procps 010114
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pgrep.1
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pgrep.1
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.\" Manual page for pgrep / pkill.
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.\" Licensed under version 2 of the GNU General Public License.
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.\" Copyright 2000 Kjetil Torgrim Homme
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.\"
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.TH PGREP 1 "June 25, 2000" "Linux" "Linux User's Manual"
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.SH NAME
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pgrep, pkill \- look up or signal processes based on name and other attributes
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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pgrep [\-flnvx] [\-d \fIdelimiter\fP] [\-P \fIppid\fP,...] [\-g \fIpgrp\fP,...]
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.br
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[\-s \fIsid\fP,...] [\-u \fIeuid\fP,...] [\-U \fIuid\fP,...] [\-G \fIgid\fP,...]
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.br
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[\-t \fIterm\fP,...] [\fIpattern\fP]
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pkill [\-\fIsignal\fP] [\-fnvx] [\-P \fIppid\fP,...] [\-g \fIpgrp\fP,...]
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.br
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[\-s \fIsid\fP,...] [\-u \fIeuid\fP,...] [\-U \fIuid\fP,...] [\-G \fIgid\fP,...]
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.br
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[\-t \fIterm\fP,...] [\fIpattern\fP]
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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\fBpgrep\fP looks through the currently running processes and lists the
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process IDs which matches the selection criteria to stdout. All
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the criteria have to match. For example,
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pgrep -u root sshd
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will only list the processes called \fBsshd\fP AND owned by \fBroot\fP.
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On the other hand,
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pgrep -u root,daemon
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will list the processes owned by \fBroot\fP OR \fBdaemon\fP.
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\fBpkill\fP will send the specified signal (by default \fBSIGTERM\fP)
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to each process instead of listing them on stdout.
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.SH OPTIONS
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.TP
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\-d \fIdelimiter\fP
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Sets the string used to delimit each process ID in the output (by
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default a newline). (\fBpgrep\fP only.)
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.TP
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\-f
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The \fIpattern\fP is normally only matched against the process name.
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When \-f is set, the full command line is used.
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.TP
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\-g \fIpgrp\fP,...
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Only match processes in the process group IDs listed. Process group 0
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is translated into \fBpgrep\fP's or \fBpkill\fP's own process group.
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.TP
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\-G \fIgid\fP,...
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Only match processes whose real group ID is listed. Either the
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numerical or symbolical value may be used.
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.TP
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\-l
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List the process name as well as the process ID. (\fBpgrep\fP only.)
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.TP
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\-n
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Select only the newest (most recently started) of the matching
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processes.
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.TP
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\-P \fIppid\fP,...
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Only match processes whose parent process ID is listed.
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.TP
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\-s \fIsid\fP,...
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Only match processes whose process session ID is listed. Session ID 0
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is translated into \fBpgrep\fP's or \fBpkill\fP's own session ID.
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.TP
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\-t \fIterm\fP,...
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Only match processes whose controlling terminal is listed. The
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terminal name should be specified without the "/dev/" prefix.
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.TP
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\-u \fIeuid\fP,...
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Only match processes whose effective user ID is listed. Either the
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numerical or symbolical value may be used.
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.TP
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\-U \fIuid\fP,...
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Only match processes whose real user ID is listed. Either the
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numerical or symbolical value may be used.
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.TP
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\-v
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Negates the matching.
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.TP
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\-x
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Only match processes whose name (or command line if \-f is specified)
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\fBexactly\fP match the \fIpattern\fP.
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.TP
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\-\fIsignal\fP
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Defines the signal to send to each matched process. Either the
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numeric or the symbolic signal name can be used. (\fBpkill\fP only.)
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.SH OPERANDS
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.TP
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\fIpattern\fP
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Specifies an Extended Regular Expression for matching against the
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process names or command lines.
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.SH EXAMPLES
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Example 1: Find the process ID of the \fBnamed\fP daemon:
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unix$ pgrep \-u root named
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Example 2: Make \fBsyslog\fP reread its configuration file:
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unix$ pkill \-HUP syslogd
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Example 3: Give detailed information on all \fBxterm\fP processes:
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unix$ ps \-fp $(pgrep \-d, \-x xterm)
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Example 4: Make all \fBnetscape\fP processes run nicer:
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unix$ renice +4 `pgrep netscape`
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.SH "EXIT STATUS"
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.TP
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.I "0"
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One or more processes matched the criteria.
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.TP
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.I "1"
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No processes matched.
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.TP
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.I "2"
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Syntax error in the command line.
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.TP
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.I "3"
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Fatal error: out of memory etc.
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.SH NOTES
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The process name used for matching is limited to the 15 characters
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present in the output of /proc/\fIpid\fP/stat. Use the \-f option to
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match against the complete command line, /proc/\fIpid\fP/cmdline.
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The running \fBpgrep\fP or \fBpkill\fP process will never report
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itself as a match.
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.SH BUGS
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The options \-n and \-v can not be combined. Let me know if you need
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to do this.
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Defunct processes are reported.
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.SH "SEE ALSO"
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ps(1) proc(5) regex(5)
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.SH STANDARDS
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\fBpkill\fP and \fBpgrep\fP were introduced in Sun's Solaris 7. This
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implementation is fully compatible.
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.SH AUTHOR
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Kjetil Torgrim Homme <kjetilho@ifi.uio.no>
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Michael K. Johnson <johnsonm@redhat.com> is the current maintainer of
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the procps package.
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Please send bug reports to <procps-bugs@redhat.com>
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