c)
BSD personality process selection fixed
support locale (French) with ',' and '.' mixed up
pgrep program
includes the "kill" and "nice" programs
don't chop non-tty ps output at 80 columns