217 lines
7.8 KiB
XML
217 lines
7.8 KiB
XML
|
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
|
||
|
|
<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN"
|
||
|
|
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.3/docbookx.dtd">
|
||
|
|
<refentry id='login.1'>
|
||
|
|
<!-- $Id: login.1.xml,v 1.6 2005/04/26 12:45:50 kloczek Exp $ -->
|
||
|
|
<refmeta>
|
||
|
|
<refentrytitle>LOGIN</refentrytitle>
|
||
|
|
<manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
|
||
|
|
<refmiscinfo class="sectdesc">User Commands</refmiscinfo>
|
||
|
|
</refmeta>
|
||
|
|
<refnamediv id='name'>
|
||
|
|
<refname>login</refname>
|
||
|
|
<refpurpose>begin session on the system</refpurpose>
|
||
|
|
</refnamediv>
|
||
|
|
<!-- body begins here -->
|
||
|
|
<refsynopsisdiv id='synopsis'>
|
||
|
|
<cmdsynopsis>
|
||
|
|
<command>login</command>
|
||
|
|
<arg choice='opt'>-p </arg>
|
||
|
|
<arg choice='opt'>
|
||
|
|
<replaceable>username</replaceable></arg>
|
||
|
|
<arg choice='opt' rep='repeat'> <replaceable>ENV=VAR</replaceable></arg>
|
||
|
|
</cmdsynopsis>
|
||
|
|
<cmdsynopsis>
|
||
|
|
<command>login</command>
|
||
|
|
<arg choice='opt'>-p </arg>
|
||
|
|
<arg choice='opt'>-h <replaceable>host</replaceable></arg>
|
||
|
|
<arg choice='opt'>-f <replaceable>username</replaceable></arg>
|
||
|
|
</cmdsynopsis>
|
||
|
|
<cmdsynopsis>
|
||
|
|
<command>login</command>
|
||
|
|
<arg choice='opt'>-p </arg>
|
||
|
|
<arg choice='plain'>-r <replaceable>host</replaceable></arg>
|
||
|
|
</cmdsynopsis>
|
||
|
|
</refsynopsisdiv>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<refsect1 id='description'>
|
||
|
|
<title>DESCRIPTION</title>
|
||
|
|
<para>
|
||
|
|
<command>login</command> is used to establish a new session with the
|
||
|
|
system. It is normally invoked automatically by responding to the
|
||
|
|
<emphasis remap='I'>login:</emphasis> prompt on the user´s
|
||
|
|
terminal. <command>login</command> may be special to the shell and may
|
||
|
|
not be invoked as a sub-process. Typically, <command>login</command>
|
||
|
|
is treated by the shell as <emphasis remap='B'>exec login</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
which causes the user to exit from the current shell. Attempting to
|
||
|
|
execute <command>login</command> from any shell but the login shell
|
||
|
|
will produce an error message.
|
||
|
|
</para>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<para>The user is then prompted for a password, where appropriate.
|
||
|
|
Echoing is disabled to prevent revealing the password. Only a small
|
||
|
|
number of password failures are permitted before
|
||
|
|
<command>login</command> exits and the communications link is severed.
|
||
|
|
</para>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<para>If password aging has been enabled for your account, you may be
|
||
|
|
prompted for a new password before proceeding. You will be forced to
|
||
|
|
provide your old password and the new password before continuing.
|
||
|
|
Please refer to <citerefentry>
|
||
|
|
<refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
|
||
|
|
</citerefentry> for more information.
|
||
|
|
</para>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<para>After a successful login, you will be informed of any system
|
||
|
|
messages and the presence of mail. You may turn off the printing of
|
||
|
|
the system message file, <filename>/etc/motd</filename>, by creating a
|
||
|
|
zero-length file <markup>.hushlogin</markup> in your login directory.
|
||
|
|
The mail message will be one of "<emphasis remap='B'>You have new
|
||
|
|
mail.</emphasis> ", "<emphasis remap='B'>You have mail.</emphasis>",
|
||
|
|
or "<emphasis remap='B'>No Mail.</emphasis> "according to the
|
||
|
|
condition of your mailbox.
|
||
|
|
</para>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<para>Your user and group ID will be set according to their values in
|
||
|
|
the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file. The value for <emphasis
|
||
|
|
remap='B'>$HOME</emphasis>, <emphasis remap='B'>$SHELL</emphasis>,
|
||
|
|
<emphasis remap='B'>$PATH</emphasis>, <emphasis remap='B'>$LOGNAME</emphasis>,
|
||
|
|
and <emphasis remap='B'>$MAIL</emphasis> are set according to the
|
||
|
|
appropriate fields in the password entry. Ulimit, umask and nice
|
||
|
|
values may also be set according to entries in the GECOS field.
|
||
|
|
</para>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<para>On some installations, the environmental variable <emphasis
|
||
|
|
remap='B'>$TERM</emphasis> will be initialized to the terminal type on
|
||
|
|
your tty line, as specified in <filename>/etc/ttytype</filename>.
|
||
|
|
</para>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<para>An initialization script for your command interpreter may also be
|
||
|
|
executed. Please see the appropriate manual section for more
|
||
|
|
information on
|
||
|
|
this function.
|
||
|
|
</para>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<para>A subsystem login is indicated by the presence of a "*" as the
|
||
|
|
first character of the login shell. The given home directory will be
|
||
|
|
used as the root of a new file system which the user is actually
|
||
|
|
logged into.
|
||
|
|
</para>
|
||
|
|
</refsect1>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<refsect1 id='options'>
|
||
|
|
<title>OPTIONS</title>
|
||
|
|
<variablelist remap='IP'>
|
||
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
||
|
|
<term>
|
||
|
|
<option>-f</option>
|
||
|
|
</term>
|
||
|
|
<listitem>
|
||
|
|
<para>Do not perform authentication, user is preauthenticated.
|
||
|
|
</para>
|
||
|
|
</listitem>
|
||
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
||
|
|
<term>
|
||
|
|
<option>-h</option>
|
||
|
|
</term>
|
||
|
|
<listitem>
|
||
|
|
<para>Name of the remote host for this login.</para>
|
||
|
|
</listitem>
|
||
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
||
|
|
<term>
|
||
|
|
<option>-p</option>
|
||
|
|
</term>
|
||
|
|
<listitem>
|
||
|
|
<para>Preserve environment.</para>
|
||
|
|
</listitem>
|
||
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
||
|
|
<term>
|
||
|
|
<option>-r</option>
|
||
|
|
</term>
|
||
|
|
<listitem>
|
||
|
|
<para>Perform autologin protocol for rlogin.</para>
|
||
|
|
</listitem>
|
||
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
|
</variablelist>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<para>The <option>-r</option>, <option>-h</option> and
|
||
|
|
<option>-f</option> options are only used when
|
||
|
|
<command>login</command> is invoked by root.
|
||
|
|
</para>
|
||
|
|
</refsect1>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<refsect1 id='caveats'>
|
||
|
|
<title>CAVEATS</title>
|
||
|
|
<para>
|
||
|
|
This version of <command>login</command> has many compilation options,
|
||
|
|
only some of which may be in use at any particular site.
|
||
|
|
</para>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<para>The location of files is subject to differences in system
|
||
|
|
configuration.
|
||
|
|
</para>
|
||
|
|
</refsect1>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<refsect1 id='files'>
|
||
|
|
<title>FILES</title>
|
||
|
|
<para>
|
||
|
|
<filename>/var/run/utmp</filename> - list of current login
|
||
|
|
sessions <!-- .br -->
|
||
|
|
<filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> - list of previous login
|
||
|
|
sessions
|
||
|
|
<!-- .br -->
|
||
|
|
<filename>/etc/passwd</filename> - user account information
|
||
|
|
<!-- .br -->
|
||
|
|
<filename>/etc/shadow</filename> - secure user account information
|
||
|
|
<!-- .br -->
|
||
|
|
<filename>/etc/motd</filename> - system message file
|
||
|
|
<!-- .br -->
|
||
|
|
<filename>/etc/nologin</filename> - prevent non-root users from
|
||
|
|
logging in
|
||
|
|
<!-- .br -->
|
||
|
|
<filename>/etc/ttytype</filename> - list of terminal types
|
||
|
|
<!-- .br -->
|
||
|
|
<emphasis remap='I'>$HOME/.hushlogin</emphasis> - suppress printing
|
||
|
|
of system messages
|
||
|
|
</para>
|
||
|
|
</refsect1>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<refsect1 id='see_also'>
|
||
|
|
<title>SEE ALSO</title>
|
||
|
|
<para>
|
||
|
|
<citerefentry>
|
||
|
|
<refentrytitle>mail</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
|
||
|
|
</citerefentry>,
|
||
|
|
<citerefentry>
|
||
|
|
<refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
|
||
|
|
</citerefentry>,
|
||
|
|
<citerefentry>
|
||
|
|
<refentrytitle>sh</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
|
||
|
|
</citerefentry>,
|
||
|
|
<citerefentry>
|
||
|
|
<refentrytitle>su</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
|
||
|
|
</citerefentry>,
|
||
|
|
<citerefentry>
|
||
|
|
<refentrytitle>login.defs</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
|
||
|
|
</citerefentry>,
|
||
|
|
<citerefentry>
|
||
|
|
<refentrytitle>nologin</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
|
||
|
|
</citerefentry>,
|
||
|
|
<citerefentry>
|
||
|
|
<refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
|
||
|
|
</citerefentry>,
|
||
|
|
<citerefentry>
|
||
|
|
<refentrytitle>getty</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
|
||
|
|
</citerefentry>
|
||
|
|
</para>
|
||
|
|
</refsect1>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<refsect1 id='author'>
|
||
|
|
<title>AUTHOR</title>
|
||
|
|
<para>Julianne Frances Haugh <jockgrrl@ix.netcom.com></para>
|
||
|
|
</refsect1>
|
||
|
|
</refentry>
|