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procps/pgrep.c

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/*
* pgrep/pkill -- utilities to filter the process table
*
* Copyright 2000 Kjetil Torgrim Homme <kjetilho@ifi.uio.no>
* Changes by Albert Cahalan, 2002,2006.
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
* modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
* as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
* of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <pwd.h>
#include <grp.h>
#include <regex.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <getopt.h>
/* EXIT_SUCCESS is 0 */
/* EXIT_FAILURE is 1 */
#define EXIT_USAGE 2
#define EXIT_FATAL 3
#define XALLOC_EXIT_CODE EXIT_FATAL
#include "c.h"
#include "nls.h"
#include "xalloc.h"
#include "proc/readproc.h"
#include "proc/sig.h"
#include "proc/devname.h"
#include "proc/sysinfo.h"
#include "proc/version.h" /* procps_version */
static int i_am_pkill = 0;
struct el {
long num;
char * str;
};
/* User supplied arguments */
static int opt_full = 0;
static int opt_long = 0;
static int opt_oldest = 0;
static int opt_newest = 0;
static int opt_negate = 0;
static int opt_exact = 0;
static int opt_count = 0;
static int opt_signal = SIGTERM;
static int opt_lock = 0;
static int opt_case = 0;
static int opt_echo = 0;
static const char *opt_delim = "\n";
static struct el *opt_pgrp = NULL;
static struct el *opt_rgid = NULL;
static struct el *opt_pid = NULL;
static struct el *opt_ppid = NULL;
static struct el *opt_sid = NULL;
static struct el *opt_term = NULL;
static struct el *opt_euid = NULL;
static struct el *opt_ruid = NULL;
static char *opt_pattern = NULL;
static char *opt_pidfile = NULL;
static int __attribute__ ((__noreturn__)) usage(int opt)
{
int err = (opt == '?');
FILE *fp = err ? stderr : stdout;
fputs(USAGE_HEADER, fp);
fprintf(fp, _(" %s [options] <pattern>\n"), program_invocation_short_name);
fputs(USAGE_OPTIONS, fp);
if (i_am_pkill == 0) {
fputs(_(" -c, --count count of matching processes\n"
" -d, --delimeter <string> specify output delimeter\n"
" -l, --list-name list PID and process name\n"
" -v, --inverse negates the matching\n"), fp);
}
if (i_am_pkill == 1) {
fputs(_(" -<sig>, --signal <sig> signal to send (either number or name)\n"
" -e, --echo display what is killed\n"), fp);
}
fputs(_(" -f, --full use full process name to match\n"
" -g, --pgroup <id,...> match listed process group IDs\n"
" -G, --group <gid,...> match real group IDs\n"
" -n, --newest select most recently started\n"
" -o, --oldest select least recently started\n"
" -P, --parent <ppid,...> match only childs of given parent\n"
" -s, --session <sid,...> match session IDs\n"
" -t, --terminal <tty,...> match by controlling terminal\n"
" -u, --euid <id,...> match by effective IDs\n"
" -U, --uid <id,...> match by real IDs\n"
" -x, --exact match exectly with command name\n"
" -F, --pidfile <file> read PIDs from file\n"
" -L, --logpidfile fail if PID file is not locked\n"), fp);
fputs(USAGE_SEPARATOR, fp);
fputs(USAGE_HELP, fp);
fputs(USAGE_VERSION, fp);
fprintf(fp, USAGE_MAN_TAIL("pgrep(1)"));
exit(fp == stderr ? EXIT_FAILURE : EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
static struct el *split_list (const char *restrict str, int (*convert)(const char *, struct el *))
{
char *copy = xstrdup (str);
char *ptr = copy;
char *sep_pos;
int i = 0;
int size = 0;
struct el *list = NULL;
do {
if (i == size) {
size = size * 5 / 4 + 4;
/* add 1 because slot zero is a count */
list = xrealloc (list, 1 + size * sizeof *list);
}
sep_pos = strchr (ptr, ',');
if (sep_pos)
*sep_pos = 0;
/* Use ++i instead of i++ because slot zero is a count */
if (list && !convert (ptr, &list[++i]))
exit (EXIT_USAGE);
if (sep_pos)
ptr = sep_pos + 1;
} while (sep_pos);
free (copy);
if (!i) {
free (list);
list = NULL;
} else {
list[0].num = i;
}
return list;
}
/* strict_atol returns a Boolean: TRUE if the input string
* contains a plain number, FALSE if there are any non-digits. */
static int strict_atol (const char *restrict str, long *restrict value)
{
int res = 0;
int sign = 1;
if (*str == '+')
++str;
else if (*str == '-') {
++str;
sign = -1;
}
for ( ; *str; ++str) {
if (! isdigit (*str))
return (0);
res *= 10;
res += *str - '0';
}
*value = sign * res;
return 1;
}
#include <sys/file.h>
/* Seen non-BSD code do this:
*
*if (fcntl_lock(pid_fd, F_SETLK, F_WRLCK, SEEK_SET, 0, 0) == -1)
* return -1;
*/
int fcntl_lock(int fd, int cmd, int type, int whence, int start, int len)
{
struct flock lock[1];
lock->l_type = type;
lock->l_whence = whence;
lock->l_start = start;
lock->l_len = len;
return fcntl(fd, cmd, lock);
}
/* We try a read lock. The daemon should have a write lock.
* Seen using flock: FreeBSD code */
static int has_flock(int fd)
{
return flock(fd, LOCK_SH|LOCK_NB)==-1 && errno==EWOULDBLOCK;
}
/* We try a read lock. The daemon should have a write lock.
* Seen using fcntl: libslack */
static int has_fcntl(int fd)
{
struct flock f; /* seriously, struct flock is for a fnctl lock! */
f.l_type = F_RDLCK;
f.l_whence = SEEK_SET;
f.l_start = 0;
f.l_len = 0;
return fcntl(fd,F_SETLK,&f)==-1 && (errno==EACCES || errno==EAGAIN);
}
static struct el *read_pidfile(void)
{
char buf[12];
int fd;
struct stat sbuf;
char *endp;
int n, pid;
struct el *list = NULL;
fd = open(opt_pidfile, O_RDONLY|O_NOCTTY|O_NONBLOCK);
if(fd<0)
goto just_ret;
if(fstat(fd,&sbuf) || !S_ISREG(sbuf.st_mode) || sbuf.st_size<1)
goto out;
/* type of lock, if any, is not standardized on Linux */
if(opt_lock && !has_flock(fd) && !has_fcntl(fd))
goto out;
memset(buf,'\0',sizeof buf);
n = read(fd,buf+1,sizeof buf-2);
if (n<1)
goto out;
buf[n] = '\0';
pid = strtoul(buf+1,&endp,10);
if(endp<=buf+1 || pid<1 || pid>0x7fffffff)
goto out;
if(*endp && !isspace(*endp))
goto out;
list = xmalloc(2 * sizeof *list);
list[0].num = 1;
list[1].num = pid;
out:
close(fd);
just_ret:
return list;
}
static int conv_uid (const char *restrict name, struct el *restrict e)
{
struct passwd *pwd;
if (strict_atol (name, &e->num))
return (1);
pwd = getpwnam (name);
if (pwd == NULL) {
xwarnx(_("invalid user name: %s"), name);
return 0;
}
e->num = pwd->pw_uid;
return 1;
}
static int conv_gid (const char *restrict name, struct el *restrict e)
{
struct group *grp;
if (strict_atol (name, &e->num))
return 1;
grp = getgrnam (name);
if (grp == NULL) {
xwarnx(_("invalid group name: %s"), name);
return 0;
}
e->num = grp->gr_gid;
return 1;
}
static int conv_pgrp (const char *restrict name, struct el *restrict e)
{
if (! strict_atol (name, &e->num)) {
xwarnx(_("invalid process group: %s"), name);
return 0;
}
if (e->num == 0)
e->num = getpgrp ();
return 1;
}
static int conv_sid (const char *restrict name, struct el *restrict e)
{
if (! strict_atol (name, &e->num)) {
xwarnx(_("invalid session id: %s"), name);
return 0;
}
if (e->num == 0)
e->num = getsid (0);
return 1;
}
static int conv_num (const char *restrict name, struct el *restrict e)
{
if (! strict_atol (name, &e->num)) {
xwarnx(_("not a number: %s"), name);
return 0;
}
return 1;
}
static int conv_str (const char *restrict name, struct el *restrict e)
{
e->str = xstrdup (name);
return 1;
}
static int match_numlist (long value, const struct el *restrict list)
{
int found = 0;
if (list == NULL)
found = 0;
else {
int i;
for (i = list[0].num; i > 0; i--) {
if (list[i].num == value)
found = 1;
}
}
return found;
}
static int match_strlist (const char *restrict value, const struct el *restrict list)
{
int found = 0;
if (list == NULL)
found = 0;
else {
int i;
for (i = list[0].num; i > 0; i--) {
if (! strcmp (list[i].str, value))
found = 1;
}
}
return found;
}
static void output_numlist (const struct el *restrict list, int num)
{
int i;
const char *delim = opt_delim;
for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
if(i+1==num)
delim = "\n";
printf ("%ld%s", list[i].num, delim);
}
}
static void output_strlist (const struct el *restrict list, int num)
{
/* FIXME: escape codes */
int i;
const char *delim = opt_delim;
for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
if(i+1==num)
delim = "\n";
printf ("%lu %s%s", list[i].num, list[i].str, delim);
}
}
static PROCTAB *do_openproc (void)
{
PROCTAB *ptp;
int flags = 0;
if (opt_pattern || opt_full)
flags |= PROC_FILLCOM;
if (opt_ruid || opt_rgid)
flags |= PROC_FILLSTATUS;
if (opt_oldest || opt_newest || opt_pgrp || opt_sid || opt_term)
flags |= PROC_FILLSTAT;
if (!(flags & PROC_FILLSTAT))
flags |= PROC_FILLSTATUS; /* FIXME: need one, and PROC_FILLANY broken */
if (opt_euid && !opt_negate) {
int num = opt_euid[0].num;
int i = num;
uid_t *uids = xmalloc (num * sizeof (uid_t));
while (i-- > 0) {
uids[i] = opt_euid[i+1].num;
}
flags |= PROC_UID;
ptp = openproc (flags, uids, num);
} else {
ptp = openproc (flags);
}
return ptp;
}
static regex_t * do_regcomp (void)
{
regex_t *preg = NULL;
if (opt_pattern) {
char *re;
char errbuf[256];
int re_err;
preg = xmalloc (sizeof (regex_t));
if (opt_exact) {
re = xmalloc (strlen (opt_pattern) + 5);
sprintf (re, "^(%s)$", opt_pattern);
} else {
re = opt_pattern;
}
re_err = regcomp (preg, re, REG_EXTENDED | REG_NOSUB | opt_case);
if (re_err) {
regerror (re_err, preg, errbuf, sizeof(errbuf));
fputs(errbuf,stderr);
exit (EXIT_USAGE);
}
}
return preg;
}
static struct el * select_procs (int *num)
{
PROCTAB *ptp;
proc_t task;
unsigned long long saved_start_time; /* for new/old support */
pid_t saved_pid = 0; /* for new/old support */
int matches = 0;
int size = 0;
regex_t *preg;
pid_t myself = getpid();
struct el *list = NULL;
char cmd[4096];
ptp = do_openproc();
preg = do_regcomp();
if (opt_newest) saved_start_time = 0ULL;
else saved_start_time = ~0ULL;
if (opt_newest) saved_pid = 0;
if (opt_oldest) saved_pid = INT_MAX;
memset(&task, 0, sizeof (task));
while(readproc(ptp, &task)) {
int match = 1;
if (task.XXXID == myself)
continue;
else if (opt_newest && task.start_time < saved_start_time)
match = 0;
else if (opt_oldest && task.start_time > saved_start_time)
match = 0;
else if (opt_ppid && ! match_numlist (task.ppid, opt_ppid))
match = 0;
else if (opt_pid && ! match_numlist (task.tgid, opt_pid))
match = 0;
else if (opt_pgrp && ! match_numlist (task.pgrp, opt_pgrp))
match = 0;
else if (opt_euid && ! match_numlist (task.euid, opt_euid))
match = 0;
else if (opt_ruid && ! match_numlist (task.ruid, opt_ruid))
match = 0;
else if (opt_rgid && ! match_numlist (task.rgid, opt_rgid))
match = 0;
else if (opt_sid && ! match_numlist (task.session, opt_sid))
match = 0;
else if (opt_term) {
if (task.tty == 0) {
match = 0;
} else {
char tty[256];
dev_to_tty (tty, sizeof(tty) - 1,
task.tty, task.XXXID, ABBREV_DEV);
match = match_strlist (tty, opt_term);
}
}
if (opt_long || (match && opt_pattern)) {
if (opt_full && task.cmdline) {
int i = 0;
int bytes = sizeof (cmd) - 1;
/* make sure it is always NUL-terminated */
cmd[bytes] = 0;
/* make room for SPC in loop below */
--bytes;
strncpy (cmd, task.cmdline[i], bytes);
bytes -= strlen (task.cmdline[i++]);
while (task.cmdline[i] && bytes > 0) {
strncat (cmd, " ", bytes);
strncat (cmd, task.cmdline[i], bytes);
bytes -= strlen (task.cmdline[i++]) + 1;
}
} else {
strcpy (cmd, task.cmd);
}
}
if (match && opt_pattern) {
if (regexec (preg, cmd, 0, NULL, 0) != 0)
match = 0;
}
if (match ^ opt_negate) { /* Exclusive OR is neat */
if (opt_newest) {
if (saved_start_time == task.start_time &&
saved_pid > task.XXXID)
continue;
saved_start_time = task.start_time;
saved_pid = task.XXXID;
matches = 0;
}
if (opt_oldest) {
if (saved_start_time == task.start_time &&
saved_pid < task.XXXID)
continue;
saved_start_time = task.start_time;
saved_pid = task.XXXID;
matches = 0;
}
if (matches == size) {
size = size * 5 / 4 + 4;
list = xrealloc(list, size * sizeof *list);
}
if (list && (opt_long || opt_echo)) {
list[matches].num = task.XXXID;
list[matches++].str = xstrdup (cmd);
} else if (list) {
list[matches++].num = task.XXXID;
} else {
xerrx(EXIT_FAILURE, _("internal error"));
}
}
memset (&task, 0, sizeof (task));
}
closeproc (ptp);
*num = matches;
return list;
}
int signal_option(int *argc, char **argv)
{
int sig;
int i = 1;
while (i < *argc) {
sig = signal_name_to_number(argv[i] + 1);
if (sig == -1 && isdigit(argv[1][1]))
sig = atoi(argv[1] + 1);
if (-1 < sig) {
memmove(argv + i, argv + i + 1,
sizeof(char *) * (*argc - i));
(*argc)--;
return sig;
}
i++;
}
return -1;
}
static void parse_opts (int argc, char **argv)
{
char opts[32] = "";
int opt;
int criteria_count = 0;
enum {
SIGNAL_OPTION = CHAR_MAX + 1
};
static const struct option longopts[] = {
{"signal", required_argument, NULL, SIGNAL_OPTION},
{"count", no_argument, NULL, 'c'},
{"delimeter", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
{"list-name", no_argument, NULL, 'l'},
{"full", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
{"pgroup", required_argument, NULL, 'g'},
{"group", required_argument, NULL, 'G'},
{"newest", no_argument, NULL, 'n'},
{"oldest", no_argument, NULL, 'o'},
{"parent", required_argument, NULL, 'P'},
{"session", required_argument, NULL, 's'},
{"terminal", required_argument, NULL, 't'},
{"euid", required_argument, NULL, 'u'},
{"uid", required_argument, NULL, 'U'},
{"inverse", no_argument, NULL, 'v'},
{"exact", no_argument, NULL, 'x'},
{"pidfile", required_argument, NULL, 'F'},
{"logpidfile", no_argument, NULL, 'L'},
{"echo", no_argument, NULL, 'e'},
{"help", no_argument, NULL, 'h'},
{"version", no_argument, NULL, 'V'},
{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
};
if (strstr (program_invocation_short_name, "pkill")) {
int sig;
i_am_pkill = 1;
sig = signal_option(&argc, argv);
if (-1 < sig)
opt_signal = sig;
/* These options are for pkill only */
strcat (opts, "e");
} else {
/* These options are for pgrep only */
strcat (opts, "cld:v");
}
strcat (opts, "LF:fnoxP:g:s:u:U:G:t:?Vh");
while ((opt = getopt_long (argc, argv, opts, longopts, NULL)) != -1) {
switch (opt) {
case SIGNAL_OPTION:
opt_signal = signal_name_to_number (optarg);
if (opt_signal == -1 && isdigit (optarg[0]))
opt_signal = atoi (optarg);
break;
case 'e':
opt_echo = 1;
break;
/* case 'D': / * FreeBSD: print info about non-matches for debugging * /
* break; */
case 'F': /* FreeBSD: the arg is a file containing a PID to match */
opt_pidfile = xstrdup (optarg);
++criteria_count;
break;
case 'G': /* Solaris: match rgid/rgroup */
opt_rgid = split_list (optarg, conv_gid);
if (opt_rgid == NULL)
usage (opt);
++criteria_count;
break;
/* case 'I': / * FreeBSD: require confirmation before killing * /
* break; */
/* case 'J': / * Solaris: match by project ID (name or number) * /
* break; */
case 'L': /* FreeBSD: fail if pidfile (see -F) not locked */
opt_lock++;
break;
/* case 'M': / * FreeBSD: specify core (OS crash dump) file * /
* break; */
/* case 'N': / * FreeBSD: specify alternate namelist file (for us, System.map -- but we don't need it) * /
* break; */
case 'P': /* Solaris: match by PPID */
opt_ppid = split_list (optarg, conv_num);
if (opt_ppid == NULL)
usage (opt);
++criteria_count;
break;
/* case 'S': / * FreeBSD: don't ignore the built-in kernel tasks * /
* break; */
/* case 'T': / * Solaris: match by "task ID" (probably not a Linux task) * /
* break; */
case 'U': /* Solaris: match by ruid/rgroup */
opt_ruid = split_list (optarg, conv_uid);
if (opt_ruid == NULL)
usage (opt);
++criteria_count;
break;
case 'V':
printf(PROCPS_NG_VERSION);
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
/* case 'c': / * Solaris: match by contract ID * /
* break; */
case 'c':
opt_count = 1;
break;
case 'd': /* Solaris: change the delimiter */
opt_delim = xstrdup (optarg);
break;
case 'f': /* Solaris: match full process name (as in "ps -f") */
opt_full = 1;
break;
case 'g': /* Solaris: match pgrp */
opt_pgrp = split_list (optarg, conv_pgrp);
if (opt_pgrp == NULL)
usage (opt);
++criteria_count;
break;
/* case 'i': / * FreeBSD: ignore case. OpenBSD: withdrawn. See -I. This sucks. * /
* if (opt_case)
* usage (opt);
* opt_case = REG_ICASE;
* break; */
/* case 'j': / * FreeBSD: restricted to the given jail ID * /
* break; */
case 'l': /* Solaris: long output format (pgrep only) Should require -f for beyond argv[0] maybe? */
opt_long = 1;
break;
case 'n': /* Solaris: match only the newest */
if (opt_oldest|opt_negate|opt_newest)
usage (opt);
opt_newest = 1;
++criteria_count;
break;
case 'o': /* Solaris: match only the oldest */
if (opt_oldest|opt_negate|opt_newest)
usage (opt);
opt_oldest = 1;
++criteria_count;
break;
case 's': /* Solaris: match by session ID -- zero means self */
opt_sid = split_list (optarg, conv_sid);
if (opt_sid == NULL)
usage (opt);
++criteria_count;
break;
case 't': /* Solaris: match by tty */
opt_term = split_list (optarg, conv_str);
if (opt_term == NULL)
usage (opt);
++criteria_count;
break;
case 'u': /* Solaris: match by euid/egroup */
opt_euid = split_list (optarg, conv_uid);
if (opt_euid == NULL)
usage (opt);
++criteria_count;
break;
case 'v': /* Solaris: as in grep, invert the matching (uh... applied after selection I think) */
if (opt_oldest|opt_negate|opt_newest)
usage (opt);
opt_negate = 1;
break;
/* OpenBSD -x, being broken, does a plain string */
case 'x': /* Solaris: use ^(regexp)$ in place of regexp (FreeBSD too) */
opt_exact = 1;
break;
/* case 'z': / * Solaris: match by zone ID * /
* break; */
case 'h':
usage (opt);
break;
case '?':
usage (optopt ? optopt : opt);
break;
}
}
if(opt_lock && !opt_pidfile)
xerrx(EXIT_FAILURE, _("-L without -F makes no sense\n"
"Try `%s --help' for more information."),
program_invocation_short_name);
if(opt_pidfile){
opt_pid = read_pidfile();
if(!opt_pid)
xerrx(EXIT_FAILURE, _("pidfile not valid\n"
"Try `%s --help' for more information."),
program_invocation_short_name);
}
if (argc - optind == 1)
opt_pattern = argv[optind];
else if (argc - optind > 1)
xerrx(EXIT_FAILURE, _("only one pattern can be provided\n"
"Try `%s --help' for more information."),
program_invocation_short_name);
else if (criteria_count == 0)
xerrx(EXIT_FAILURE, _("no matching criteria specified\n"
"Try `%s --help' for more information."),
program_invocation_short_name);
}
int main (int argc, char **argv)
{
struct el *procs;
int num;
program_invocation_name = program_invocation_short_name;
setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
bindtextdomain(PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR);
textdomain(PACKAGE);
parse_opts (argc, argv);
procs = select_procs (&num);
if (i_am_pkill) {
int i;
for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
if (kill (procs[i].num, opt_signal) != -1) {
if (opt_echo)
printf(_("%s killed (pid %lu)\n"), procs[i].str, procs[i].num);
continue;
}
if (errno==ESRCH)
/* gone now, which is OK */
continue;
xwarn(_("killing pid %ld failed"), procs[i].num);
}
} else {
if (opt_count) {
fprintf(stdout, "%d\n", num);
} else {
if (opt_long)
output_strlist (procs,num);
else
output_numlist (procs,num);
}
}
return !num; /* exit(EXIT_SUCCESS) if match, otherwise exit(EXIT_FAILURE) */
}
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