shadow/src/newusers.c

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/*
* Copyright 1990 - 1993, Julianne Frances Haugh
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. Neither the name of Julianne F. Haugh nor the names of its contributors
* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
* without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY JULIE HAUGH AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL JULIE HAUGH OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
*
* newusers - create users from a batch file
*
* newusers creates a collection of entries in /etc/passwd
* and related files by reading a passwd-format file and
* adding entries in the related directories.
*/
#include <config.h>
#ident "$Id$"
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <pwd.h>
#include <grp.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <getopt.h>
#ifdef USE_PAM
#include "pam_defs.h"
#endif /* USE_PAM */
#include "prototypes.h"
#include "defines.h"
#include "getdef.h"
#include "groupio.h"
#include "nscd.h"
#include "pwio.h"
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#include "sgroupio.h"
#include "shadowio.h"
/*
* Global variables
*/
static char *Prog;
static int cflg = 0;
static int sflg = 0;
static char *crypt_method = NULL;
static long sha_rounds = 5000;
static int is_shadow;
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#ifdef SHADOWGRP
static int is_shadow_grp;
#endif
/* local function prototypes */
static void usage (void);
static int add_group (const char *, const char *, gid_t *);
static int add_user (const char *, const char *, uid_t *, gid_t);
static void update_passwd (struct passwd *, const char *);
static int add_passwd (struct passwd *, const char *);
static void process_flags (int argc, char **argv);
static void check_flags (void);
static void check_perms (void);
static void open_files (void);
static void close_files (void);
/*
* usage - display usage message and exit
*/
static void usage (void)
{
fprintf (stderr, _("Usage: %s [options] [input]\n"
"\n"
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" -c, --crypt-method the crypt method (one of %s)\n"
"%s"
"\n"),
Prog,
#ifndef USE_SHA_CRYPT
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"NONE DES MD5", ""
#else
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"NONE DES MD5 SHA256 SHA512",
_(" -s, --sha-rounds number of SHA rounds for the SHA*\n"
" crypt algorithms\n")
#endif
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);
exit (1);
}
/*
* add_group - create a new group or add a user to an existing group
*/
static int add_group (const char *name, const char *gid, gid_t * ngid)
{
const struct passwd *pwd;
const struct group *grp;
struct group grent;
char *members[1];
int i;
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#ifdef SHADOWGRP
const struct sgrp *sg;
#endif
/*
* Start by seeing if the named group already exists. This will be
* very easy to deal with if it does.
*/
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grp = gr_locate (gid);
if (NULL != grp) {
/* The user will use this ID for her primary group */
*ngid = grp->gr_gid;
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/* Don't check gshadow */
return 0;
}
/*
* The group did not exist, so I try to figure out what the GID is
* going to be. The gid parameter is probably "", meaning I figure
* out the GID from the password file. I want the UID and GID to
* match, unless the GID is already used.
*/
if (gid[0] == '\0') {
i = 100;
for (pw_rewind (); (pwd = pw_next ());) {
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if (pwd->pw_uid >= (unsigned int)i) {
i = pwd->pw_uid + 1;
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}
}
for (gr_rewind (); (grp = gr_next ());) {
if (grp->gr_gid == (unsigned int)i) {
i = -1;
break;
}
}
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} else if ((gid[0] >= '0') && (gid[0] <= '9')) {
/*
* The GID is a number, which means either this is a brand
* new group, or an existing group.
*/
i = atoi (gid);
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for (gr_rewind (); (grp = gr_next ());) {
if (grp->gr_gid == (unsigned int)i) {
/* The user will use this ID for her
* primary group */
*ngid = grp->gr_gid;
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/* Don't check gshadow */
return 0;
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}
}
} else {
/*
* The last alternative is that the GID is a name which is
* not already the name of an existing group, and I need to
* figure out what group ID that group name is going to
* have.
*/
i = -1;
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}
/*
* If I don't have a group ID by now, I'll go get the next one.
*/
if (i == -1) {
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for (i = 100, gr_rewind (); (grp = gr_next ());) {
if (grp->gr_gid >= (unsigned int)i) {
i = grp->gr_gid + 1;
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}
}
}
/*
* Now I have all of the fields required to create the new group.
*/
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if (('\0' != gid[0]) && ((gid[0] <= '0') || (gid[0] >= '9'))) {
grent.gr_name = xstrdup (gid);
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} else {
grent.gr_name = xstrdup (name);
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}
grent.gr_passwd = "x"; /* XXX warning: const */
grent.gr_gid = i;
members[0] = NULL;
grent.gr_mem = members;
*ngid = grent.gr_gid;
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#ifdef SHADOWGRP
if (is_shadow_grp) {
sg = sgr_locate (grp->gr_name);
if (NULL != sg) {
fprintf (stderr,
_("%s: group %s is a shadow group, but does not exist in /etc/group\n"),
Prog, grp->gr_name);
return -1;
}
}
#endif
if (gr_update (&grent) == 0) {
return -1;
}
#ifdef SHADOWGRP
if (is_shadow_grp) {
struct sgrp sgrent;
sgrent.sg_name = grent.gr_name;
sgrent.sg_passwd = "*"; /* XXX warning: const */
sgrent.sg_adm = NULL;
sgrent.sg_mem = members;
if (sgr_update (&sgrent) == 0) {
fprintf (stderr,
_("%s: group %s created, failure during the creation of the corresponding gshadow group\n"),
Prog, grent.gr_name);
return -1;
}
}
#endif
return 0;
}
/*
* add_user - create a new user ID
*/
static int add_user (const char *name, const char *uid, uid_t * nuid, gid_t gid)
{
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const struct passwd *pwd = NULL;
struct passwd pwent;
uid_t i;
/*
* The first guess for the UID is either the numerical UID that the
* caller provided, or the next available UID.
*/
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if ((uid[0] >= '0') && (uid[0] <= '9')) {
i = atoi (uid);
} else {
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if ('\0' != uid[0]) {
pwd = pw_locate (uid);
}
if (NULL != pwd) {
i = pwd->pw_uid;
} else {
/* Start with gid, either the specified GID, or an ID
* greater than all the group and user IDs */
i = gid;
for (pw_rewind (); (pwd = pw_next ());) {
if (pwd->pw_uid >= i) {
i = pwd->pw_uid + 1;
}
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}
}
}
/*
* I don't want to fill in the entire password structure members
* JUST YET, since there is still more data to be added. So, I fill
* in the parts that I have.
*/
pwent.pw_name = xstrdup (name);
pwent.pw_passwd = "x"; /* XXX warning: const */
pwent.pw_uid = i;
pwent.pw_gid = gid;
pwent.pw_gecos = ""; /* XXX warning: const */
pwent.pw_dir = ""; /* XXX warning: const */
pwent.pw_shell = ""; /* XXX warning: const */
*nuid = i;
return !pw_update (&pwent);
}
static void update_passwd (struct passwd *pwd, const char *password)
{
void *crypt_arg = NULL;
if (crypt_method != NULL) {
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if (sflg) {
crypt_arg = &sha_rounds;
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}
}
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if ((crypt_method != NULL) && (0 == strcmp(crypt_method, "NONE"))) {
pwd->pw_passwd = (char *)password;
} else {
pwd->pw_passwd = pw_encrypt (password,
crypt_make_salt (crypt_method,
crypt_arg));
}
}
/*
* add_passwd - add or update the encrypted password
*/
static int add_passwd (struct passwd *pwd, const char *password)
{
const struct spwd *sp;
struct spwd spent;
void *crypt_arg = NULL;
if (crypt_method != NULL) {
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if (sflg) {
crypt_arg = &sha_rounds;
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}
}
/*
* In the case of regular password files, this is real easy - pwd
* points to the entry in the password file. Shadow files are
* harder since there are zillions of things to do ...
*/
if (!is_shadow) {
update_passwd (pwd, password);
return 0;
}
/*
* Do the first and easiest shadow file case. The user already
* exists in the shadow password file.
*/
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sp = spw_locate (pwd->pw_name);
if (NULL != sp) {
spent = *sp;
spent.sp_pwdp = pw_encrypt (password,
crypt_make_salt (crypt_method,
crypt_arg));
return !spw_update (&spent);
}
/*
* Pick the next easiest case - the user has an encrypted password
* which isn't equal to "x". The password was set to "x" earlier
* when the entry was created, so this user would have to have had
* the password set someplace else.
*/
if (strcmp (pwd->pw_passwd, "x") != 0) {
update_passwd (pwd, password);
return 0;
}
/*
* Now the really hard case - I need to create an entirely new
* shadow password file entry.
*/
spent.sp_namp = pwd->pw_name;
spent.sp_pwdp = pw_encrypt (password,
crypt_make_salt (crypt_method, crypt_arg));
spent.sp_lstchg = time ((time_t *) 0) / SCALE;
spent.sp_min = getdef_num ("PASS_MIN_DAYS", 0);
/* 10000 is infinity this week */
spent.sp_max = getdef_num ("PASS_MAX_DAYS", 10000);
spent.sp_warn = getdef_num ("PASS_WARN_AGE", -1);
spent.sp_inact = -1;
spent.sp_expire = -1;
spent.sp_flag = -1;
return !spw_update (&spent);
}
/*
* process_flags - parse the command line options
*
* It will not return if an error is encountered.
*/
static void process_flags (int argc, char **argv)
{
int option_index = 0;
int c;
static struct option long_options[] = {
{"crypt-method", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
{"help", no_argument, NULL, 'h'},
#ifdef USE_SHA_CRYPT
{"sha-rounds", required_argument, NULL, 's'},
#endif
{NULL, 0, NULL, '\0'}
};
while ((c = getopt_long (argc, argv,
#ifdef USE_SHA_CRYPT
"c:hs:",
#else
"c:h",
#endif
long_options, &option_index)) != -1) {
switch (c) {
case 'c':
cflg = 1;
crypt_method = optarg;
break;
case 'h':
usage ();
break;
#ifdef USE_SHA_CRYPT
case 's':
sflg = 1;
if (!getlong(optarg, &sha_rounds)) {
fprintf (stderr,
_("%s: invalid numeric argument '%s'\n"),
Prog, optarg);
usage ();
}
break;
#endif
case 0:
/* long option */
break;
default:
usage ();
break;
}
}
if (argv[optind] != NULL) {
if (!freopen (argv[optind], "r", stdin)) {
char buf[BUFSIZ];
snprintf (buf, sizeof buf, "%s: %s", Prog, argv[1]);
perror (buf);
exit (1);
}
}
/* validate options */
check_flags ();
}
/*
* check_flags - check flags and parameters consistency
*
* It will not return if an error is encountered.
*/
static void check_flags (void)
{
if (sflg && !cflg) {
fprintf (stderr,
_("%s: %s flag is ONLY allowed with the %s flag\n"),
Prog, "-s", "-c");
usage ();
}
if (cflg) {
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if ( (0 != strcmp (crypt_method, "DES"))
&& (0 != strcmp (crypt_method, "MD5"))
&& (0 != strcmp (crypt_method, "NONE"))
#ifdef USE_SHA_CRYPT
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&& (0 != strcmp (crypt_method, "SHA256"))
&& (0 != strcmp (crypt_method, "SHA512"))
#endif
) {
fprintf (stderr,
_("%s: unsupported crypt method: %s\n"),
Prog, crypt_method);
usage ();
}
}
}
/*
* check_perms - check if the caller is allowed to add a group
*
* With PAM support, the setuid bit can be set on groupadd to allow
* non-root users to groups.
* Without PAM support, only users who can write in the group databases
* can add groups.
*
* It will not return if the user is not allowed.
*/
static void check_perms (void)
{
#ifdef USE_PAM
pam_handle_t *pamh = NULL;
int retval = PAM_SUCCESS;
struct passwd *pampw;
pampw = getpwuid (getuid ()); /* local, no need for xgetpwuid */
if (pampw == NULL) {
retval = PAM_USER_UNKNOWN;
}
if (retval == PAM_SUCCESS) {
retval = pam_start ("newusers", pampw->pw_name, &conv, &pamh);
}
if (retval == PAM_SUCCESS) {
retval = pam_authenticate (pamh, 0);
if (retval != PAM_SUCCESS) {
pam_end (pamh, retval);
}
}
if (retval == PAM_SUCCESS) {
retval = pam_acct_mgmt (pamh, 0);
if (retval != PAM_SUCCESS) {
pam_end (pamh, retval);
}
}
if (retval != PAM_SUCCESS) {
fprintf (stderr, _("%s: PAM authentication failed\n"), Prog);
exit (1);
}
#endif /* USE_PAM */
}
/*
* open_files - lock and open the password, group and shadow databases
*/
static void open_files (void)
{
/*
* Lock the password files and open them for update. This will bring
* all of the entries into memory where they may be searched for an
* modified, or new entries added. The password file is the key - if
* it gets locked, assume the others can be locked right away.
*/
if (!pw_lock ()) {
fprintf (stderr, _("%s: can't lock /etc/passwd.\n"), Prog);
exit (1);
}
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if ( (is_shadow && !spw_lock ())
|| (!gr_lock ())
#ifdef SHADOWGRP
|| (is_shadow_grp && !sgr_lock())
#endif
) {
fprintf (stderr,
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_("%s: can't lock files, try again later\n"), Prog);
(void) pw_unlock ();
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if (is_shadow) {
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(void) spw_unlock ();
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}
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(void) gr_unlock ();
exit (1);
}
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if ( (!pw_open (O_RDWR))
|| (is_shadow && !spw_open (O_RDWR))
|| !gr_open (O_RDWR)
#ifdef SHADOWGRP
|| (is_shadow_grp && !sgr_open(O_RDWR))
#endif
) {
fprintf (stderr, _("%s: can't open files\n"), Prog);
(void) pw_unlock ();
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if (is_shadow) {
spw_unlock ();
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}
(void) gr_unlock ();
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#ifdef SHADOWGRP
if (is_shadow_grp) {
(void) sgr_unlock();
}
#endif
exit (1);
}
}
/*
* close_files - close and unlock the password, group and shadow databases
*/
static void close_files (void)
{
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if ( (!pw_close ())
|| (is_shadow && !spw_close ())
|| !gr_close ()
#ifdef SHADOWGRP
|| (is_shadow_grp && !sgr_close())
#endif
) {
fprintf (stderr, _("%s: error updating files\n"), Prog);
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#ifdef SHADOWGRP
if (is_shadow_grp) {
(void) sgr_unlock();
}
#endif
(void) gr_unlock ();
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if (is_shadow) {
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(void) spw_unlock ();
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}
(void) pw_unlock ();
exit (1);
}
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#ifdef SHADOWGRP
if (is_shadow_grp) {
(void) sgr_unlock();
}
#endif
(void) gr_unlock ();
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if (is_shadow) {
(void) spw_unlock ();
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}
(void) pw_unlock ();
}
int main (int argc, char **argv)
{
char buf[BUFSIZ];
char *fields[8];
int nfields;
char *cp;
const struct passwd *pw;
struct passwd newpw;
int errors = 0;
int line = 0;
uid_t uid;
gid_t gid;
Prog = Basename (argv[0]);
setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR);
textdomain (PACKAGE);
process_flags (argc, argv);
check_perms ();
is_shadow = spw_file_present ();
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#ifdef SHADOWGRP
is_shadow_grp = sgr_file_present ();
#endif
open_files ();
/*
* Read each line. The line has the same format as a password file
* entry, except that certain fields are not constrained to be
* numerical values. If a group ID is entered which does not already
* exist, an attempt is made to allocate the same group ID as the
* numerical user ID. Should that fail, the next available group ID
* over 100 is allocated. The pw_gid field will be updated with that
* value.
*/
while (fgets (buf, sizeof buf, stdin) != (char *) 0) {
line++;
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cp = strrchr (buf, '\n');
if (NULL != cp) {
*cp = '\0';
} else {
fprintf (stderr, _("%s: line %d: line too long\n"),
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Prog, line);
errors++;
continue;
}
/*
* Break the string into fields and screw around with them.
* There MUST be 7 colon separated fields, although the
* values aren't that particular.
*/
for (cp = buf, nfields = 0; nfields < 7; nfields++) {
fields[nfields] = cp;
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cp = strchr (cp, ':');
if (NULL != cp) {
*cp++ = '\0';
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} else {
break;
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}
}
if (nfields != 6) {
fprintf (stderr, _("%s: line %d: invalid line\n"),
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Prog, line);
continue;
}
/*
* Now the fields are processed one by one. The first field
* to be processed is the group name. A new group will be
* created if the group name is non-numeric and does not
* already exist. If the group name is a number (which is not
* an existing GID), a group with the same name as the user
* will be created, with the given GID. The given or created
* group will be the primary group of the user. If
* there is no named group to be a member of, the UID will
* be figured out and that value will be a candidate for a
* new group, if that group ID exists, a whole new group ID
* will be made up.
*/
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pw = pw_locate (fields[0]);
if ( (NULL == pw)
&& (add_group (fields[0], fields[3], &gid) != 0)) {
fprintf (stderr,
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_("%s: line %d: can't create GID\n"),
Prog, line);
errors++;
continue;
}
/*
* Now we work on the user ID. It has to be specified either
* as a numerical value, or left blank. If it is a numerical
* value, that value will be used, otherwise the next
* available user ID is computed and used. After this there
* will at least be a (struct passwd) for the user.
*/
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if ( (NULL == pw)
&& (add_user (fields[0], fields[2], &uid, gid) != 0)) {
fprintf (stderr,
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_("%s: line %d: can't create UID\n"),
Prog, line);
errors++;
continue;
}
/*
* The password, gecos field, directory, and shell fields
* all come next.
*/
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pw = pw_locate (fields[0]);
if (NULL == pw) {
fprintf (stderr,
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_("%s: line %d: cannot find user %s\n"),
Prog, line, fields[0]);
errors++;
continue;
}
newpw = *pw;
if (add_passwd (&newpw, fields[1])) {
fprintf (stderr,
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_("%s: line %d: can't update password\n"),
Prog, line);
errors++;
continue;
}
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if (fields[4][0]) {
newpw.pw_gecos = fields[4];
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}
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if (fields[5][0]) {
newpw.pw_dir = fields[5];
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}
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if (fields[6][0]) {
newpw.pw_shell = fields[6];
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}
if (newpw.pw_dir[0] && access (newpw.pw_dir, F_OK)) {
if (mkdir (newpw.pw_dir,
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0777 & ~getdef_num ("UMASK",
GETDEF_DEFAULT_UMASK))) {
fprintf (stderr,
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_("%s: line %d: mkdir failed\n"), Prog,
line);
} else if (chown
(newpw.pw_dir, newpw.pw_uid, newpw.pw_gid)) {
fprintf (stderr,
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_("%s: line %d: chown failed\n"), Prog,
line);
}
}
/*
* Update the password entry with the new changes made.
*/
if (!pw_update (&newpw)) {
fprintf (stderr,
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_("%s: line %d: can't update entry\n"),
Prog, line);
errors++;
continue;
}
}
/*
* Any detected errors will cause the entire set of changes to be
* aborted. Unlocking the password file will cause all of the
* changes to be ignored. Otherwise the file is closed, causing the
* changes to be written out all at once, and then unlocked
* afterwards.
*/
if (errors) {
fprintf (stderr,
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_("%s: error detected, changes ignored\n"), Prog);
(void) gr_unlock ();
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if (is_shadow) {
spw_unlock ();
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}
(void) pw_unlock ();
exit (1);
}
close_files ();
nscd_flush_cache ("passwd");
nscd_flush_cache ("group");
#ifdef USE_PAM
pam_end (pamh, PAM_SUCCESS);
#endif /* USE_PAM */
exit (0);
/* NOT REACHED */
}