Remove generated translated manpages. They are still distributed with the shadow tarballs.
This commit is contained in:
nekral-guest
125
man/sv/chage.1
125
man/sv/chage.1
@@ -1,125 +0,0 @@
|
||||
.\" Title: chage
|
||||
.\" Author:
|
||||
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.70.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
|
||||
.\" Date: 20.07.2006
|
||||
.\" Manual: Användarkommandon
|
||||
.\" Source: Användarkommandon
|
||||
.\"
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||||
.TH "CHAGE" "1" "20\-07\-2006" "Användarkommandon" "Användarkommandon"
|
||||
.\" disable hyphenation
|
||||
.nh
|
||||
.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
|
||||
.ad l
|
||||
.SH "NAMN"
|
||||
chage \- ändra åldringsinformation för användarlösenord
|
||||
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
|
||||
.HP 6
|
||||
\fBchage\fR [\fIflaggor\fR] [\fIINLOGGNINGSNAMN\fR]
|
||||
.SH "BESKRIVNING"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The
|
||||
\fBchage\fR
|
||||
command changes the number of days between password changes and the date of the last password change. This information is used by the system to determine when a user must change his/her password.
|
||||
.SH "FLAGGOR"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Flaggorna som gäller för kommandot
|
||||
\fBchage\fR
|
||||
är:
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-lastday\fR\fISISTA_DAG\fR
|
||||
Set the number of days since January 1st, 1970 when the password was last changed. The date may also be expressed in the format YYYY\-MM\-DD (or the format more commonly used in your area).
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-E\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR\fIUTGÅNGSDATUM\fR
|
||||
Set the date or number of days since January 1, 1970 on which the user's account will no longer be accessible. The date may also be expressed in the format YYYY\-MM\-DD (or the format more commonly used in your area). A user whose account is locked must contact the system administrator before being able to use the system again.
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
Passing the number
|
||||
\fI\-1\fR
|
||||
as the
|
||||
\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR
|
||||
will remove an account expiration date.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR
|
||||
Visa hjälpmeddelande och avsluta.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-I\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\fIINAKTIV\fR
|
||||
Set the number of days of inactivity after a password has expired before the account is locked. The
|
||||
\fIINACTIVE\fR
|
||||
option is the number of days of inactivity. A user whose account is locked must contact the system administrator before being able to use the system again.
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
Passing the number
|
||||
\fI\-1\fR
|
||||
as the
|
||||
\fIINACTIVE\fR
|
||||
will remove an account's inactivity.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-l\fR, \fB\-\-list\fR
|
||||
Visa kontots åldringsinformation
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-m\fR, \fB\-\-mindays\fR\fIMIN_DAGAR\fR
|
||||
Sätter minimalt antal dagar mellan lösenordsändringar till
|
||||
\fIMIN_DAGAR\fR. Ett nollvärde för detta fält betyder att användaren kan ändra sitt lösenord när som helst.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-M\fR, \fB\-\-maxdays\fR\fIMAX_DAGAR\fR
|
||||
Set the maximum number of days during which a password is valid. When
|
||||
\fIMAX_DAYS\fR
|
||||
plus
|
||||
\fILAST_DAY\fR
|
||||
is less than the current day, the user will be required to change his/her password before being able to use his/her account. This occurrence can be planned for in advance by use of the
|
||||
\fB\-W\fR
|
||||
option, which provides the user with advance warning.
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
Passing the number
|
||||
\fI\-1\fR
|
||||
as
|
||||
\fIMAX_DAYS\fR
|
||||
will remove checking a password's validity.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-W\fR, \fB\-\-warndays\fR\fIVARN_DAGAR\fR
|
||||
Set the number of days of warning before a password change is required. The
|
||||
\fIWARN_DAYS\fR
|
||||
option is the number of days prior to the password expiring that a user will be warned his/her password is about to expire.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
If none of the options are selected,
|
||||
\fBchage\fR
|
||||
operates in an interactive fashion, prompting the user with the current values for all of the fields. Enter the new value to change the field, or leave the line blank to use the current value. The current value is displayed between a pair of
|
||||
\fI[ ]\fR
|
||||
marks.
|
||||
.SH "NOTERA"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Programmet
|
||||
\fBchage\fR
|
||||
kräver att en skugglösenordsfil finns tillgänglig.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The
|
||||
\fBchage\fR
|
||||
command is restricted to the root user, except for the
|
||||
\fB\-l\fR
|
||||
option, which may be used by an unprivileged user to determine when his/her password or account is due to expire.
|
||||
.SH "FILER"
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/passwd\fR
|
||||
Användarkontoinformation.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/shadow\fR
|
||||
Säker användarkontoinformation.
|
||||
.SH "AVSLUTNINGSVÄRDEN"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Kommandot
|
||||
\fBchage\fR
|
||||
avslutas med följande värden:
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI0\fR
|
||||
lyckad
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI1\fR
|
||||
åtkomst nekad
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI2\fR
|
||||
ogiltig kommandosyntax
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI15\fR
|
||||
kan inte hitta skugglösenordsfilen
|
||||
.SH "SE OCKSÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fBpasswd\fR(5),
|
||||
\fBshadow\fR(5).
|
||||
@@ -1,50 +0,0 @@
|
||||
.\" Title: chfn
|
||||
.\" Author:
|
||||
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.70.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
|
||||
.\" Date: 20.07.2006
|
||||
.\" Manual: Användarkommandon
|
||||
.\" Source: Användarkommandon
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||||
.\"
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||||
.TH "CHFN" "1" "20\-07\-2006" "Användarkommandon" "Användarkommandon"
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||||
.\" disable hyphenation
|
||||
.nh
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||||
.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
|
||||
.ad l
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||||
.SH "NAMN"
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||||
chfn \- ändra verkligt användarnamn och information
|
||||
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
|
||||
.HP 5
|
||||
\fBchfn\fR [\-f\ \fIfullständigt_namn\fR] [\-r\ \fIrumsnummer\fR] [\-w\ \fIarbetstelefon\fR] [\-h\ \fIhemtelefon\fR] [\-o\ \fIövrigt\fR] [\fIanvändare\fR]
|
||||
.SH "BESKRIVNING"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fBchfn\fR
|
||||
changes user fullname, office number, office extension, and home phone number information for a user's account. This information is typically printed by
|
||||
\fBfinger\fR(1)
|
||||
and similar programs. A normal user may only change the fields for her own account, subject to the restrictions in
|
||||
\fI/etc/login.defs\fR. (The default configuration is to prevent users from changing their fullname.) The super user may change any field for any account. Additionally, only the super user may use the
|
||||
\fB\-o\fR
|
||||
option to change the undefined portions of the GECOS field.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The only restriction placed on the contents of the fields is that no control characters may be present, nor any of comma, colon, or equal sign. The
|
||||
\fIother\fR
|
||||
field does not have this restriction, and is used to store accounting information used by other applications.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
If none of the options are selected,
|
||||
\fBchfn\fR
|
||||
operates in an interactive fashion, prompting the user with the current values for all of the fields. Enter the new value to change the field, or leave the line blank to use the current value. The current value is displayed between a pair of
|
||||
\fB[ ]\fR
|
||||
marks. Without options,
|
||||
\fBchfn\fR
|
||||
prompts for the current user account.
|
||||
.SH "FILER"
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/login.defs\fR
|
||||
Shadow password suite configuration.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/passwd\fR
|
||||
Användarkontoinformation.
|
||||
.SH "SE OCKSÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fBchsh\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBlogin.defs\fR(5),
|
||||
\fBpasswd\fR(5).
|
||||
@@ -1,48 +0,0 @@
|
||||
.\" Title: chgpasswd
|
||||
.\" Author:
|
||||
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.70.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
|
||||
.\" Date: 20.07.2006
|
||||
.\" Manual: Systemhanteringskommandon
|
||||
.\" Source: Systemhanteringskommandon
|
||||
.\"
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||||
.TH "CHGPASSWD" "8" "20\-07\-2006" "Systemhanteringskommandon" "Systemhanteringskommandon"
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||||
.\" disable hyphenation
|
||||
.nh
|
||||
.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
|
||||
.ad l
|
||||
.SH "NAMN"
|
||||
chgpasswd \- uppdatera grupplösenord i satsläge
|
||||
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
|
||||
.HP 10
|
||||
\fBchgpasswd\fR [\fIflaggor\fR]
|
||||
.SH "BESKRIVNING"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fBchgpasswd\fR
|
||||
läser en lista på gruppnamn och lösenordspar från standard in och använder denna information för att uppdatera en uppsÃ\(Csttning redan existerande grupper. Varje rad är i formatet:
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fIgruppnamn\fR:\fIlösenord\fR
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Som standard måste det insända lösenordet vara i klartext. Standardkrypteringsalgoritmen är DES.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
This command is intended to be used in a large system environment where many accounts are created at a single time.
|
||||
.SH "FLAGGOR"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Flaggorna som gäller för kommandot
|
||||
\fBchgpasswd\fR
|
||||
är:
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-e\fR, \fB\-\-encrypted\fR
|
||||
Insända lösenord är i ett krypterat format.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR
|
||||
Visa hjälpmeddelande och avsluta.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-m\fR, \fB\-\-md5\fR
|
||||
Använd MD5\-kryptering istället för DES när insända lösenord inte är krypterade.
|
||||
.SH "TÄNK PÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Kom ihåg att ställa in rättigheter eller umask för att förhindra lÃ\(Cssning av okrypterade filer för andra användare.
|
||||
.SH "SE OCKSÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fBgpasswd\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBgroupadd\fR(8).
|
||||
@@ -1,50 +0,0 @@
|
||||
.\" Title: chpasswd
|
||||
.\" Author:
|
||||
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.70.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
|
||||
.\" Date: 20.07.2006
|
||||
.\" Manual: Systemhanteringskommandon
|
||||
.\" Source: Systemhanteringskommandon
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.TH "CHPASSWD" "8" "20\-07\-2006" "Systemhanteringskommandon" "Systemhanteringskommandon"
|
||||
.\" disable hyphenation
|
||||
.nh
|
||||
.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
|
||||
.ad l
|
||||
.SH "NAMN"
|
||||
chpasswd \- uppdatera lösenord i satsläge
|
||||
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
|
||||
.HP 9
|
||||
\fBchpasswd\fR [\fIflaggor\fR]
|
||||
.SH "BESKRIVNING"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
|
||||
\fBchpasswd\fR
|
||||
reads a list of user name and password pairs from standard input and uses this information to update a group of existing users. Each line is of the format:
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fIanvändarnamn\fR:\fIlösenord\fR
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
By default the supplied password must be in clear\-text. Default encryption algorithm is DES. Also the password age will be updated, if present.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
This command is intended to be used in a large system environment where many accounts are created at a single time.
|
||||
.SH "FLAGGOR"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Flaggorna som gäller för kommandot
|
||||
\fBchpasswd\fR
|
||||
är:
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-e\fR, \fB\-\-encrypted\fR
|
||||
Insända lösenord är i ett krypterat format.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR
|
||||
Visa hjälpmeddelande och avsluta.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-m\fR, \fB\-\-md5\fR
|
||||
Använd MD5\-kryptering istället för DES när insända lösenord inte är krypterade.
|
||||
.SH "TÄNK PÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Kom ihåg att ställa in rättigheter eller umask för att förhindra lÃ\(Cssning av okrypterade filer för andra användare.
|
||||
.SH "SE OCKSÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fBpasswd\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBnewusers\fR(8),
|
||||
\fBuseradd\fR(8).
|
||||
@@ -1,64 +0,0 @@
|
||||
.\" Title: chsh
|
||||
.\" Author:
|
||||
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.70.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
|
||||
.\" Date: 20.07.2006
|
||||
.\" Manual: Användarkommandon
|
||||
.\" Source: Användarkommandon
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.TH "CHSH" "1" "20\-07\-2006" "Användarkommandon" "Användarkommandon"
|
||||
.\" disable hyphenation
|
||||
.nh
|
||||
.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
|
||||
.ad l
|
||||
.SH "NAMN"
|
||||
chsh \- ändra inloggningsskal
|
||||
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
|
||||
.HP 5
|
||||
\fBchsh\fR [\fIflaggor\fR] [\fIINLOGGNINGSNAMN\fR]
|
||||
.SH "BESKRIVNING"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
|
||||
\fBchsh\fR
|
||||
changes the user login shell. This determines the name of the user's initial login command. A normal user may only change the login shell for her own account, the super user may change the login shell for any account.
|
||||
.SH "FLAGGOR"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Flaggorna som gäller för kommandot
|
||||
\fBchsh\fR
|
||||
är:
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR
|
||||
Visa hjälpmeddelande och avsluta.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-shell\fR\fISKAL\fR
|
||||
The name of the user's new login shell. Setting this field to blank causes the system to select the default login shell.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
If the
|
||||
\fB\-s\fR
|
||||
option is not selected,
|
||||
\fBchsh\fR
|
||||
operates in an interactive fashion, prompting the user with the current login shell. Enter the new value to change the shell, or leave the line blank to use the current one. The current shell is displayed between a pair of
|
||||
\fI[ ]\fR
|
||||
marks.
|
||||
.SH "NOTERA"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The only restriction placed on the login shell is that the command name must be listed in
|
||||
\fI/etc/shells\fR, unless the invoker is the super\-user, and then any value may be added. An account with a restricted login shell may not change her login shell. For this reason, placing
|
||||
\fI/bin/rsh\fR
|
||||
in
|
||||
\fI/etc/shells\fR
|
||||
is discouraged since accidentally changing to a restricted shell would prevent the user from ever changing her login shell back to its original value.
|
||||
.SH "FILER"
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/passwd\fR
|
||||
Användarkontoinformation.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/shells\fR
|
||||
Lista på giltiga inloggningsskal.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/login.defs\fR
|
||||
Shadow password suite configuration.
|
||||
.SH "SE OCKSÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fBchfn\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBlogin.defs\fR(5),
|
||||
\fBpasswd\fR(5).
|
||||
@@ -1,33 +0,0 @@
|
||||
.\" Title: expiry
|
||||
.\" Author:
|
||||
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.70.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
|
||||
.\" Date: 20.07.2006
|
||||
.\" Manual: Användarkommandon
|
||||
.\" Source: Användarkommandon
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.TH "EXPIRY" "1" "20\-07\-2006" "Användarkommandon" "Användarkommandon"
|
||||
.\" disable hyphenation
|
||||
.nh
|
||||
.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
|
||||
.ad l
|
||||
.SH "NAMN"
|
||||
expiry \- kontrollera och upprätthåll policy för lösenordsutgång
|
||||
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
|
||||
.HP 7
|
||||
\fBexpiry\fR [\-c] [\-f]
|
||||
.SH "BESKRIVNING"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
|
||||
\fBexpiry\fR
|
||||
checks (\fB\-c\fR) the current password expiration and forces (\fB\-f\fR) changes when required. It is callable as a normal user command.
|
||||
.SH "FILER"
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/passwd\fR
|
||||
Användarkontoinformation.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/shadow\fR
|
||||
Säker användarkontoinformation.
|
||||
.SH "SE OCKSÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fBpasswd\fR(5),
|
||||
\fBshadow\fR(5).
|
||||
@@ -1,40 +0,0 @@
|
||||
.\" Title: faillog
|
||||
.\" Author:
|
||||
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.70.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
|
||||
.\" Date: 20.07.2006
|
||||
.\" Manual:
|
||||
.\" Source:
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.TH "FAILLOG" "5" "20\-07\-2006" "" ""
|
||||
.\" disable hyphenation
|
||||
.nh
|
||||
.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
|
||||
.ad l
|
||||
.SH "NAMN"
|
||||
faillog \- login failure logging file
|
||||
.SH "BESKRIVNING"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fI/var/log/faillog\fR
|
||||
maintains a count of login failures and the limits for each account. The file is fixed length record, indexed by numerical UID. Each record contains the count of login failures since the last successful login; the maximum number of failures before the account is disabled; the line the last login failure occurred on; the date the last login failure occurred; and the time in seconds how long the account will be locked after a failure.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Strukturen för filen är:
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
.RS 3n
|
||||
.nf
|
||||
struct faillog {
|
||||
short fail_cnt;
|
||||
short fail_max;
|
||||
char fail_line[12];
|
||||
time_t fail_time;
|
||||
long fail_locktime;
|
||||
};
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.RE
|
||||
.SH "FILER"
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/var/log/faillog\fR
|
||||
Failure logging file.
|
||||
.SH "SE OCKSÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
|
||||
\fBfaillog\fR(8)
|
||||
@@ -1,91 +0,0 @@
|
||||
.\" Title: faillog
|
||||
.\" Author:
|
||||
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.70.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
|
||||
.\" Date: 20.07.2006
|
||||
.\" Manual: Systemhanteringskommandon
|
||||
.\" Source: Systemhanteringskommandon
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.TH "FAILLOG" "8" "20\-07\-2006" "Systemhanteringskommandon" "Systemhanteringskommandon"
|
||||
.\" disable hyphenation
|
||||
.nh
|
||||
.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
|
||||
.ad l
|
||||
.SH "NAMN"
|
||||
faillog \- display faillog records or set login failure limits
|
||||
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
|
||||
.HP 8
|
||||
\fBfaillog\fR [\fIflaggor\fR]
|
||||
.SH "BESKRIVNING"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
|
||||
\fBfaillog\fR
|
||||
formats the contents of the failure log from
|
||||
\fI/var/log/faillog\fR
|
||||
database. It also can be used for maintains failure counters and limits. Run
|
||||
\fBfaillog\fR
|
||||
without arguments display only list of user faillog records who have ever had a login failure.
|
||||
.SH "FLAGGOR"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Flaggorna som gäller för kommandot
|
||||
\fBfaillog\fR
|
||||
är:
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-all\fR
|
||||
Display faillog records for all users.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR
|
||||
Visa hjälpmeddelande och avsluta.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-l\fR, \fB\-\-lock\-time\fR\fISEK\fR
|
||||
Lås kontot
|
||||
\fISEK\fR
|
||||
sekunder efter misslyckad inloggning.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-m\fR, \fB\-\-maximum\fR\fIMAX\fR
|
||||
Set maximum number of login failures after the account is disabled to
|
||||
\fIMAX\fR. Selecting
|
||||
\fIMAX\fR
|
||||
value of 0 has the effect of not placing a limit on the number of failed logins. The maximum failure count should always be 0 for
|
||||
\fIroot\fR
|
||||
to prevent a denial of services attack against the system.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-reset\fR
|
||||
Reset the counters of login failures or one record if used with the
|
||||
\fB\-u\fR
|
||||
\fILOGIN\fR
|
||||
option. Write access to
|
||||
\fI/var/log/faillog\fR
|
||||
is required for this option.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-t\fR, \fB\-\-time\fR\fIDAGAR\fR
|
||||
Display faillog records more recent than
|
||||
\fIDAYS\fR. The
|
||||
\fB\-t\fR
|
||||
flag overrides the use of
|
||||
\fB\-u\fR.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-u\fR, \fB\-\-user\fR\fIINLOGGNINGSNAMN\fR
|
||||
Display faillog record or maintains failure counters and limits (if used with
|
||||
\fB\-l\fR,
|
||||
\fB\-m\fR
|
||||
or
|
||||
\fB\-r\fR
|
||||
options) only for user with
|
||||
\fILOGIN\fR.
|
||||
.SH "TÄNK PÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
|
||||
\fBfaillog\fR
|
||||
only prints out users with no successful login since the last failure. To print out a user who has had a successful login since their last failure, you must explicitly request the user with the
|
||||
\fB\-u\fR
|
||||
flag, or print out all users with the
|
||||
\fB\-a\fR
|
||||
flag.
|
||||
.SH "FILER"
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/var/log/faillog\fR
|
||||
Failure logging file.
|
||||
.SH "SE OCKSÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fBlogin\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBfaillog\fR(5).
|
||||
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
|
||||
.so man3/shadow.3
|
||||
@@ -1,81 +0,0 @@
|
||||
.\" Title: gpasswd
|
||||
.\" Author:
|
||||
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.70.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
|
||||
.\" Date: 20.07.2006
|
||||
.\" Manual: Användarkommandon
|
||||
.\" Source: Användarkommandon
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.TH "GPASSWD" "1" "20\-07\-2006" "Användarkommandon" "Användarkommandon"
|
||||
.\" disable hyphenation
|
||||
.nh
|
||||
.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
|
||||
.ad l
|
||||
.SH "NAMN"
|
||||
gpasswd \- administer the /etc/group file
|
||||
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
|
||||
.HP 8
|
||||
\fBgpasswd\fR \fIgrupp\fR
|
||||
.HP 8
|
||||
\fBgpasswd\fR \-a\ \fIanvändare\fR \fIgrupp\fR
|
||||
.HP 8
|
||||
\fBgpasswd\fR \-d\ \fIanvändare\fR \fIgrupp\fR
|
||||
.HP 8
|
||||
\fBgpasswd\fR \-R\ \fIgrupp\fR
|
||||
.HP 8
|
||||
\fBgpasswd\fR \-r\ \fIgrupp\fR
|
||||
.HP 8
|
||||
\fBgpasswd\fR [\-A\ \fIanvändare,\fR...] [\-M\ \fIanvändare,\fR...] \fIgrupp\fR
|
||||
.SH "BESKRIVNING"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
|
||||
\fBgpasswd\fR
|
||||
is used to administer the
|
||||
\fI/etc/group\fR
|
||||
file (and
|
||||
\fI/etc/gshadow\fR
|
||||
file if compiled with SHADOWGRP defined). Every group can have administrators, members and a password. System administrator can use
|
||||
\fB\-A\fR
|
||||
option to define group administrator(s) and
|
||||
\fB\-M\fR
|
||||
option to define members and has all rights of group administrators and members.
|
||||
.SS "Noteringar angående grupplösenord"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Group passwords are an inherent security problem since more than one person is permitted to know the password. However, groups are a useful tool for permitting co\-operation between different users.
|
||||
.\" end of SS subsection "Noteringar angående grupplösenord"
|
||||
.SH "FLAGGOR"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Group administrator can add and delete users using
|
||||
\fB\-a\fR
|
||||
and
|
||||
\fB\-d\fR
|
||||
options respectively. Administrators can use
|
||||
\fB\-r\fR
|
||||
option to remove group password. When no password is set only group members can use
|
||||
\fBnewgrp\fR
|
||||
to join the group. Option
|
||||
\fB\-R\fR
|
||||
disables access via a password to the group through
|
||||
\fBnewgrp\fR
|
||||
command (however members will still be able to switch to this group).
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
|
||||
\fBgpasswd\fR
|
||||
called by a group administrator with group name only prompts for the group password. If password is set the members can still
|
||||
\fBnewgrp\fR(1)
|
||||
without a password, non\-members must supply the password.
|
||||
.SH "FILER"
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/group\fR
|
||||
Gruppkontoinformation.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/gshadow\fR
|
||||
Säker gruppkontoinformation.
|
||||
.SH "SE OCKSÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fBnewgrp\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBgshadow\fR(5),
|
||||
\fBgroupadd\fR(8),
|
||||
\fBgroupdel\fR(8),
|
||||
\fBgroupmod\fR(8),
|
||||
\fBgrpck\fR(8),
|
||||
\fBgroup\fR(5).
|
||||
@@ -1,116 +0,0 @@
|
||||
.\" Title: groupadd
|
||||
.\" Author:
|
||||
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.70.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
|
||||
.\" Date: 20.07.2006
|
||||
.\" Manual: Systemhanteringskommandon
|
||||
.\" Source: Systemhanteringskommandon
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.TH "GROUPADD" "8" "20\-07\-2006" "Systemhanteringskommandon" "Systemhanteringskommandon"
|
||||
.\" disable hyphenation
|
||||
.nh
|
||||
.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
|
||||
.ad l
|
||||
.SH "NAMN"
|
||||
groupadd \- skapa en ny grupp
|
||||
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
|
||||
.HP 9
|
||||
\fBgroupadd\fR [\-g\ \fIGID\fR\ [\-o]] [\-f] [\-K\ \fINYCKEL\fR=\fIVÄRDE\fR] \fIgrupp\fR
|
||||
.SH "BESKRIVNING"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The
|
||||
\fBgroupadd\fR
|
||||
command creates a new group account using the values specified on the command line and the default values from the system. The new group will be entered into the system files as needed.
|
||||
.SH "FLAGGOR"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Flaggorna som gäller för kommandot
|
||||
\fBgroupadd\fR
|
||||
är:
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-f\fR
|
||||
This option causes to just exit with success status if the specified group already exists. With
|
||||
\fB\-g\fR, if specified GID already exists, other (unique) GID is chosen (i.e.
|
||||
\fB\-g\fR
|
||||
is turned off).
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-g\fR \fIGID\fR
|
||||
The numerical value of the group's ID. This value must be unique, unless the
|
||||
\fB\-o\fR
|
||||
option is used. The value must be non\-negative. The default is to use the smallest ID value greater than 999 and greater than every other group. Values between 0 and 999 are typically reserved for system accounts.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR
|
||||
Visa hjälpmeddelande och avsluta.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-K \fR\fB\fINYCKEL\fR\fR\fB=\fR\fB\fIVÄRDE\fR\fR
|
||||
Åsidosätter standardvärden i
|
||||
\fI/etc/login.defs\fR
|
||||
(GID_MIN, GID_MAX och andra). Flera flaggor av
|
||||
\fB\-K\fR
|
||||
kan anges.
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
Exempel:
|
||||
\fB\-K \fR\fIGID_MIN\fR=\fI100\fR\fB \-K \fR\fIGID_MAX\fR=\fI499\fR
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
Notera:
|
||||
\fB\-K \fR\fIGID_MIN\fR=\fI10\fR,\fIGID_MAX\fR=\fI499\fR
|
||||
fungerar ännu inte.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-o\fR
|
||||
Denna flagga tillåter att en grupp med ett icke\-unikt GID läggs till.
|
||||
.SH "FILER"
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/group\fR
|
||||
Gruppkontoinformation.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/gshadow\fR
|
||||
Säker gruppkontoinformation.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/login.defs\fR
|
||||
Shadow password suite configuration.
|
||||
.SH "TÄNK PÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Groupnames must begin with a lower case letter or an underscore, and only lower case letters, underscores, dashes, and dollar signs may follow. In regular expression terms: [a\-z_][a\-z0\-9_\-]*[$]
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Groupnames may only be up to 16 characters long.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
If the groupname already exists in an external group database such as NIS,
|
||||
\fBgroupadd\fR
|
||||
will deny the group creation request.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Groupnames may only be up to 16 characters long.
|
||||
.SH "AVSLUTNINGSVÄRDEN"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Kommandot
|
||||
\fBgroupadd\fR
|
||||
avslutas med följande värden:
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI0\fR
|
||||
lyckad
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI2\fR
|
||||
ogiltig kommandosyntax
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI3\fR
|
||||
ogiltigt argument till flagga
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI4\fR
|
||||
GID inte unikt (när
|
||||
\fB\-o\fR
|
||||
inte används)
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI9\fR
|
||||
gruppnamn inte unikt
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI10\fR
|
||||
kan inte uppdatera gruppfilen
|
||||
.SH "SE OCKSÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fBchfn\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBchsh\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBpasswd\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBgpasswd\fR(8),
|
||||
\fBgroupdel\fR(8),
|
||||
\fBgroupmod\fR(8),
|
||||
\fBlogin.defs\fR(5),
|
||||
\fBuseradd\fR(8),
|
||||
\fBuserdel\fR(8),
|
||||
\fBusermod\fR(8).
|
||||
@@ -1,63 +0,0 @@
|
||||
.\" Title: groupdel
|
||||
.\" Author:
|
||||
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.70.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
|
||||
.\" Date: 20.07.2006
|
||||
.\" Manual: Systemhanteringskommandon
|
||||
.\" Source: Systemhanteringskommandon
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.TH "GROUPDEL" "8" "20\-07\-2006" "Systemhanteringskommandon" "Systemhanteringskommandon"
|
||||
.\" disable hyphenation
|
||||
.nh
|
||||
.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
|
||||
.ad l
|
||||
.SH "NAMN"
|
||||
groupdel \- ta bort en grupp
|
||||
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
|
||||
.HP 9
|
||||
\fBgroupdel\fR \fIgrupp\fR
|
||||
.SH "BESKRIVNING"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The
|
||||
\fBgroupdel\fR
|
||||
command modifies the system account files, deleting all entries that refer to
|
||||
\fIgroup\fR. The named group must exist.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
You must manually check all file systems to insure that no files remain with the named group as the file group ID.
|
||||
.SH "TÄNK PÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Du får inte ta bort den primära gruppen för någon existerande anvÃ\(Csndare. Du måste ta bort användaren innan du tar bort gruppen.
|
||||
.SH "FILER"
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/group\fR
|
||||
Gruppkontoinformation.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/gshadow\fR
|
||||
Säker gruppkontoinformation.
|
||||
.SH "AVSLUTNINGSVÄRDEN"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Kommandot
|
||||
\fBgroupdel\fR
|
||||
avslutas med följande värden:
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI0\fR
|
||||
lyckad
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI2\fR
|
||||
ogiltig kommandosyntax
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI8\fR
|
||||
kan inte ta bort användarens primära grupp
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI10\fR
|
||||
kan inte uppdatera gruppfilen
|
||||
.SH "SE OCKSÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fBchfn\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBchsh\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBpasswd\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBgpasswd\fR(8),
|
||||
\fBgroupadd\fR(8),
|
||||
\fBgroupmod\fR(8),
|
||||
\fBuseradd\fR(8),
|
||||
\fBuserdel\fR(8),
|
||||
\fBusermod\fR(8)
|
||||
@@ -1,89 +0,0 @@
|
||||
.\" Title: groupmems
|
||||
.\" Author:
|
||||
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.70.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
|
||||
.\" Date: 20.07.2006
|
||||
.\" Manual: Systemhanteringskommandon
|
||||
.\" Source: Systemhanteringskommandon
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.TH "GROUPMEMS" "8" "20\-07\-2006" "Systemhanteringskommandon" "Systemhanteringskommandon"
|
||||
.\" disable hyphenation
|
||||
.nh
|
||||
.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
|
||||
.ad l
|
||||
.SH "NAMN"
|
||||
groupmems \- administrera medlemmar av en användares primära grupp
|
||||
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
|
||||
.HP 10
|
||||
\fBgroupmems\fR \-a\ \fIanvändarnamn\fR | \-d\ \fIanvändarnamn\fR | \-l | \-p | [\-g\ \fIgruppnamn\fR]
|
||||
.SH "BESKRIVNING"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The
|
||||
\fBgroupmems\fR
|
||||
utility allows a user to administer his/her own group membership list without the requirement of super user privileges. The
|
||||
\fBgroupmems\fR
|
||||
utility is for systems that configure its users to be in their own name sake primary group (i.e., guest / guest).
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Endast superanvändaren, som administratör, kan använda
|
||||
\fBgroupmems\fR
|
||||
för att göra ändringar i medlemskap för andra grupper.
|
||||
.SH "FLAGGOR"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Flaggorna som gäller för kommandot
|
||||
\fBgroupmems\fR
|
||||
är:
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-a\fR \fIanvändarnamn\fR
|
||||
Lägg till en ny användare till gruppens medlemslista.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-d\fR \fIanvändarnamn\fR
|
||||
Ta bort en användare från gruppen medlemslista.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-p\fR
|
||||
Rensa alla användare från gruppens medlemslista.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-g\fR \fIgruppnamn\fR
|
||||
Superanvändaren kan ange vilken grupps medlemslista som ska ändras.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-l\fR
|
||||
Lista gruppens medlemslista.
|
||||
.SH "SETUP"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The
|
||||
\fBgroupmems\fR
|
||||
executable should be in mode
|
||||
2770
|
||||
as user
|
||||
\fIroot\fR
|
||||
and in group
|
||||
\fIgroups\fR. The system administrator can add users to group
|
||||
\fIgroups\fR
|
||||
to allow or disallow them using the
|
||||
\fBgroupmems\fR
|
||||
utility to manage their own group membership list.
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
.RS 3n
|
||||
.nf
|
||||
$ groupadd \-r groups
|
||||
$ chmod 2770 groupmems
|
||||
$ chown root.groups groupmems
|
||||
$ groupmems \-g groups \-a gk4
|
||||
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.RE
|
||||
.SH "FILER"
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/group\fR
|
||||
Gruppkontoinformation.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/gshadow\fR
|
||||
säker gruppkontoinformation
|
||||
.SH "SE OCKSÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fBchfn\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBchsh\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBpasswd\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBgroupadd\fR(8),
|
||||
\fBgroupdel\fR(8),
|
||||
\fBuseradd\fR(8),
|
||||
\fBuserdel\fR(8),
|
||||
\fBusermod\fR(8).
|
||||
@@ -1,98 +0,0 @@
|
||||
.\" Title: groupmod
|
||||
.\" Author:
|
||||
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.70.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
|
||||
.\" Date: 20.07.2006
|
||||
.\" Manual: Systemhanteringskommandon
|
||||
.\" Source: Systemhanteringskommandon
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.TH "GROUPMOD" "8" "20\-07\-2006" "Systemhanteringskommandon" "Systemhanteringskommandon"
|
||||
.\" disable hyphenation
|
||||
.nh
|
||||
.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
|
||||
.ad l
|
||||
.SH "NAMN"
|
||||
groupmod \- ändra en gruppdefinition på systemet
|
||||
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
|
||||
.HP 9
|
||||
\fBgroupmod\fR [\fIflaggor\fR] \fIGRUPP\fR
|
||||
.SH "BESKRIVNING"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The
|
||||
\fBgroupmod\fR
|
||||
modifies the definition of the specified
|
||||
\fIGROUP\fR
|
||||
by modifying the appropriate entry in the group database.
|
||||
.SH "FLAGGOR"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Flaggorna som gäller för kommandot
|
||||
\fBgroupmod\fR
|
||||
är:
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\fIGID\fR
|
||||
Specify the new group ID for the
|
||||
\fIGROUP\fR. The numerical value of the
|
||||
\fIGID\fR
|
||||
must be a non\-negative decimal integer. This value must be unique, unless the
|
||||
\fB\-o\fR
|
||||
option is used. Values between 0 and 999 are typically reserved for system groups. Any files which the old group ID is the file group ID must have the file group ID changed manually.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR
|
||||
Visa hjälpmeddelande och avsluta.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-n\fR, \fB\-\-new\-name\fR\fINY_GRUPP\fR
|
||||
The name of the group will be changed from
|
||||
\fIGROUP\fR
|
||||
to
|
||||
\fINEW_GROUP\fR
|
||||
name.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-o\fR, \fB\-\-non\-unique\fR
|
||||
When used with the
|
||||
\fB\-g\fR
|
||||
option allow to change the group
|
||||
\fIGID\fR
|
||||
to non\-unique value.
|
||||
.SH "FILER"
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/group\fR
|
||||
Gruppkontoinformation.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/gshadow\fR
|
||||
Säker gruppkontoinformation.
|
||||
.SH "AVSLUTNINGSVÄRDEN"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Kommandot
|
||||
\fBgroupmod\fR
|
||||
avslutas med följande värden:
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI0\fR
|
||||
lyckad
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI2\fR
|
||||
ogiltig kommandosyntax
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI3\fR
|
||||
ogiltigt argument till flagga
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI4\fR
|
||||
angiven grupp finns inte
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI6\fR
|
||||
angiven grupp finns inte
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI9\fR
|
||||
gruppnamnet används redan
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI10\fR
|
||||
kan inte uppdatera gruppfilen
|
||||
.SH "SE OCKSÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fBchfn\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBchsh\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBpasswd\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBgpasswd\fR(8),
|
||||
\fBgroupadd\fR(8),
|
||||
\fBgroupdel\fR(8),
|
||||
\fBuseradd\fR(8),
|
||||
\fBuserdel\fR(8),
|
||||
\fBusermod\fR(8).
|
||||
@@ -1,45 +0,0 @@
|
||||
.\" Title: groups
|
||||
.\" Author:
|
||||
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.70.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
|
||||
.\" Date: 20.07.2006
|
||||
.\" Manual: Användarkommandon
|
||||
.\" Source: Användarkommandon
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.TH "GROUPS" "1" "20\-07\-2006" "Användarkommandon" "Användarkommandon"
|
||||
.\" disable hyphenation
|
||||
.nh
|
||||
.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
|
||||
.ad l
|
||||
.SH "NAMN"
|
||||
groups \- visa aktuella gruppnamn
|
||||
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
|
||||
.HP 7
|
||||
\fBgroups\fR [\fIanvändare\fR]
|
||||
.SH "BESKRIVNING"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
|
||||
\fBgroups\fR
|
||||
displays the current group names or ID values. If the value does not have a corresponding entry in
|
||||
\fI/etc/group\fR, the value will be displayed as the numerical group value. The optional
|
||||
\fIuser\fR
|
||||
parameter will display the groups for the named
|
||||
\fIuser\fR.
|
||||
.SH "NOTERA"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Systems which do not support concurrent group sets will have the information from
|
||||
\fI/etc/group\fR
|
||||
reported. The user must use
|
||||
\fBnewgrp\fR
|
||||
or
|
||||
\fBsg\fR
|
||||
to change their current real and effective group ID.
|
||||
.SH "FILER"
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/group\fR
|
||||
Gruppkontoinformation.
|
||||
.SH "SE OCKSÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fBnewgrp\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBgetgid\fR(2),
|
||||
\fBgetgroups\fR(2),
|
||||
\fBgetuid\fR(2).
|
||||
113
man/sv/grpck.8
113
man/sv/grpck.8
@@ -1,113 +0,0 @@
|
||||
.\" Title: grpck
|
||||
.\" Author:
|
||||
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.70.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
|
||||
.\" Date: 20.07.2006
|
||||
.\" Manual: Systemhanteringskommandon
|
||||
.\" Source: Systemhanteringskommandon
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.TH "GRPCK" "8" "20\-07\-2006" "Systemhanteringskommandon" "Systemhanteringskommandon"
|
||||
.\" disable hyphenation
|
||||
.nh
|
||||
.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
|
||||
.ad l
|
||||
.SH "NAMN"
|
||||
grpck \- validera integriteten för gruppfiler
|
||||
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
|
||||
.HP 6
|
||||
\fBgrpck\fR [\-r] [\fIgrupp\fR\ \fIshadow\fR]
|
||||
.SH "BESKRIVNING"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
|
||||
\fBgrpck\fR
|
||||
verifies the integrity of the system authentication information. All entries in the
|
||||
\fI/etc/group\fR
|
||||
and
|
||||
\fI/etc/gshadow\fR
|
||||
are checked to see that the entry has the proper format and valid data in each field. The user is prompted to delete entries that are improperly formatted or which have other uncorrectable errors.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Kontroller görs för att validera att varje post har:
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
korrekt antal fält
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
ett unikt gruppnamn
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
en giltig lista med medlemmar och administratörer
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
.RE
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The checks for correct number of fields and unique group name are fatal. If the entry has the wrong number of fields, the user will be prompted to delete the entire line. If the user does not answer affirmatively, all further checks are bypassed. An entry with a duplicated group name is prompted for deletion, but the remaining checks will still be made. All other errors are warnings and the user is encouraged to run the
|
||||
\fBgroupmod\fR
|
||||
command to correct the error.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The commands which operate on the
|
||||
\fI/etc/group\fR
|
||||
file are not able to alter corrupted or duplicated entries.
|
||||
\fBgrpck\fR
|
||||
should be used in those circumstances to remove the offending entry.
|
||||
.SH "FLAGGOR"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
By default,
|
||||
\fBgrpck\fR
|
||||
operates on the files
|
||||
\fI/etc/group\fR
|
||||
and
|
||||
\fI/etc/gshadow\fR. The user may select alternate files with the
|
||||
\fIgroup\fR
|
||||
and
|
||||
\fIshadow\fR
|
||||
parameters. Additionally, the user may execute the command in read\-only mode by specifying the
|
||||
\fB\-r\fR
|
||||
flag. This causes all questions regarding changes to be answered
|
||||
\fIno\fR
|
||||
without user intervention.
|
||||
\fBgrpck\fR
|
||||
can also sort entries in
|
||||
\fI/etc/group\fR
|
||||
and
|
||||
\fI/etc/gshadow\fR
|
||||
by GID. To run it in sort mode pass it
|
||||
\fB\-s\fR
|
||||
flag. No checks are performed then, it just sorts.
|
||||
.SH "FILER"
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/group\fR
|
||||
Gruppkontoinformation.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/gshadow\fR
|
||||
Säker gruppkontoinformation.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/passwd\fR
|
||||
Användarkontoinformation.
|
||||
.SH "SE OCKSÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fBgroup\fR(5),
|
||||
\fBpasswd\fR(5),
|
||||
\fBshadow\fR(5),
|
||||
\fBgroupmod\fR(8).
|
||||
.SH "AVSLUTNINGSVÄRDEN"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Kommandot
|
||||
\fBgrpck\fR
|
||||
avslutas med följande värden:
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI0\fR
|
||||
lyckad
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI1\fR
|
||||
ogiltig kommandosyntax
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI2\fR
|
||||
en eller flera felaktiga grupposter
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI3\fR
|
||||
kan inte öppna gruppfiler
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI4\fR
|
||||
kan inte låsa gruppfiler
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI5\fR
|
||||
kan inte uppdatera gruppfiler
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
|
||||
.so man8/pwconv.8
|
||||
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
|
||||
.so man8/pwconv.8
|
||||
@@ -1,55 +0,0 @@
|
||||
.\" Title: gshadow
|
||||
.\" Author:
|
||||
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.70.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
|
||||
.\" Date: 20.07.2006
|
||||
.\" Manual: Filformat och konversioner
|
||||
.\" Source: Filformat och konversioner
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.TH "GSHADOW" "5" "20\-07\-2006" "Filformat och konversioner" "Filformat och konversioner"
|
||||
.\" disable hyphenation
|
||||
.nh
|
||||
.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
|
||||
.ad l
|
||||
.SH "NAMN"
|
||||
gshadow \- skuggad gruppfil
|
||||
.SH "BESKRIVNING"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fI/etc/gshadow\fR
|
||||
innehåller skuggad gruppkontoinformation. Den innehåller rader med följande kolonseparerade fält:
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
gruppnamn
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
krypterat lösenord
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
kommaseparerad lista med gruppadministratörer
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
kommaseparerad lista med gruppmedlemmar
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
.RE
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The group name and password fields must be filled. The encrypted password consists of characters from the 64\-character alphabet a thru z, A thru Z, 0 thru 9, \\. and /. Refer to
|
||||
\fBcrypt\fR(3)
|
||||
for details on how this string is interpreted. If the password field contains some string that is not valid result of
|
||||
\fBcrypt\fR(3), for instance ! or *, the user will not be able to use a unix password to log in, subject to
|
||||
\fBpam\fR(7).
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
This information supersedes any password present in
|
||||
\fI/etc/group\fR.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Denna fil får inte vara läsbar av vanliga användare om lösenordssÃ\(Cskerheten ska upprätthållas.
|
||||
.SH "FILER"
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/group\fR
|
||||
Gruppkontoinformation.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/gshadow\fR
|
||||
Säker gruppkontoinformation.
|
||||
.SH "SE OCKSÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fBgroup\fR(5),
|
||||
\fBgpasswd\fR(5),
|
||||
\fBnewgrp\fR(5).
|
||||
@@ -1,70 +0,0 @@
|
||||
.\" Title: lastlog
|
||||
.\" Author:
|
||||
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.70.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
|
||||
.\" Date: 20.07.2006
|
||||
.\" Manual: Systemhanteringskommandon
|
||||
.\" Source: Systemhanteringskommandon
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.TH "LASTLOG" "8" "20\-07\-2006" "Systemhanteringskommandon" "Systemhanteringskommandon"
|
||||
.\" disable hyphenation
|
||||
.nh
|
||||
.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
|
||||
.ad l
|
||||
.SH "NAMN"
|
||||
lastlog \- reports the most recent login of all users or of a given user
|
||||
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
|
||||
.HP 8
|
||||
\fBlastlog\fR [\fIflaggor\fR]
|
||||
.SH "BESKRIVNING"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
|
||||
\fBlastlog\fR
|
||||
formats and prints the contents of the last login log
|
||||
\fI/var/log/lastlog\fR
|
||||
file. The
|
||||
\fIlogin\-name\fR,
|
||||
\fIport\fR, and
|
||||
\fIlast login time\fR
|
||||
will be printed. The default (no flags) causes lastlog entries to be printed, sorted by their order in
|
||||
\fI/etc/passwd\fR.
|
||||
.SH "FLAGGOR"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Flaggorna som gäller för kommandot
|
||||
\fBlastlog\fR
|
||||
är:
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-before\fR\fIDAGAR\fR
|
||||
Print only lastlog records older than
|
||||
\fIDAYS\fR.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR
|
||||
Visa hjälpmeddelande och avsluta.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-t\fR, \fB\-\-time\fR\fIDAGAR\fR
|
||||
Print the lastlog records more recent than
|
||||
\fIDAYS\fR.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-u\fR, \fB\-\-user\fR\fIINLOGGNINGSNAMN\fR
|
||||
Print the lastlog record for user with specified
|
||||
\fILOGIN\fR
|
||||
only.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
Flaggan \fB\-t\fR åsidosätter användningen av \fB\-u\fR.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
If the user has never logged in the message
|
||||
\fI** Never logged in**\fR
|
||||
will be displayed instead of the port and time.
|
||||
.SH "NOTERA"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The
|
||||
\fIlastlog\fR
|
||||
file is a database which contains info on the last login of each user. You should not rotate it. It is a sparse file, so its size on the disk is usually much smaller than the one shown by "\fBls \-l\fR" (which can indicate a really big file if you have in
|
||||
\fIpasswd\fR
|
||||
users with a high UID). You can display its real size with "\fBls \-s\fR".
|
||||
.SH "FILER"
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/var/log/lastlog\fR
|
||||
Databastider för tidigare användarinloggningar.
|
||||
.SH "TÄNK PÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Large gaps in UID numbers will cause the lastlog program to run longer with no output to the screen (i.e. if in lastlog database there is no entries for users with UID between 170 and 800 lastlog will appear to hang as it processes entries with UIDs 171\-799).
|
||||
113
man/sv/limits.5
113
man/sv/limits.5
@@ -1,113 +0,0 @@
|
||||
.\" Title: limits
|
||||
.\" Author:
|
||||
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.70.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
|
||||
.\" Date: 20.07.2006
|
||||
.\" Manual: Filformat och konversioner
|
||||
.\" Source: Filformat och konversioner
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.TH "LIMITS" "5" "20\-07\-2006" "Filformat och konversioner" "Filformat och konversioner"
|
||||
.\" disable hyphenation
|
||||
.nh
|
||||
.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
|
||||
.ad l
|
||||
.SH "NAMN"
|
||||
limits \- definition av resursbegränsningar
|
||||
.SH "BESKRIVNING"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The
|
||||
\fIlimits\fR
|
||||
file (\fI/etc/limits\fR
|
||||
by default or LIMITS_FILE defined
|
||||
\fIconfig.h\fR) describes the resource limits you wish to impose. It should be owned by root and readable by root account only.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
By default no quota is imposed on 'root'. In fact, there is no way to impose limits via this procedure to root\-equiv accounts (accounts with UID 0).
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Varje rad beskriver en begränsning för användaren i formatet:
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
|
||||
\fIuser LIMITS_STRING\fR
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The
|
||||
\fILIMITS_STRING\fR
|
||||
is a string of a concatenated list of resource limits. Each limit consists of a letter identifier followed by a numerical limit.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
De giltiga identifierarna är:
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
A: maximal adressrymd (KB)
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
C: max core file size (KB)
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
D: maximal datastorlek (KB)
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
F: maximal filstorlek (KB)
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
M: max locked\-in\-memory address space (KB)
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
N: maximalt antal öppna filer
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
R: max resident set size (KB)
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
S: maximal stackstorlek (KB)
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
T: maximal processortid (MIN)
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
U: maximalt antal processer
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
K: file creation mask, set by
|
||||
\fBumask\fR(2).
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
L: maximalt antal inloggningar för denna användare
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
P: processprioritet, inställd av
|
||||
\fBsetpriority\fR(2).
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
.RE
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
For example,
|
||||
\fIL2D2048N5\fR
|
||||
is a valid
|
||||
\fILIMITS_STRING \fR. For reading convenience, the following entries are equivalent:
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
.RS 3n
|
||||
.nf
|
||||
username L2D2048N5
|
||||
username L2 D2048 N5
|
||||
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.RE
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Be aware that after
|
||||
\fIusername\fR
|
||||
the rest of the line is considered a limit string, thus comments are not allowed. A invalid limits string will be rejected (not considered) by the
|
||||
\fBlogin\fR
|
||||
program.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The default entry is denoted by username "\fI*\fR". If you have multiple
|
||||
\fIdefault\fR
|
||||
entries in your
|
||||
\fILIMITS_FILE\fR, then the last one will be used as the default entry.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
To completely disable limits for a user, a single dash "\fI\-\fR" will do.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Also, please note that all limit settings are set PER LOGIN. They are not global, nor are they permanent. Perhaps global limits will come, but for now this will have to do ;)
|
||||
.SH "FILER"
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/limits\fR
|
||||
.SH "SE OCKSÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fBlogin\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBsetpriority\fR(2),
|
||||
\fBsetrlimit\fR(2).
|
||||
159
man/sv/login.1
159
man/sv/login.1
@@ -1,159 +0,0 @@
|
||||
.\" Title: login
|
||||
.\" Author:
|
||||
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.70.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
|
||||
.\" Date: 20.07.2006
|
||||
.\" Manual: Användarkommandon
|
||||
.\" Source: Användarkommandon
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.TH "LOGIN" "1" "20\-07\-2006" "Användarkommandon" "Användarkommandon"
|
||||
.\" disable hyphenation
|
||||
.nh
|
||||
.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
|
||||
.ad l
|
||||
.SH "NAMN"
|
||||
login \- begin session on the system
|
||||
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
|
||||
.HP 6
|
||||
\fBlogin\fR [\-p] [\fIanvändarnamn\fR] [\fIENV=VAR\fR...]
|
||||
.HP 6
|
||||
\fBlogin\fR [\-p] [\-h\ \fIvärd\fR] [\-f\ \fIanvändarnamn\fR]
|
||||
.HP 6
|
||||
\fBlogin\fR [\-p] \-r\ \fIvärd\fR
|
||||
.SH "BESKRIVNING"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
|
||||
\fBlogin\fR
|
||||
is used to establish a new session with the system. It is normally invoked automatically by responding to the
|
||||
\fIlogin:\fR
|
||||
prompt on the user's terminal.
|
||||
\fBlogin\fR
|
||||
may be special to the shell and may not be invoked as a sub\-process. Typically,
|
||||
\fBlogin\fR
|
||||
is treated by the shell as
|
||||
\fBexec login\fR
|
||||
which causes the user to exit from the current shell. Attempting to execute
|
||||
\fBlogin\fR
|
||||
from any shell but the login shell will produce an error message.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The user is then prompted for a password, where appropriate. Echoing is disabled to prevent revealing the password. Only a small number of password failures are permitted before
|
||||
\fBlogin\fR
|
||||
exits and the communications link is severed.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
If password aging has been enabled for your account, you may be prompted for a new password before proceeding. You will be forced to provide your old password and the new password before continuing. Please refer to
|
||||
\fBpasswd\fR(1)
|
||||
for more information.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
After a successful login, you will be informed of any system messages and the presence of mail. You may turn off the printing of the system message file,
|
||||
\fI/etc/motd\fR, by creating a zero\-length file
|
||||
\fI.hushlogin\fR
|
||||
in your login directory. The mail message will be one of "\fIYou have new mail.\fR", "\fIYou have mail.\fR", or "\fINo Mail.\fR" according to the condition of your mailbox.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Your user and group ID will be set according to their values in the
|
||||
\fI/etc/passwd\fR
|
||||
file. The value for
|
||||
\fB$HOME\fR,
|
||||
\fB$SHELL\fR,
|
||||
\fB$PATH\fR,
|
||||
\fB$LOGNAME\fR, and
|
||||
\fB$MAIL\fR
|
||||
are set according to the appropriate fields in the password entry. Ulimit, umask and nice values may also be set according to entries in the GECOS field.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
On some installations, the environmental variable
|
||||
\fB$TERM\fR
|
||||
will be initialized to the terminal type on your tty line, as specified in
|
||||
\fI/etc/ttytype\fR.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
An initialization script for your command interpreter may also be executed. Please see the appropriate manual section for more information on this function.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
A subsystem login is indicated by the presence of a "*" as the first character of the login shell. The given home directory will be used as the root of a new file system which the user is actually logged into.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The
|
||||
\fBlogin\fR
|
||||
program is NOT responsible for removing users from the utmp file. It is the responsibility of
|
||||
\fBgetty\fR(8)
|
||||
and
|
||||
\fBinit\fR(8)
|
||||
to clean up apparent ownership of a terminal session. If you use
|
||||
\fBlogin\fR
|
||||
from the shell prompt without
|
||||
\fBexec\fR, the user you use will continue to appear to be logged in even after you log out of the "subsession".
|
||||
.SH "FLAGGOR"
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-f\fR
|
||||
Genomför inte autentisering, användaren är förautentiserad.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-h\fR
|
||||
Namnet på fjärrvärden för denna inloggning.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-p\fR
|
||||
Behåll miljö.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-r\fR
|
||||
Genomför automatiskt inloggningsprotokoll för rlogin.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Flaggorna
|
||||
\fB\-r\fR,
|
||||
\fB\-h\fR
|
||||
och
|
||||
\fB\-f\fR
|
||||
används endast när
|
||||
\fBlogin\fR
|
||||
har startats av root.
|
||||
.SH "TÄNK PÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
This version of
|
||||
\fBlogin\fR
|
||||
has many compilation options, only some of which may be in use at any particular site.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The location of files is subject to differences in system configuration.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The
|
||||
\fBlogin\fR
|
||||
program is NOT responsible for removing users from the utmp file. It is the responsibility of
|
||||
\fBgetty\fR(8)
|
||||
and
|
||||
\fBinit\fR(8)
|
||||
to clean up apparent ownership of a terminal session. If you use
|
||||
\fBlogin\fR
|
||||
from the shell prompt without
|
||||
\fBexec\fR, the user you use will continue to appear to be logged in even after you log out of the "subsession".
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
As any program,
|
||||
\fBlogin\fR
|
||||
appearance could be faked. If non\-trusted users have a physical access to the machine, an attacker could use this to obtain the password of the next person sitting in front of the machine. Under Linux, the SAK mecanism can be used by users to initiate of a trusted path and prevent this kind of attack.
|
||||
.SH "FILER"
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/var/run/utmp\fR
|
||||
Lista på aktuella inloggningssessioner.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/var/log/wtmp\fR
|
||||
Lista på tidigare inloggningssessioner.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/passwd\fR
|
||||
Användarkontoinformation.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/shadow\fR
|
||||
Säker användarkontoinformation.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/motd\fR
|
||||
Fil för dagens systemmeddelande.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/nologin\fR
|
||||
Förhindra icke\-rootanvändare från att logga in.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/ttytype\fR
|
||||
Lista på terminaltyper.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI$HOME/.hushlogin\fR
|
||||
Tysta ner utskrift av systemmeddelanden.
|
||||
.SH "SE OCKSÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fBmail\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBpasswd\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBsh\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBsu\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBlogin.defs\fR(5),
|
||||
\fBnologin\fR(5),
|
||||
\fBpasswd\fR(5),
|
||||
\fBsecuretty\fR(5),
|
||||
\fBgetty\fR(8).
|
||||
@@ -1,49 +0,0 @@
|
||||
.\" Title: login.access
|
||||
.\" Author:
|
||||
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.70.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
|
||||
.\" Date: 20.07.2006
|
||||
.\" Manual: Filformat och konversioner
|
||||
.\" Source: Filformat och konversioner
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.TH "LOGIN.ACCESS" "5" "20\-07\-2006" "Filformat och konversioner" "Filformat och konversioner"
|
||||
.\" disable hyphenation
|
||||
.nh
|
||||
.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
|
||||
.ad l
|
||||
.SH "NAMN"
|
||||
login.access \- login access control table
|
||||
.SH "BESKRIVNING"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The
|
||||
\fIlogin.access\fR
|
||||
file specifies (user, host) combinations and/or (user, tty) combinations for which a login will be either accepted or refused.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
When someone logs in, the
|
||||
\fIlogin.access\fR
|
||||
is scanned for the first entry that matches the (user, host) combination, or, in case of non\-networked logins, the first entry that matches the (user, tty) combination. The permissions field of that table entry determines whether the login will be accepted or refused.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Each line of the login access control table has three fields separated by a ":" character:
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
|
||||
\fIpermission\fR:\fIusers\fR:\fIorigins\fR
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The first field should be a "\fI+\fR" (access granted) or "\fI\-\fR" (access denied) character. The second field should be a list of one or more login names, group names, or
|
||||
\fIALL\fR
|
||||
(always matches). The third field should be a list of one or more tty names (for non\-networked logins), host names, domain names (begin with "."), host addresses, internet network numbers (end with "."),
|
||||
\fIALL\fR
|
||||
(always matches) or
|
||||
\fILOCAL\fR
|
||||
(matches any string that does not contain a "." character). If you run NIS you can use @netgroupname in host or user patterns.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The
|
||||
\fIEXCEPT\fR
|
||||
operator makes it possible to write very compact rules.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The group file is searched only when a name does not match that of the logged\-in user. Only groups are matched in which users are explicitly listed: the program does not look at a user's primary group id value.
|
||||
.SH "FILER"
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/login.defs\fR
|
||||
Shadow password suite configuration.
|
||||
.SH "SE OCKSÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fBlogin\fR(1).
|
||||
@@ -1,127 +0,0 @@
|
||||
.\" Title: login.defs
|
||||
.\" Author:
|
||||
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.70.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
|
||||
.\" Date: 20.07.2006
|
||||
.\" Manual: Filformat och konversioner
|
||||
.\" Source: Filformat och konversioner
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.TH "LOGIN.DEFS" "5" "20\-07\-2006" "Filformat och konversioner" "Filformat och konversioner"
|
||||
.\" disable hyphenation
|
||||
.nh
|
||||
.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
|
||||
.ad l
|
||||
.SH "NAMN"
|
||||
login.defs \- shadow password suite configuration
|
||||
.SH "BESKRIVNING"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The
|
||||
\fI/etc/login.defs\fR
|
||||
file defines the site\-specific configuration for the shadow password suite. This file is required. Absence of this file will not prevent system operation, but will probably result in undesirable operation.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
This file is a readable text file, each line of the file describing one configuration parameter. The lines consist of a configuration name and value, separated by whitespace. Blank lines and comment lines are ignored. Comments are introduced with a "#" pound sign and the pound sign must be the first non\-white character of the line.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Parameter values may be of four types: strings, booleans, numbers, and long numbers. A string is comprised of any printable characters. A boolean should be either the value "yes" or "no". An undefined boolean parameter or one with a value other than these will be given a "no" value. Numbers (both regular and long) may be either decimal values, octal values (precede the value with "0") or hexadecimal values (precede the value with "0x"). The maximum value of the regular and long numeric parameters is machine\-dependent.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Följande konfigurationsposter tillhandahålls:
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
CHFN_AUTH (boolesk)
|
||||
If
|
||||
\fIyes\fR, the
|
||||
\fBchfn\fR
|
||||
and
|
||||
\fBchsh\fR
|
||||
programs will require authentication before making any changes, unless run by the superuser.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
CHFN_RESTRICT (sträng)
|
||||
This parameter specifies which values in the
|
||||
\fIgecos\fR
|
||||
field of the
|
||||
\fI/etc/passwd\fR
|
||||
file may be changed by regular users using the
|
||||
\fBchfn\fR
|
||||
program. It can be any combination of letters
|
||||
\fIf\fR
|
||||
,\fIr\fR,
|
||||
\fIw\fR,
|
||||
\fIh\fR, for Full name, Room number, Work phone, and Home phone, respectively. For backward compatibility, "yes" is equivalent to "rwh" and "no" is equivalent to "frwh". If not specified, only the superuser can make any changes. The most restrictive setting is better achieved by not installing
|
||||
\fIchfn\fR
|
||||
SUID.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
GID_MAX (nummer), GID_MIN (nummer)
|
||||
.RS 3n
|
||||
Range of group IDs to choose from for the
|
||||
\fBuseradd\fR
|
||||
and
|
||||
\fBgroupadd\fR
|
||||
programs.
|
||||
.RE
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
MAIL_DIR (sträng)
|
||||
The mail spool directory. This is needed to manipulate the mailbox when its corresponding user account is modified or deleted. If not specified, a compile\-time default is used.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
PASS_MAX_DAYS (nummer)
|
||||
The maximum number of days a password may be used. If the password is older than this, a password change will be forced. If not specified, \-1 will be assumed (which disables the restriction).
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
PASS_MIN_DAYS (nummer)
|
||||
The minimum number of days allowed between password changes. Any password changes attempted sooner than this will be rejected. If not specified, \-1 will be assumed (which disables the restriction).
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
PASS_WARN_AGE (nummer)
|
||||
The number of days warning given before a password expires. A zero means warning is given only upon the day of expiration, a negative value means no warning is given. If not specified, no warning will be provided.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
PASS_MAX_DAYS, PASS_MIN_DAYS och PASS_WARN_AGE används endast när kontot skapas. Alla ändringar av dessa inställningar påverkar inte existerande konton.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
UID_MAX (nummer), UID_MIN (nummer)
|
||||
.RS 3n
|
||||
Range of user IDs to choose from for the
|
||||
\fBuseradd\fR
|
||||
program.
|
||||
.RE
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
UMASK (nummer)
|
||||
The permission mask is initialized to this value. If not specified, the permission mask will be initialized to 022.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
USERDEL_CMD (sträng)
|
||||
If defined, this command is run when removing a user. It should remove any at/cron/print jobs etc. owned by the user to be removed (passed as the first argument).
|
||||
.SH "CROSS REFERENCE"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The following cross reference shows which programs in the shadow password suite use which parameters.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
chfn
|
||||
CHFN_AUTH CHFN_RESTRICT
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
chsh
|
||||
CHFN_AUTH
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
groupadd
|
||||
GID_MAX GID_MIN
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
newusers
|
||||
PASS_MAX_DAYS PASS_MIN_DAYS PASS_WARN_AGE UMASK
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
pwconv
|
||||
PASS_MAX_DAYS PASS_MIN_DAYS PASS_WARN_AGE
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
useradd
|
||||
GID_MAX GID_MIN PASS_MAX_DAYS PASS_MIN_DAYS PASS_WARN_AGE UID_MAX UID_MIN UMASK
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
userdel
|
||||
MAIL_DIR USERDEL_CMD
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
usermod
|
||||
MAIL_DIR
|
||||
.SH "FEL"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Much of the functionality that used to be provided by the shadow password suite is now handled by PAM. Thus,
|
||||
\fI/etc/login.defs\fR
|
||||
is no longer used by programs such as:
|
||||
\fBlogin\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBpasswd\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBsu\fR(1). Please refer to the corresponding PAM configuration files instead.
|
||||
.SH "SE OCKSÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fBlogin\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBpasswd\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBsu\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBpasswd\fR(5),
|
||||
\fBshadow\fR(5),
|
||||
\fBpam\fR(8).
|
||||
@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
|
||||
.\" Title: logoutd
|
||||
.\" Author:
|
||||
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.70.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
|
||||
.\" Date: 20.07.2006
|
||||
.\" Manual: Systemhanteringskommandon
|
||||
.\" Source: Systemhanteringskommandon
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.TH "LOGOUTD" "8" "20\-07\-2006" "Systemhanteringskommandon" "Systemhanteringskommandon"
|
||||
.\" disable hyphenation
|
||||
.nh
|
||||
.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
|
||||
.ad l
|
||||
.SH "NAMN"
|
||||
logoutd \- Upprätthåll tidsbegränsningar för inloggningar
|
||||
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
|
||||
.HP 8
|
||||
\fBlogoutd\fR
|
||||
.SH "BESKRIVNING"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
|
||||
\fBlogoutd\fR
|
||||
enforces the login time and port restrictions specified in
|
||||
\fI/etc/porttime\fR.
|
||||
\fBlogoutd\fR
|
||||
should be started from
|
||||
\fI/etc/rc\fR. The
|
||||
\fI/var/run/utmp\fR
|
||||
file is scanned periodically and each user name is checked to see if the named user is permitted on the named port at the current time. Any login session which is violating the restrictions in
|
||||
\fI/etc/porttime\fR
|
||||
is terminated.
|
||||
.SH "FILER"
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/porttime\fR
|
||||
Fil som innehåller portåtkomst
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/var/run/utmp\fR
|
||||
Lista på aktuella inloggningssessioner.
|
||||
@@ -1,62 +0,0 @@
|
||||
.\" Title: newgrp
|
||||
.\" Author:
|
||||
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.70.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
|
||||
.\" Date: 20.07.2006
|
||||
.\" Manual: Användarkommandon
|
||||
.\" Source: Användarkommandon
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.TH "NEWGRP" "1" "20\-07\-2006" "Användarkommandon" "Användarkommandon"
|
||||
.\" disable hyphenation
|
||||
.nh
|
||||
.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
|
||||
.ad l
|
||||
.SH "NAMN"
|
||||
newgrp \- logga in i en ny grupp
|
||||
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
|
||||
.HP 7
|
||||
\fBnewgrp\fR [\-] [\fIgrupp\fR]
|
||||
.SH "BESKRIVNING"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
|
||||
\fBnewgrp\fR
|
||||
is used to change the current group ID during a login session. If the optional
|
||||
\fB\-\fR
|
||||
flag is given, the user's environment will be reinitialized as though the user had logged in, otherwise the current environment, including current working directory, remains unchanged.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
|
||||
\fBnewgrp\fR
|
||||
changes the current real group ID to the named group, or to the default group listed in
|
||||
\fI/etc/passwd\fR
|
||||
if no group name is given.
|
||||
\fBnewgrp\fR
|
||||
also tries to add the group to the user groupset. If not root, the user will be prompted for a password if she does not have a password (in
|
||||
\fI/etc/shadow\fR
|
||||
if this user has an entry in the shadowed password file, or in
|
||||
\fI/etc/passwd\fR
|
||||
otherwise) and the group does, or if the user is not listed as a member and the group has a password. The user will be denied access if the group password is empty and the user is not listed as a member.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
If there is an entry for this group in
|
||||
\fI/etc/gshadow\fR, then the list of members and the password of this group will be taken from this file, otherwise, the entry in
|
||||
\fI/etc/group\fR
|
||||
is considered.
|
||||
.SH "FILER"
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/passwd\fR
|
||||
Användarkontoinformation.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/shadow\fR
|
||||
Säker användarkontoinformation.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/group\fR
|
||||
Gruppkontoinformation.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/gshadow\fR
|
||||
Säker gruppkontoinformation.
|
||||
.SH "SE OCKSÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fBid\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBlogin\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBsu\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBgpasswd\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBgroup\fR(5),
|
||||
\fBgshadow\fR(5).
|
||||
@@ -1,49 +0,0 @@
|
||||
.\" Title: newusers
|
||||
.\" Author:
|
||||
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.70.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
|
||||
.\" Date: 20.07.2006
|
||||
.\" Manual: Systemhanteringskommandon
|
||||
.\" Source: Systemhanteringskommandon
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.TH "NEWUSERS" "8" "20\-07\-2006" "Systemhanteringskommandon" "Systemhanteringskommandon"
|
||||
.\" disable hyphenation
|
||||
.nh
|
||||
.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
|
||||
.ad l
|
||||
.SH "NAMN"
|
||||
newusers \- uppdatera och skapa nya användare satsvis
|
||||
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
|
||||
.HP 9
|
||||
\fBnewusers\fR [\fInya_användare\fR]
|
||||
.SH "BESKRIVNING"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
|
||||
\fBnewusers\fR
|
||||
reads a file of user name and clear\-text password pairs and uses this information to update a group of existing users or to create new users. Each line is in the same format as the standard password file (see
|
||||
\fBpasswd\fR(5)) with the following exceptions:
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fIpw_passwd\fR
|
||||
Detta fält kommer att krypteras och användas som det nya värdet för det krypterade lösenordet.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fIpw_age\fR
|
||||
Detta fält kommer att ignoreras för skugglösenord om användaren redan finns.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fIpw_gid\fR
|
||||
Detta fält kan vara namnet på en existerande grupp och som då den angivna användaren kommer att läggas till som medlem i. Om en icke\-existerande numerisk grupp anges kommer en ny grupp att skapas med detta nummer.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fIpw_dir\fR
|
||||
This field will be checked for existence as a directory and a new directory with the same name will be created if it does not already exist. The ownership of the directory will be set to be that of the user being created or updated.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Detta kommando är tänkt att användas i större systemmiljöer där många konton uppdateras på samma gång.
|
||||
.SH "TÄNK PÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Inmatningsfilen måste skyddas eftersom den innehåller okrypterade lösenord.
|
||||
.SH "FILER"
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/login.defs\fR
|
||||
Shadow password suite configuration.
|
||||
.SH "SE OCKSÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fBlogin.defs\fR(5),
|
||||
\fBpasswd\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBuseradd\fR(8).
|
||||
@@ -1,33 +0,0 @@
|
||||
.\" Title: nologin
|
||||
.\" Author:
|
||||
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.70.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
|
||||
.\" Date: 20.07.2006
|
||||
.\" Manual: Systemhanteringskommandon
|
||||
.\" Source: Systemhanteringskommandon
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.TH "NOLOGIN" "8" "20\-07\-2006" "Systemhanteringskommandon" "Systemhanteringskommandon"
|
||||
.\" disable hyphenation
|
||||
.nh
|
||||
.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
|
||||
.ad l
|
||||
.SH "NAMN"
|
||||
nologin \- vägra snällt en inloggning
|
||||
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
|
||||
.HP 8
|
||||
\fBnologin\fR
|
||||
.SH "BESKRIVNING"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fBnologin\fR
|
||||
visar ett meddelande om att kontot inte är tillgÃ\(Csngligt och avslutas med icke\-noll\-status. Det är tänkt som ett ersÃ\(Csttande skalfält för konton som har inaktiverats.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
För att inaktivera alla inloggningar, undersök
|
||||
\fBnologin\fR(5).
|
||||
.SH "SE OCKSÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fBlogin\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBnologin\fR(5).
|
||||
.SH "HISTORIK"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Kommandot
|
||||
\fBnologin\fR
|
||||
dök upp i BSD 4.4.
|
||||
178
man/sv/passwd.1
178
man/sv/passwd.1
@@ -1,178 +0,0 @@
|
||||
.\" Title: passwd
|
||||
.\" Author:
|
||||
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.70.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
|
||||
.\" Date: 20.07.2006
|
||||
.\" Manual: Användarkommandon
|
||||
.\" Source: Användarkommandon
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.TH "PASSWD" "1" "20\-07\-2006" "Användarkommandon" "Användarkommandon"
|
||||
.\" disable hyphenation
|
||||
.nh
|
||||
.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
|
||||
.ad l
|
||||
.SH "NAMN"
|
||||
passwd \- ändra användarlösenord
|
||||
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
|
||||
.HP 7
|
||||
\fBpasswd\fR [\fIflaggor\fR] [\fIINLOGGNINGSNAMN\fR]
|
||||
.SH "BESKRIVNING"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fBpasswd\fR
|
||||
ändrar lösenord för användarkonton. En vanlig användare kan endast ändra lösenordet för sitt egna konto men superanvÃ\(Csndaren kan ändra lösenord för alla konton.
|
||||
\fBpasswd\fR
|
||||
Ã\(Csndrar även kontoinformation, såsom det fullständiga namnet för anvÃ\(Csndaren, användarens inloggningsskal eller hans/hennes utgångsdatum för lösenordet och intervall.
|
||||
.SS "Lösenordsändringar"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Användaren frågas först efter hans/hennes gamla lösenord, om det finns nÃ\(Yegot. Detta lösenord krypteras sedan och jämförs mot det lagrade lösenordet. Användaren har endast en chans att ange det korrekta lösenordet. Superanvändaren tillåts kringgå detta steg så att bortglömda lösenord kan ändras.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Efter att lösenordet har matats in kontrolleras lösenordets Ã\(Yeldringsinformation för att se om användaren tillåts att ändra lösenord för tillfället. Om inte, nekar
|
||||
\fBpasswd\fR
|
||||
att ändra lösenordet och avslutas.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Användaren frågas sedan två gånger efter ett ersättande lösenord. Den andra inmatningen jämförs mot den första och båda måste stämma överens för att lösenordet ska ändras.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Sedan testas lösenordet för sin komplexitet. Som en allmän riktlinje bör lösenord innehålla 6 till 8 tecken och inkluderas ett eller flera tecken från var och en av följande punkter:
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
gemena bokstäver ur alfabetet
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
siffrorna 0 till 9
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
skiljetecken
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
.RE
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Tänk på att inte inkludera systemets standardtecken för radering eller döda.
|
||||
\fBpasswd\fR
|
||||
kommer att neka alla lösenord som inte har lämplig komplexitet.
|
||||
.\" end of SS subsection "Lösenordsändringar"
|
||||
.SS "Tips för användarlösenord"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Säkerhet i ett lösenord beror på styrkan på krypteringsalgoritmen och nyckellängden. Krypteringsmetoden för
|
||||
\fIUNIX\-system\fR
|
||||
är baserad på NBS DES\-algoritmen och är mycket säker. Längden på nyckeln Ã\(Csr beroende på slumpmässigheten för det valda lösenordet.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Problem i lösenordssäkerheten brukar normalt komma från slarvigt valda lösenord eller hantering. Av denna anledning bör du inte välja ett lösenord som finns i en ordbok eller som måste skrivas ner. Lösenordet bör heller inte vara ett korrekt namn, ditt personnummer, födelsedatum eller gatuadress. Dessa kan användas som gissningar för att ta sig in i systemet.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Ditt lösenord måste vara lätt att komma ihåg så att du inte behöver skriva ner det på en papperslapp. Detta kan göras genom att lägga till tvÃ\(Ye små ord tillsammans och separera dem med ett specialtecken eller siffra. Till exempel, Pass%word.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Andra metoder för att konstruera lösenord är att välja en literär fras som är lätt att komma ihåg och välja den första eller sista bokstaven från varje ord. Ett exempel på detta är:
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
Fråga inte för vem klockorna ringer klockan 3
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
som blir
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
Fifvkrk3
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
.RE
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Du kan vara hyffsat säker på att få hackare har inkluderat detta i sina ordböcker. Du bör dock välja dina egna metoder för att konstruera lösenord och inte enbart förlita dig på de metoder som anges här.
|
||||
.\" end of SS subsection "Tips för användarlösenord"
|
||||
.SH "FLAGGOR"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Flaggorna som gäller för kommandot
|
||||
\fBpasswd\fR
|
||||
är:
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-all\fR
|
||||
Denna flagga kan endast användas med
|
||||
\fB\-S\fR
|
||||
och gör att status visas för alla användare.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-delete\fR
|
||||
Ta bort en användares lösenord (gör det blankt). Detta är ett snabbt sÃ\(Cstt att inaktivera ett lösenord för ett konto. Det kommer att ta bort det angivna kontots lösenord.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-e\fR, \fB\-\-expire\fR
|
||||
Lösenordet för ett konto sätts omedelbart som utgånget. Detta kan tvinga en användare att ändra sitt lösenord vid nästa inloggningsförsök.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR
|
||||
Visa hjälpmeddelande och avsluta.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-i\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\fIINAKTIV\fR
|
||||
Denna flagga används för att inaktivera ett konto efter att lösenordet har varit utgånget i ett antal dagar. Efter att ett användarkonto har haft ett utgånget lösenord i
|
||||
\fIINAKTIV\fR
|
||||
dagar får anvÃ\(Csndaren inte längre logga in med detta konto.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-k\fR, \fB\-\-keep\-tokens\fR
|
||||
Indikera lösenordsändring bör endast genomföras för utgångna autentiseringslösenord. Användaren önskar behålla sitt icke\-utgångna lösenord som tidigare.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-l\fR, \fB\-\-lock\fR
|
||||
Lås angivet konto. Denna flagga inaktiverar ett konto genom att ändra lösenordet till ett värde som inte matchar något möjligt krypterat vÃ\(Csrde.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-m\fR, \fB\-\-mindays\fR\fIMIN_DAGAR\fR
|
||||
Sätter minimalt antal dagar mellan lösenordsändringar till
|
||||
\fIMIN_DAGAR\fR. Ett nollvärde för detta fält betyder att användaren kan ändra sitt lösenord när som helst.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-q\fR, \fB\-\-quiet\fR
|
||||
Tyst läge.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-repository\fR\fIFÖRRÅD\fR
|
||||
ändra lösenord i förrådet
|
||||
\fIFÖRRÅD\fR
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-S\fR, \fB\-\-status\fR
|
||||
Visa statusinformation för konto. Statusinformationen innehåller 7 fält. Första fältet är användarens inloggningsnamn. Det andra fältet indikerar om användarkontot är låst (L), saknar lösenord (NP) eller har ett användbart lösenord (P). Det tredje fältet anger datumet för senaste lösenordsändringen. De nästa fyra fälten är minimal ålder, maximal Ã\(Yelder, varningsperiod och inaktivitetsperiod för lösenordet. Dessa åldrar anges i dagar.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-u\fR, \fB\-\-unlock\fR
|
||||
Lås upp angivet konto. Denna flagga återaktiverar ett konto genom att Ã\(Csndra tillbaka lösenordet till dess tidigare värde (till värdet före anvÃ\(Csndning av flaggan
|
||||
\fB\-l\fR).
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-w\fR, \fB\-\-warndays\fR\fIVARN_DAGAR\fR
|
||||
Sätter antalet dagar för varning före ett lösenord behöver ändras. Flaggan
|
||||
\fIVARN_DAGAR\fR
|
||||
är antalet dagar före anvÃ\(Csndaren varnas om att lösenordet är på väg att bli utgånget.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-x\fR, \fB\-\-maxdays\fR\fIMAX_DAGAR\fR
|
||||
Sätter maximalt antal dagar som ett lösenord ska vara giltigt. Efter
|
||||
\fIMAX_DAGAR\fR
|
||||
krävs det att lösenordet ändras.
|
||||
.SH "TÄNK PÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Inte alla flaggor kanske stöds. Kontroll av lösenordskomplexiteten kan variera mellan olika system. Användare rekommenderas att välja ett lösenord som är så komplext som han eller hon känner sig komfortabel med. Användare kanske inte kan ändra sina lösenord på ett system om NIS Ã\(Csr aktiverat och de inte är inloggade mot NIS\-servern.
|
||||
.SH "FILER"
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/passwd\fR
|
||||
Användarkontoinformation.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/shadow\fR
|
||||
Säker användarkontoinformation.
|
||||
.SH "AVSLUTNINGSVÄRDEN"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Kommandot
|
||||
\fBpasswd\fR
|
||||
avslutas med följande värden:
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI0\fR
|
||||
lyckad
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI1\fR
|
||||
åtkomst nekad
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI2\fR
|
||||
ogiltig kombination av flaggor
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI3\fR
|
||||
oväntat fel, ingenting har genomförts
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI4\fR
|
||||
oväntat fel, filen
|
||||
\fIpasswd\fR
|
||||
saknas
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI5\fR
|
||||
Filen
|
||||
\fIpasswd\fR
|
||||
är upptagen, försök igen
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI6\fR
|
||||
ogiltigt argument till flagga
|
||||
.SH "SE OCKSÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fBgroup\fR(5),
|
||||
\fBpasswd\fR(5),
|
||||
\fBshadow\fR(5).
|
||||
@@ -1,96 +0,0 @@
|
||||
.\" Title: passwd
|
||||
.\" Author:
|
||||
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.70.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
|
||||
.\" Date: 20.07.2006
|
||||
.\" Manual: Filformat och konversioner
|
||||
.\" Source: Filformat och konversioner
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.TH "PASSWD" "5" "20\-07\-2006" "Filformat och konversioner" "Filformat och konversioner"
|
||||
.\" disable hyphenation
|
||||
.nh
|
||||
.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
|
||||
.ad l
|
||||
.SH "NAMN"
|
||||
passwd \- lösenordsfilen
|
||||
.SH "BESKRIVNING"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fI/etc/passwd\fR
|
||||
innehåller en rad för varje anvÃ\(Csndarkonto men sju fält separerade med kolontecken (\(lq:\(rq). Dessa fält är:
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
inloggningsnamn
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
valfritt krypterat lösenord
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
numeriskt användar\-id
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
numeriskt grupp\-id
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
användarnamn eller kommentarsfält
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
användarens hemkatalog
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
optional user command interpreter
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
.RE
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The encrypted password field may be blank, in which case no password is required to authenticate as the specified login name. However, some applications which read the
|
||||
\fI/etc/passwd\fR
|
||||
file may decide not to permit
|
||||
\fIany\fR
|
||||
access at all if the
|
||||
\fIpassword\fR
|
||||
field is blank. If the
|
||||
\fIpassword\fR
|
||||
field is a lower\-case
|
||||
\(lqx\(rq, then the encrypted password is actually stored in the
|
||||
\fBshadow\fR(5)
|
||||
file instead; there
|
||||
\fImust\fR
|
||||
be a corresponding line in the
|
||||
\fI/etc/shadow\fR
|
||||
file, or else the user account is invalid. If the
|
||||
\fIpassword\fR
|
||||
field is any other string, then it will be treated as an encrypted password, as specified by
|
||||
\fBcrypt\fR(3).
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The comment field is used by various system utilities, such as
|
||||
\fBfinger\fR(1).
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The home directory field provides the name of the initial working directory. The
|
||||
\fBlogin\fR
|
||||
program uses this information to set the value of the
|
||||
\fB$HOME\fR
|
||||
environmental variable.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The command interpreter field provides the name of the user's command language interpreter, or the name of the initial program to execute. The
|
||||
\fBlogin\fR
|
||||
program uses this information to set the value of the
|
||||
\fB$SHELL\fR
|
||||
environmental variable. If this field is empty, it defaults to the value
|
||||
\fI/bin/sh\fR.
|
||||
.SH "FILER"
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/passwd\fR
|
||||
Användarkontoinformation.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/shadow\fR
|
||||
optional encrypted password file
|
||||
.SH "SE OCKSÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fBgetent\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBlogin\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBpasswd\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBsu\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBcrypt\fR(3),
|
||||
\fBgetpwnam\fR(3),
|
||||
\fBshadow\fR(5),
|
||||
\fBpwconv\fR(8),
|
||||
\fBpwunconv\fR(8),
|
||||
\fBsulogin\fR(8).
|
||||
@@ -1,73 +0,0 @@
|
||||
.\" Title: porttime
|
||||
.\" Author:
|
||||
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.70.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
|
||||
.\" Date: 20.07.2006
|
||||
.\" Manual: Filformat och konversioner
|
||||
.\" Source: Filformat och konversioner
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.TH "PORTTIME" "5" "20\-07\-2006" "Filformat och konversioner" "Filformat och konversioner"
|
||||
.\" disable hyphenation
|
||||
.nh
|
||||
.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
|
||||
.ad l
|
||||
.SH "NAMN"
|
||||
porttime \- port access time file
|
||||
.SH "BESKRIVNING"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fIporttime\fR
|
||||
innehåller en lista av tty\-enheter, användarnamn och tillåtna inloggningstider.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Each entry consists of three colon separated fields. The first field is a comma separated list of tty devices, or an asterisk to indicate that all tty devices are matched by this entry. The second field is a comma separated list of user names, or an asterisk to indicated that all user names are matched by this entry. The third field is a comma separated list of permitted access times.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Each access time entry consists of zero or more days of the week, abbreviated
|
||||
\fISu\fR,
|
||||
\fIMo\fR,
|
||||
\fITu\fR,
|
||||
\fIWe\fR,
|
||||
\fITh\fR,
|
||||
\fIFr\fR, and
|
||||
\fISa\fR, followed by a pair of times separated by a hyphen. The abbreviation
|
||||
\fIWk\fR
|
||||
may be used to represent Monday thru Friday, and
|
||||
\fIAl\fR
|
||||
may be used to indicate every day. If no days are given,
|
||||
\fIAl\fR
|
||||
is assumed.
|
||||
.SH "EXEMPEL"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Följande post tillåter åtkomst för användaren
|
||||
\fBjfh\fR
|
||||
på varje port under veckodagar från 09.00 till 17.00.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
*:jfh:Wk0900\-1700
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
De följande posterna tillåter åtkomst endast till användarna
|
||||
\fIroot\fR
|
||||
och
|
||||
\fIoper\fR
|
||||
på
|
||||
\fI/dev/console\fR
|
||||
när som helst. Detta illustrerar hur filen
|
||||
\fI/etc/porttime\fR
|
||||
är en ordnad lista för åtkomsttider. Alla andra användare skulle matcha den andra poster, vilken inte tillåter någon Ã\(Yetkomst oavsett tid.
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
.RS 3n
|
||||
.nf
|
||||
console:root,oper:Al0000\-2400
|
||||
console:*:
|
||||
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.RE
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Fölajnde post tillåter åtkomst för användaren
|
||||
\fIgames\fR
|
||||
på valfri port men inte under arbetstid.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
*:games:Wk1700\-0900,SaSu0000\-2400
|
||||
.SH "FILER"
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/porttime\fR
|
||||
Fil som innehåller portåtkomst
|
||||
.SH "SE OCKSÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fBlogin\fR(1).
|
||||
131
man/sv/pwck.8
131
man/sv/pwck.8
@@ -1,131 +0,0 @@
|
||||
.\" Title: pwck
|
||||
.\" Author:
|
||||
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.70.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
|
||||
.\" Date: 20.07.2006
|
||||
.\" Manual: Systemhanteringskommandon
|
||||
.\" Source: Systemhanteringskommandon
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.TH "PWCK" "8" "20\-07\-2006" "Systemhanteringskommandon" "Systemhanteringskommandon"
|
||||
.\" disable hyphenation
|
||||
.nh
|
||||
.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
|
||||
.ad l
|
||||
.SH "NAMN"
|
||||
pwck \- validera integriteten för lösenordsfiler
|
||||
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
|
||||
.HP 5
|
||||
\fBpwck\fR [\-q] [\-s] [\fIpasswd\fR\ \fIshadow\fR]
|
||||
.HP 5
|
||||
\fBpwck\fR [\-q] [\-r] [\fIpasswd\fR\ \fIshadow\fR]
|
||||
.SH "BESKRIVNING"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
|
||||
\fBpwck\fR
|
||||
verifies the integrity of the system authentication information. All entries in the
|
||||
\fI/etc/passwd\fR
|
||||
and
|
||||
\fI/etc/shadow\fR
|
||||
are checked to see that the entry has the proper format and valid data in each field. The user is prompted to delete entries that are improperly formatted or which have other uncorrectable errors.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Kontroller görs för att validera att varje post har:
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
korrekt antal fält
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
ett unikt användarnamn
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
en giltig identifierare för användare och grupp
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
en giltig primär grupp
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
en giltig hemkatalog
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
ett giltigt inloggningsskal
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
.RE
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The checks for correct number of fields and unique user name are fatal. If the entry has the wrong number of fields, the user will be prompted to delete the entire line. If the user does not answer affirmatively, all further checks are bypassed. An entry with a duplicated user name is prompted for deletion, but the remaining checks will still be made. All other errors are warning and the user is encouraged to run the
|
||||
\fBusermod\fR
|
||||
command to correct the error.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The commands which operate on the
|
||||
\fI/etc/passwd\fR
|
||||
file are not able to alter corrupted or duplicated entries.
|
||||
\fBpwck\fR
|
||||
should be used in those circumstances to remove the offending entry.
|
||||
.SH "FLAGGOR"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Flaggorna som gäller för kommandot
|
||||
\fBpwck\fR
|
||||
är:
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-q\fR
|
||||
Report errors only. The warnings which do not require any action from the user won't be displayed.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-r\fR
|
||||
Starta kommandot
|
||||
\fBpwck\fR
|
||||
i skrivskyddat läge.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-s\fR
|
||||
Sorterar poster i
|
||||
\fI/etc/passwd\fR
|
||||
och
|
||||
\fI/etc/shadow\fR
|
||||
efter UID.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
By default,
|
||||
\fBpwck\fR
|
||||
operates on the files
|
||||
\fI/etc/passwd\fR
|
||||
and
|
||||
\fI/etc/shadow\fR. The user may select alternate files with the
|
||||
\fIpasswd\fR
|
||||
and
|
||||
\fIshadow\fR
|
||||
parameters.
|
||||
.SH "FILER"
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/group\fR
|
||||
Gruppkontoinformation.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/passwd\fR
|
||||
Användarkontoinformation.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/shadow\fR
|
||||
Säker användarkontoinformation.
|
||||
.SH "SE OCKSÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fBgroup\fR(5),
|
||||
\fBpasswd\fR(5),
|
||||
\fBshadow\fR(5),
|
||||
\fBusermod\fR(8).
|
||||
.SH "AVSLUTNINGSVÄRDEN"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Kommandot
|
||||
\fBpwck\fR
|
||||
avslutas med följande värden:
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI0\fR
|
||||
lyckad
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI1\fR
|
||||
ogiltig kommandosyntax
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI2\fR
|
||||
en eller flera felaktiga lösenordsposter
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI3\fR
|
||||
kan inte öppna lösenordsfiler
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI4\fR
|
||||
kan inte låsa lösenordsfiler
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI5\fR
|
||||
kan inte uppdatera lösenordsfiler
|
||||
|
||||
110
man/sv/pwconv.8
110
man/sv/pwconv.8
@@ -1,110 +0,0 @@
|
||||
.\" Title: pwconv
|
||||
.\" Author:
|
||||
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.70.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
|
||||
.\" Date: 20.07.2006
|
||||
.\" Manual: Systemhanteringskommandon
|
||||
.\" Source: Systemhanteringskommandon
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.TH "PWCONV" "8" "20\-07\-2006" "Systemhanteringskommandon" "Systemhanteringskommandon"
|
||||
.\" disable hyphenation
|
||||
.nh
|
||||
.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
|
||||
.ad l
|
||||
.SH "NAMN"
|
||||
pwconv, pwunconv, grpconv, grpunconv \- konvertera till och från skugglösenord och grupper
|
||||
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
|
||||
.HP 7
|
||||
\fBpwconv\fR
|
||||
.HP 9
|
||||
\fBpwunconv\fR
|
||||
.HP 8
|
||||
\fBgrpconv\fR
|
||||
.HP 10
|
||||
\fBgrpunconv\fR
|
||||
.SH "BESKRIVNING"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
|
||||
\fBpwconv\fR
|
||||
creates
|
||||
\fIshadow\fR
|
||||
from
|
||||
\fIpasswd\fR
|
||||
and an optionally existing
|
||||
\fIshadow\fR.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
|
||||
\fBpwunconv\fR
|
||||
creates
|
||||
\fIpasswd\fR
|
||||
from
|
||||
\fIpasswd\fR
|
||||
and
|
||||
\fIshadow\fR
|
||||
and then removes
|
||||
\fIshadow\fR.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
|
||||
\fBgrpconv\fR
|
||||
creates
|
||||
\fIgshadow\fR
|
||||
from
|
||||
\fIgroup\fR
|
||||
and an optionally existing
|
||||
\fIgshadow\fR.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
|
||||
\fBgrpunconv\fR
|
||||
creates
|
||||
\fIgroup\fR
|
||||
from
|
||||
\fIgroup\fR
|
||||
and
|
||||
\fIgshadow\fR
|
||||
and then removes
|
||||
\fIgshadow\fR.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
These four programs all operate on the normal and shadow password and group files:
|
||||
\fI/etc/passwd\fR,
|
||||
\fI/etc/group\fR,
|
||||
\fI/etc/shadow\fR, and
|
||||
\fI/etc/gshadow\fR.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Each program acquires the necessary locks before conversion.
|
||||
\fBpwconv\fR
|
||||
and
|
||||
\fBgrpconv\fR
|
||||
are similar. First, entries in the shadowed file which don't exist in the main file are removed. Then, shadowed entries which don't have `x' as the password in the main file are updated. Any missing shadowed entries are added. Finally, passwords in the main file are replaced with `x'. These programs can be used for initial conversion as well to update the shadowed file if the main file is edited by hand.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
|
||||
\fBpwconv\fR
|
||||
will use the values of
|
||||
\fIPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR,
|
||||
\fIPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR, and
|
||||
\fIPASS_WARN_AGE\fR
|
||||
from
|
||||
\fI/etc/login.defs\fR
|
||||
when adding new entries to
|
||||
\fI/etc/shadow\fR.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Likewise
|
||||
\fBpwunconv\fR
|
||||
and
|
||||
\fBgrpunconv\fR
|
||||
are similar. Passwords in the main file are updated from the shadowed file. Entries which exist in the main file but not in the shadowed file are left alone. Finally, the shadowed file is removed. Some password aging information is lost by
|
||||
\fBpwunconv\fR. It will convert what it can.
|
||||
.SH "FEL"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Errors in the password or group files (such as invalid or duplicate entries) may cause these programs to loop forever or fail in other strange ways. Please run
|
||||
\fBpwck\fR
|
||||
and
|
||||
\fBgrpck\fR
|
||||
to correct any such errors before converting to or from shadow passwords or groups.
|
||||
.SH "FILER"
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/login.defs\fR
|
||||
Shadow password suite configuration.
|
||||
.SH "SE OCKSÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fBgrpck\fR(8),
|
||||
\fBlogin.defs\fR(5),
|
||||
\fBpwck\fR(8).
|
||||
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
|
||||
.so man8/pwconv.8
|
||||
61
man/sv/sg.1
61
man/sv/sg.1
@@ -1,61 +0,0 @@
|
||||
.\" Title: sg
|
||||
.\" Author:
|
||||
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.70.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
|
||||
.\" Date: 20.07.2006
|
||||
.\" Manual: Användarkommandon
|
||||
.\" Source: Användarkommandon
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.TH "SG" "1" "20\-07\-2006" "Användarkommandon" "Användarkommandon"
|
||||
.\" disable hyphenation
|
||||
.nh
|
||||
.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
|
||||
.ad l
|
||||
.SH "NAMN"
|
||||
sg \- kör kommando med annat grupp\-id
|
||||
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
|
||||
.HP 3
|
||||
\fBsg\fR [\-] [grupp\ [\-c]\ kommando]
|
||||
.SH "BESKRIVNING"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The
|
||||
\fBsg\fR
|
||||
command works similar to
|
||||
\fBnewgrp\fR
|
||||
but accepts a command. The command will be executed with the
|
||||
\fI/bin/sh\fR
|
||||
shell. With most shells you may run
|
||||
\fBsg\fR
|
||||
from, you need to enclose multi\-word commands in quotes. Another difference between
|
||||
\fBnewgrp\fR
|
||||
and
|
||||
\fBsg\fR
|
||||
is that some shells treat
|
||||
\fBnewgrp\fR
|
||||
specially, replacing themselves with a new instance of a shell that
|
||||
\fBnewgrp\fR
|
||||
creates. This doesn't happen with
|
||||
\fBsg\fR, so upon exit from a
|
||||
\fBsg\fR
|
||||
command you are returned to your previous group ID.
|
||||
.SH "FILER"
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/passwd\fR
|
||||
Användarkontoinformation.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/shadow\fR
|
||||
Säker användarkontoinformation.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/group\fR
|
||||
Gruppkontoinformation.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/gshadow\fR
|
||||
Säker gruppkontoinformation.
|
||||
.SH "SE OCKSÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fBid\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBlogin\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBnewgrp\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBsu\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBgpasswd\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBgroup\fR(5),
|
||||
\fBgshadow\fR(5)
|
||||
163
man/sv/shadow.3
163
man/sv/shadow.3
@@ -1,163 +0,0 @@
|
||||
.\" Title: shadow
|
||||
.\" Author:
|
||||
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.70.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
|
||||
.\" Date: 20.07.2006
|
||||
.\" Manual: Biblioteksanrop
|
||||
.\" Source: Biblioteksanrop
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.TH "SHADOW" "3" "20\-07\-2006" "Biblioteksanrop" "Biblioteksanrop"
|
||||
.\" disable hyphenation
|
||||
.nh
|
||||
.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
|
||||
.ad l
|
||||
.SH "NAMN"
|
||||
shadow, getspnam \- encrypted password file routines
|
||||
.SH "SYNTAX"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
|
||||
\fI#include <shadow.h>\fR
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
|
||||
\fIstruct spwd *getspent();\fR
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
|
||||
\fIstruct spwd *getspnam(char\fR
|
||||
\fI*name\fR\fI);\fR
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
|
||||
\fIvoid setspent();\fR
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
|
||||
\fIvoid endspent();\fR
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
|
||||
\fIstruct spwd *fgetspent(FILE\fR
|
||||
\fI*fp\fR\fI);\fR
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
|
||||
\fIstruct spwd *sgetspent(char\fR
|
||||
\fI*cp\fR\fI);\fR
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
|
||||
\fIint putspent(struct spwd\fR
|
||||
\fI*p,\fR
|
||||
\fIFIL\fR
|
||||
\fI*fp\fR\fI);\fR
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
|
||||
\fIint lckpwdf();\fR
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
|
||||
\fIint ulckpwdf();\fR
|
||||
.SH "BESKRIVNING"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
|
||||
\fIshadow\fR
|
||||
manipulates the contents of the shadow password file,
|
||||
\fI/etc/shadow\fR. The structure in the
|
||||
\fI#include\fR
|
||||
file is:
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
.RS 3n
|
||||
.nf
|
||||
struct spwd {
|
||||
char *sp_namp; /* user login name */
|
||||
char *sp_pwdp; /* encrypted password */
|
||||
long int sp_lstchg; /* last password change */
|
||||
long int sp_min; /* days until change allowed. */
|
||||
long int sp_max; /* days before change required */
|
||||
long int sp_warn; /* days warning for expiration */
|
||||
long int sp_inact; /* days before account inactive */
|
||||
long int sp_expire; /* date when account expires */
|
||||
unsigned long int sp_flag; /* reserved for future use */
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.RE
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Betydelsen av varje fält är:
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
sp_namp \- pointer to null\-terminated user name
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
sp_pwdp \- pointer to null\-terminated password
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
sp_lstchg \- days since Jan 1, 1970 password was last changed
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
sp_min \- days before which password may not be changed
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
sp_max \- days after which password must be changed
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
sp_warn \- days before password is to expire that user is warned of pending password expiration
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
sp_inact \- days after password expires that account is considered inactive and disabled
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
sp_expire \- days since Jan 1, 1970 when account will be disabled
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
sp_flag \- reserverat för framtida användning
|
||||
.SH "BESKRIVNING"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
|
||||
\fIgetspent\fR,
|
||||
\fIgetspname\fR,
|
||||
\fIfgetspent\fR, and
|
||||
\fIsgetspent\fR
|
||||
each return a pointer to a
|
||||
\fIstruct spwd\fR.
|
||||
\fIgetspent\fR
|
||||
returns the next entry from the file, and
|
||||
\fIfgetspent\fR
|
||||
returns the next entry from the given stream, which is assumed to be a file of the proper format.
|
||||
\fIsgetspent\fR
|
||||
returns a pointer to a
|
||||
\fIstruct spwd\fR
|
||||
using the provided string as input.
|
||||
\fIgetspnam\fR
|
||||
searches from the current position in the file for an entry matching
|
||||
\fIname\fR.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
|
||||
\fIsetspent\fR
|
||||
and
|
||||
\fIendspent\fR
|
||||
may be used to begin and end, respectively, access to the shadow password file.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The
|
||||
\fIlckpwdf\fR
|
||||
and
|
||||
\fIulckpwdf\fR
|
||||
routines should be used to insure exclusive access to the
|
||||
\fI/etc/shadow\fR
|
||||
file.
|
||||
\fIlckpwdf\fR
|
||||
attempts to acquire a lock using
|
||||
\fIpw_lock\fR
|
||||
for up to 15 seconds. It continues by attempting to acquire a second lock using
|
||||
\fIspw_lock\fR
|
||||
for the remainder of the initial 15 seconds. Should either attempt fail after a total of 15 seconds,
|
||||
\fIlckpwdf\fR
|
||||
returns \-1. When both locks are acquired 0 is returned.
|
||||
.SH "DIAGNOSTIK"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Routines return NULL if no more entries are available or if an error occurs during processing. Routines which have
|
||||
\fIint\fR
|
||||
as the return value return 0 for success and \-1 for failure.
|
||||
.SH "TÄNK PÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
These routines may only be used by the super user as access to the shadow password file is restricted.
|
||||
.SH "FILER"
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/shadow\fR
|
||||
Säker användarkontoinformation.
|
||||
.SH "SE OCKSÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fBgetpwent\fR(3),
|
||||
\fBshadow\fR(5).
|
||||
@@ -1,84 +0,0 @@
|
||||
.\" Title: shadow
|
||||
.\" Author:
|
||||
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.70.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
|
||||
.\" Date: 20.07.2006
|
||||
.\" Manual: Filformat och konversioner
|
||||
.\" Source: Filformat och konversioner
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.TH "SHADOW" "5" "20\-07\-2006" "Filformat och konversioner" "Filformat och konversioner"
|
||||
.\" disable hyphenation
|
||||
.nh
|
||||
.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
|
||||
.ad l
|
||||
.SH "NAMN"
|
||||
shadow \- krypterad lösenordsfil
|
||||
.SH "BESKRIVNING"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
|
||||
\fIshadow\fR
|
||||
contains the encrypted password information for user's accounts and optional the password aging information. Included is:
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
inloggningsnamn
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
krypterat lösenord
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
dagar sedan 1:a januari, 1970 som lösenordet senast ändrades
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
dagar innan lösenordet får ändras
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
dagar efter vilket lösenordet måste ändras
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
dagar innan lösenordet går ut som användaren varnas
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
dagar efter att lösenordet gått ut och kontot inaktiveras
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
dagar sedan 1:a januari 1970 som kontot är inaktiverat
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
ett reserverat fält
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
.RE
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The password field must be filled. The encrypted password consists of 13 to 24 characters from the 64 characters alphabet a thru z, A thru Z, 0 thru 9, \\. and /. Optionally it can start with a "$" character. This means the encrypted password was generated using another (not DES) algorithm. For example if it starts with "$1$" it means the MD5\-based algorithm was used.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Referera till
|
||||
\fBcrypt\fR(3)
|
||||
för detaljer om hur denna sträng tolkas.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
If the password field contains some string that is not valid result of
|
||||
\fBcrypt\fR(3), for instance ! or *, the user will not be able to use a unix password to log in, subject to
|
||||
\fBpam\fR(7).
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The date of the last password change is given as the number of days since Jan 1, 1970. The password may not be changed again until the proper number of days have passed, and must be changed after the maximum number of days. If the minimum number of days required is greater than the maximum number of day allowed, this password may not be changed by the user.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
An account is considered to be inactive and is disabled if the password is not changed within the specified number of days after the password expires. An account will also be disabled on the specified day regardless of other password expiration information.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
This information supersedes any password or password age information present in
|
||||
\fI/etc/passwd\fR.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Denna fil får inte vara läsbar av vanliga användare om lösenordssÃ\(Cskerheten ska upprätthållas.
|
||||
.SH "FILER"
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/passwd\fR
|
||||
Användarkontoinformation.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/shadow\fR
|
||||
Säker användarkontoinformation.
|
||||
.SH "SE OCKSÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fBchage\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBlogin\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBsu\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBpasswd\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBpasswd\fR(5),
|
||||
\fBpwconv\fR(8),
|
||||
\fBpwunconv\fR(8),
|
||||
\fBsulogin\fR(8).
|
||||
135
man/sv/su.1
135
man/sv/su.1
@@ -1,135 +0,0 @@
|
||||
.\" Title: su
|
||||
.\" Author:
|
||||
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.70.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
|
||||
.\" Date: 20.07.2006
|
||||
.\" Manual: Användarkommandon
|
||||
.\" Source: Användarkommandon
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.TH "SU" "1" "20\-07\-2006" "Användarkommandon" "Användarkommandon"
|
||||
.\" disable hyphenation
|
||||
.nh
|
||||
.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
|
||||
.ad l
|
||||
.SH "NAMN"
|
||||
su \- ändra användar\-id eller bli superanvändare
|
||||
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
|
||||
.HP 3
|
||||
\fBsu\fR [\fIflaggor\fR] [\fIINLOGGNINGSNAMN\fR]
|
||||
.SH "BESKRIVNING"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fBsu\fR
|
||||
används för att bli en annan användare under en inloggningssession. Om det startas utan
|
||||
\fBanvändarnamn\fR, vÃ\(Csljer
|
||||
\fBsu\fR
|
||||
superanvändaren. Det valfria argumentet
|
||||
\fB\-\fR
|
||||
kan användas för att tillhandahålla en miljö som liknar den som användaren skulle förvänta sig om användaren hade loggat in direkt.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Additional arguments may be provided after the username, in which case they are supplied to the user's login shell. In particular, an argument of
|
||||
\fB\-c\fR
|
||||
will cause the next argument to be treated as a command by most command interpreters. The command will be executed by the shell specified in
|
||||
\fI/etc/passwd\fR
|
||||
for the target user.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Du kan använda argumentet
|
||||
\fB\-\-\fR
|
||||
för att separera flaggorna till
|
||||
\fBsu\fR
|
||||
från de argument som skickas till skalet.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Användaren kommer att frågas efter ett lösenord, om det är lämpligt. Ogiltiga lösenord kommer att ge ett felmeddelande. Alla försök, både giltiga och ogiltiga, loggas för att detektera misskötsel av systemet.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The current environment is passed to the new shell. The value of
|
||||
\fB$PATH\fR
|
||||
is reset to
|
||||
\fI/bin:/usr/bin\fR
|
||||
for normal users, or
|
||||
\fI/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin\fR
|
||||
for the super user. This may be changed with the
|
||||
\fIENV_PATH\fR
|
||||
and
|
||||
\fIENV_SUPATH\fR
|
||||
definitions in
|
||||
\fI/etc/login.defs\fR.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
A subsystem login is indicated by the presence of a "*" as the first character of the login shell. The given home directory will be used as the root of a new file system which the user is actually logged into.
|
||||
.SH "FLAGGOR"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Flaggorna som gäller för kommandot
|
||||
\fBsu\fR
|
||||
är:
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-command\fR\fISKAL\fR
|
||||
Ange ett kommando som ska startas av skalet med
|
||||
\fB\-c\fR.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-\fR, \fB\-l\fR, \fB\-\-login\fR
|
||||
Tillhandahåll en miljö som liknar den som användaren skulle förvänta sig om användaren loggat in direkt.
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
När
|
||||
\fB\-\fR
|
||||
används måste den anges som den sista flaggan för
|
||||
\fBsu\fR. De andra formerna (\fB\-l\fR
|
||||
och
|
||||
\fB\-\-login\fR) har inte denna restriktion.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-shell\fR\fISKAL\fR
|
||||
Skalet som ska startas.
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
The invoked shell is choosen among (higest priority first):
|
||||
.RS 3n
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
Skalet angivet med \-\-shell
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
Om
|
||||
\fB\-\-preserve\-environment\fR
|
||||
används, anges skalet med miljövariabeln
|
||||
\fB$SHELL\fR.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
The shell indicated in the
|
||||
\fI/etc/passwd\fR
|
||||
entry for the target user.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\(bu
|
||||
\fI/bin/sh\fR
|
||||
om ett skal inte kunde hittas med någon ovanstÃ\(Yeende metod.
|
||||
.RE
|
||||
.IP "" 3n
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
If the target user has a restricted shell (i.e. the shell field of this user's entry in
|
||||
\fI/etc/passwd\fR
|
||||
is not specified in
|
||||
\fI/etc/shell\fR), then the
|
||||
\fB\-\-shell\fR
|
||||
option or the
|
||||
\fB$SHELL\fR
|
||||
environment variable won't be taken into account unless
|
||||
\fBsu\fR
|
||||
is called by the root.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-m\fR, \fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-preserve\-environment\fR
|
||||
Behåll den aktuella miljön.
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
Om målanvändaren har ett begränsat skal har denna flagga ingen effekt (sÃ\(Yevida inte
|
||||
\fBsu\fR
|
||||
har startats av root).
|
||||
.SH "TÄNK PÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Denna version av
|
||||
\fBsu\fR
|
||||
har många kompileringsflaggor, kanske bara några används på specifika system.
|
||||
.SH "FILER"
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/passwd\fR
|
||||
Användarkontoinformation.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/shadow\fR
|
||||
Säker användarkontoinformation.
|
||||
.SH "SE OCKSÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fBlogin\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBlogin.defs\fR(5),
|
||||
\fBsh\fR(1)
|
||||
111
man/sv/suauth.5
111
man/sv/suauth.5
@@ -1,111 +0,0 @@
|
||||
.\" Title: suauth
|
||||
.\" Author:
|
||||
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.70.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
|
||||
.\" Date: 20.07.2006
|
||||
.\" Manual: Filformat och konversioner
|
||||
.\" Source: Filformat och konversioner
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.TH "SUAUTH" "5" "20\-07\-2006" "Filformat och konversioner" "Filformat och konversioner"
|
||||
.\" disable hyphenation
|
||||
.nh
|
||||
.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
|
||||
.ad l
|
||||
.SH "NAMN"
|
||||
suauth \- detaljerad kontrollfil för su
|
||||
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
|
||||
.HP 12
|
||||
\fB/etc/suauth\fR
|
||||
.SH "BESKRIVNING"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The file
|
||||
\fI/etc/suauth\fR
|
||||
is referenced whenever the su command is called. It can change the behaviour of the su command, based upon:
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
.RS 3n
|
||||
.nf
|
||||
1) the user su is targetting
|
||||
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.RE
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
2) the user executing the su command (or any groups he might be a member of)
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Filen är i följande format, med de rader som inleds med # behandlas som kommentarsrader och ignoreras;
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
.RS 3n
|
||||
.nf
|
||||
till\-id:från\-id:ÅTGÄRD
|
||||
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.RE
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Där till\-id är antingen ordet
|
||||
\fIALL\fR, en lista med anvÃ\(Csndarnamn separerade med "," eller orden
|
||||
\fIALL EXCEPT\fR
|
||||
följt av en lista med användarnamn separerade med ","
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
från\-id är formaterad på samma sätt som till\-id förutom att det extra ordet
|
||||
\fIGROUP\fR
|
||||
känns igen.
|
||||
\fIALL EXCEPT GROUP\fR
|
||||
är helt giltigt också. Efterföljande till
|
||||
\fIGROUP\fR
|
||||
kan vara ett eller flera gruppnamn, separerade med ",". Det är inte tillräckligt att ha primärt grupp\-id för den relevanta gruppen, en post i
|
||||
\fB/etc/group\fR(5)
|
||||
är nödvändigt.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Åtgärden kan endast vara en av följande för närvarande stödda flaggor.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fIDENY\fR
|
||||
Försöket att använda su stoppades före ett lösenord har efterfrågats.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fINOPASS\fR
|
||||
Försöket att använda su lyckades helt automatiskt; inget lösenord har efterfrågats.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fIOWNPASS\fR
|
||||
För att su\-kommandot ska lyckas måste användaren mata in sitt egna lösenord. De blir frågade att göra detta.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Note there are three separate fields delimited by a colon. No whitespace must surround this colon. Also note that the file is examined sequentially line by line, and the first applicable rule is used without examining the file further. This makes it possible for a system administrator to exercise as fine control as he or she wishes.
|
||||
.SH "EXEMPEL"
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
.RS 3n
|
||||
.nf
|
||||
# exempelfil för /etc/suauth
|
||||
#
|
||||
# Ett par priviligerade användarnamn som
|
||||
# kan su till root med sina egna lösenord.
|
||||
#
|
||||
root:bosse,birddog:OWNPASS
|
||||
#
|
||||
# Alla andra kan inte su till root om de inte finns
|
||||
# gruppen wheel. Det är så BSD gör saker.
|
||||
#
|
||||
root:ALL EXCEPT GROUP wheel:DENY
|
||||
#
|
||||
# Kanske terry och birddog är konton som
|
||||
# ägs av samma person.
|
||||
# Tillgång kan ges mellan dem utan
|
||||
# lösenord.
|
||||
#
|
||||
terry:birddog:NOPASS
|
||||
birddog:terry:NOPASS
|
||||
#
|
||||
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.RE
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
.SH "FILER"
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/suauth\fR
|
||||
.SH "FEL"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
There could be plenty lurking. The file parser is particularly unforgiving about syntax errors, expecting no spurious whitespace (apart from beginning and end of lines), and a specific token delimiting different things.
|
||||
.SH "DIAGNOSTIK"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
An error parsing the file is reported using
|
||||
\fBsyslogd\fR(8)
|
||||
as level ERR on facility AUTH.
|
||||
.SH "SE OCKSÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fBsu\fR(1).
|
||||
235
man/sv/useradd.8
235
man/sv/useradd.8
@@ -1,235 +0,0 @@
|
||||
.\" Title: useradd
|
||||
.\" Author:
|
||||
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.70.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
|
||||
.\" Date: 20.07.2006
|
||||
.\" Manual: Systemhanteringskommandon
|
||||
.\" Source: Systemhanteringskommandon
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.TH "USERADD" "8" "20\-07\-2006" "Systemhanteringskommandon" "Systemhanteringskommandon"
|
||||
.\" disable hyphenation
|
||||
.nh
|
||||
.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
|
||||
.ad l
|
||||
.SH "NAMN"
|
||||
useradd \- skapa en ny användare eller uppdatera standardinformation för nya anvÃ\(Csndare
|
||||
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
|
||||
.HP 8
|
||||
\fBuseradd\fR [\fIflaggor\fR] \fIINLOGGNINGSNAMN\fR
|
||||
.HP 8
|
||||
\fBuseradd\fR \-D
|
||||
.HP 8
|
||||
\fBuseradd\fR \-D [\fIflaggor\fR]
|
||||
.SH "BESKRIVNING"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
When invoked without the
|
||||
\fB\-D\fR
|
||||
option, the
|
||||
\fBuseradd\fR
|
||||
command creates a new user account using the values specified on the command line and the default values from the system. Depending on command line options, the useradd command will update system files and may also create the new user's home directory and copy initial files.
|
||||
.SH "FLAGGOR"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Flaggorna som gäller för kommandot
|
||||
\fBuseradd\fR
|
||||
är:
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-comment\fR\fIKOMMENTAR\fR
|
||||
Any text string. It is generally a short description of the login, and is currently used as the field for the user's full name.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-base\-dir\fR \fIBASE_DIR\fR
|
||||
The default base directory for the system if
|
||||
\fB\-d\fR
|
||||
dir is not specified.
|
||||
\fIBASE_DIR\fR
|
||||
is concatenated with the account name to define the home directory. If the
|
||||
\fB\-m\fR
|
||||
option is not used,
|
||||
\fIBASE_DIR\fR
|
||||
must exist.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-home\fR\fIHEM_KAT\fR
|
||||
The new user will be created using
|
||||
\fIHOME_DIR\fR
|
||||
as the value for the user's login directory. The default is to append the
|
||||
\fILOGIN\fR
|
||||
name to
|
||||
\fIBASE_DIR\fR
|
||||
and use that as the login directory name. The directory
|
||||
\fIHOME_DIR\fR
|
||||
does not have to exist but will not be created if it is missing.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-e\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR\fIUTGÅNGSDATUM\fR
|
||||
The date on which the user account will be disabled. The date is specified in the format
|
||||
\fIYYYY\-MM\-DD\fR.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\fIINAKTIV\fR
|
||||
The number of days after a password expires until the account is permanently disabled. A value of 0 disables the account as soon as the password has expired, and a value of \-1 disables the feature. The default value is \-1.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\fIGRUPP\fR
|
||||
The group name or number of the user's initial login group. The group name must exist. A group number must refer to an already existing group. The default group number is 1 or whatever is specified in
|
||||
\fI/etc/default/useradd\fR.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-G\fR, \fB\-\-groups\fR\fIGRUPP1\fR[\fI,GRUPP2,...\fR[\fI,GRUPPN\fR]]]
|
||||
A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member of. Each group is separated from the next by a comma, with no intervening whitespace. The groups are subject to the same restrictions as the group given with the
|
||||
\fB\-g\fR
|
||||
option. The default is for the user to belong only to the initial group.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR
|
||||
Visa hjälpmeddelande och avsluta.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-m\fR, \fB\-\-create\-home\fR
|
||||
The user's home directory will be created if it does not exist. The files contained in
|
||||
\fISKEL_DIR\fR
|
||||
will be copied to the home directory if the
|
||||
\fB\-k\fR
|
||||
option is used, otherwise the files contained in
|
||||
\fI/etc/skel\fR
|
||||
will be used instead. Any directories contained in
|
||||
\fISKEL_DIR\fR
|
||||
or
|
||||
\fI/etc/skel\fR
|
||||
will be created in the user's home directory as well. The
|
||||
\fB\-k\fR
|
||||
option is only valid in conjunction with the
|
||||
\fB\-m\fR
|
||||
option. The default is to not create the directory and to not copy any files.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-K\fR, \fB\-\-key\fR\fINYCKEL\fR=\fIVÄRDE\fR
|
||||
Åsidosätter standardvärden för /etc/login.defs (UID_MIN, UID_MAX, UMASK, PASS_MAX_DAYS och others).
|
||||
|
||||
Exempel:
|
||||
\fB\-K \fR\fILÖSEN_MAX_DAGAR\fR=\fI\-1\fR
|
||||
kan användas när systemkonton skapas för att stänga av lösenordsåldring, även om systemkontot inte har något lösenord alls. Flera av flaggan
|
||||
\fB\-K\fR
|
||||
kan anges, t.ex.:
|
||||
\fB\-K \fR\fIUID_MIN\fR=\fI100\fR\fB \-K \fR\fIUID_MAX\fR=\fI499\fR
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
Notera:
|
||||
\fB\-K \fR\fIUID_MIN\fR=\fI10\fR,\fIUID_MAX\fR=\fI499\fR
|
||||
fungerar ännu inte.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-o\fR, \fB\-\-non\-unique\fR
|
||||
Allow the creation of a user account with a duplicate (non\-unique) UID.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\fILÖSENORD\fR
|
||||
The encrypted password, as returned by
|
||||
\fBcrypt\fR(3). The default is to disable the account.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-shell\fR\fISKAL\fR
|
||||
The name of the user's login shell. The default is to leave this field blank, which causes the system to select the default login shell.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-u\fR, \fB\-\-uid\fR\fIUID\fR
|
||||
The numerical value of the user's ID. This value must be unique, unless the
|
||||
\fB\-o\fR
|
||||
option is used. The value must be non\-negative. The default is to use the smallest ID value greater than 999 and greater than every other user. Values between 0 and 999 are typically reserved for system accounts.
|
||||
.SS "Ändrar standardvärden"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
When invoked with the
|
||||
\fB\-D\fR
|
||||
option,
|
||||
\fBuseradd\fR
|
||||
will either display the current default values, or update the default values from the command line. The valid options are
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-base\-dir\fR \fIBASE_DIR\fR
|
||||
The initial path prefix for a new user's home directory. The user's name will be affixed to the end of
|
||||
\fIHOME_DIR\fR
|
||||
to create the new directory name if the
|
||||
\fB\-d\fR
|
||||
option is not used when creating a new account.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-e\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR\fIUTGÅNGSDATUM\fR
|
||||
Datumet när användarkontot blir inaktiverat.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\fIINAKTIV\fR
|
||||
Antalet dagar efter att ett lösenord har gått ut innan kontot kommer att inaktiveras.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\fIGRUPP\fR
|
||||
The group name or ID for a new user's initial group. The named group must exist, and a numerical group ID must have an existing entry.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-shell\fR\fISKAL\fR
|
||||
Namnet på den nya användarens inloggningsskal. Det angivna programmet kommer att användas för alla nya framtida användarkonton.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Om inga flaggor anges kommer
|
||||
\fBuseradd\fR
|
||||
att visa aktuella standardvärden.
|
||||
.\" end of SS subsection "Ändrar standardvärden"
|
||||
.SH "NOTERINGAR"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Systemadministratören är ansvarig för att placera standardanvändarfiler i katalogen
|
||||
\fI/etc/skel/\fR.
|
||||
.SH "TÄNK PÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Du får inte lägga till en användare till en NIS\-grupp. Detta måste genomföras på NIS\-servern.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Similarly, if the username already exists in an external user database such as NIS,
|
||||
\fBuseradd\fR
|
||||
will deny the user account creation request.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Användarnamn måste börja med en gemen bokstav eller ett understreck och fÃ\(Yer endast innehålla gemener, understreck, minustecken och på slutet ett dollar\-tecken. I reguljära uttryckstermer: [a\-z_][a\-z0\-9_\-]*[$]
|
||||
.SH "FILER"
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/passwd\fR
|
||||
Användarkontoinformation.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/shadow\fR
|
||||
Säker användarkontoinformation.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/group\fR
|
||||
Gruppkontoinformation.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/default/useradd\fR
|
||||
Standardvärden för skapande av konto.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/skel/\fR
|
||||
Katalog som innehåller standardfiler.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/login.defs\fR
|
||||
Shadow password suite configuration.
|
||||
.SH "AVSLUTNINGSVÄRDEN"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Kommandot
|
||||
\fBuseradd\fR
|
||||
avslutas med följande värden:
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI0\fR
|
||||
lyckad
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI1\fR
|
||||
kan inte uppdatera lösenordsfilen
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI2\fR
|
||||
ogiltig kommandosyntax
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI3\fR
|
||||
ogiltigt argument till flagga
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI4\fR
|
||||
UID används redan (och inget
|
||||
\fB\-o\fR)
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI6\fR
|
||||
angiven grupp finns inte
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI9\fR
|
||||
användarnamnet används redan
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI10\fR
|
||||
kan inte uppdatera gruppfilen
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI12\fR
|
||||
kan inte skapa hemkatalog
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI13\fR
|
||||
kan inte skapa postkö
|
||||
.SH "SE OCKSÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fBchfn\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBchsh\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBpasswd\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBcrypt\fR(3),
|
||||
\fBgroupadd\fR(8),
|
||||
\fBgroupdel\fR(8),
|
||||
\fBgroupmod\fR(8),
|
||||
\fBlogin.defs\fR(5),
|
||||
\fBnewusers\fR(8),
|
||||
\fBuserdel\fR(8),
|
||||
\fBusermod\fR(8).
|
||||
125
man/sv/userdel.8
125
man/sv/userdel.8
@@ -1,125 +0,0 @@
|
||||
.\" Title: userdel
|
||||
.\" Author:
|
||||
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.70.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
|
||||
.\" Date: 20.07.2006
|
||||
.\" Manual: Systemhanteringskommandon
|
||||
.\" Source: Systemhanteringskommandon
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.TH "USERDEL" "8" "20\-07\-2006" "Systemhanteringskommandon" "Systemhanteringskommandon"
|
||||
.\" disable hyphenation
|
||||
.nh
|
||||
.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
|
||||
.ad l
|
||||
.SH "NAMN"
|
||||
userdel \- ta bort ett användarkonto och relaterade filer
|
||||
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
|
||||
.HP 8
|
||||
\fBuserdel\fR [flaggor] \fIINLOGGNINGSNAMN\fR
|
||||
.SH "BESKRIVNING"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Kommandot
|
||||
\fBuserdel\fR
|
||||
ändrar i systemkontofilerna, tar bort alla poster som refererar till
|
||||
\fIlogin_name\fR. Den angivna användaren måste finnas.
|
||||
.SH "FLAGGOR"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Flaggorna som gäller för kommandot
|
||||
\fBuserdel\fR
|
||||
är:
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-force\fR
|
||||
This option forces the removal of the user, even if she is still logged in. It also forces
|
||||
\fBuserdel\fR
|
||||
to remove the user's home directory or her mail spool, even if another user uses the same home directory or if the mail spool is not owned by the specified user. If
|
||||
\fIUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR
|
||||
is defined to
|
||||
\fIyes\fR
|
||||
in
|
||||
\fI/etc/login.defs\fR
|
||||
and if a group exists with the same name as the deleted user, then this group will be removed, even if it is still the primary group of another user.
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
\fINotera:\fR
|
||||
Denna flagga är farlig och kan göra att ditt system försätts i ett inkonsistent tillstånd.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR
|
||||
Visa hjälpmeddelande och avsluta.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-remove\fR
|
||||
Files in the user's home directory will be removed along with the home directory itself and the user's mail spool. Files located in other file systems will have to be searched for and deleted manually.
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
The mail spool is defined by the
|
||||
\fIMAIL_DIR\fR
|
||||
variable in the
|
||||
\fIlogin.defs\fR
|
||||
file.
|
||||
.SH "FILER"
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/group\fR
|
||||
Gruppkontoinformation.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/login.defs\fR
|
||||
Shadow password suite configuration.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/passwd\fR
|
||||
Användarkontoinformation.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/shadow\fR
|
||||
Säker användarkontoinformation.
|
||||
.SH "AVSLUTNINGSVÄRDEN"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Kommandot
|
||||
\fBuserdel\fR
|
||||
avslutas med följande värden:
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI0\fR
|
||||
lyckad
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI1\fR
|
||||
kan inte uppdatera lösenordsfilen
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI2\fR
|
||||
ogiltig kommandosyntax
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI6\fR
|
||||
angiven användare finns inte
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI8\fR
|
||||
användaren är för närvarande inloggad
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI10\fR
|
||||
kan inte uppdatera gruppfilen
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI12\fR
|
||||
kan inte ta bort hemkatalogen
|
||||
.SH "TÄNK PÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
|
||||
\fBuserdel\fR
|
||||
will not allow you to remove an account if the user is currently logged in. You must kill any running processes which belong to an account that you are deleting.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Du får inte ta bort några NIS\-attribut på en NIS\-klient. Detta måste genomföras på NIS\-servern.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
If
|
||||
\fIUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR
|
||||
is defined to
|
||||
\fIyes\fR
|
||||
in
|
||||
\fI/etc/login.defs\fR,
|
||||
\fBuserdel\fR
|
||||
will delete the group with the same name as the user. To avoid inconsistencies in the passwd and group databases,
|
||||
\fBuserdel\fR
|
||||
will check that this group is not used as a primary group for another user, and will just warn without deleting the user otherwise. The
|
||||
\fB\-f\fR
|
||||
option can force the deletion of this group.
|
||||
.SH "SE OCKSÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fBchfn\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBchsh\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBpasswd\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBlogin.defs\fR(5),
|
||||
\fBgpasswd\fR(8),
|
||||
\fBgroupadd\fR(8),
|
||||
\fBgroupdel\fR(8),
|
||||
\fBgroupmod\fR(8),
|
||||
\fBuseradd\fR(8),
|
||||
\fBusermod\fR(8).
|
||||
124
man/sv/usermod.8
124
man/sv/usermod.8
@@ -1,124 +0,0 @@
|
||||
.\" Title: usermod
|
||||
.\" Author:
|
||||
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.70.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
|
||||
.\" Date: 20.07.2006
|
||||
.\" Manual: Systemhanteringskommandon
|
||||
.\" Source: Systemhanteringskommandon
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.TH "USERMOD" "8" "20\-07\-2006" "Systemhanteringskommandon" "Systemhanteringskommandon"
|
||||
.\" disable hyphenation
|
||||
.nh
|
||||
.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
|
||||
.ad l
|
||||
.SH "NAMN"
|
||||
usermod \- ändra ett användarkonto
|
||||
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
|
||||
.HP 8
|
||||
\fBusermod\fR [\fIflaggor\fR] \fIINLOGGNINGSNAMN\fR
|
||||
.SH "BESKRIVNING"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Kommandot
|
||||
\fBusermod\fR
|
||||
ändrar systemkontofiler enligt det som anges på kommandoraden.
|
||||
.SH "FLAGGOR"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Flaggorna som gäller för kommandot
|
||||
\fBusermod\fR
|
||||
är:
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-append\fR
|
||||
Lägg till användaren till tilläggsgrupp(er). Använd endast med flaggan
|
||||
\fB\-G\fR.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-comment\fR\fIKOMMENTAR\fR
|
||||
Det nya värdet för användarens kommentarsfält i lösenordsfilen. Vanligtvis ändras det med verktyget
|
||||
\fBchfn\fR(1).
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-home\fR\fIHEM_KAT\fR
|
||||
The user's new login directory. If the
|
||||
\fB\-m\fR
|
||||
option is given the contents of the current home directory will be moved to the new home directory, which is created if it does not already exist.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-e\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR\fIUTGÅNGSDATUM\fR
|
||||
The date on which the user account will be disabled. The date is specified in the format
|
||||
\fIYYYY\-MM\-DD\fR.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\fIINAKTIV\fR
|
||||
The number of days after a password expires until the account is permanently disabled. A value of 0 disables the account as soon as the password has expired, and a value of \-1 disables the feature. The default value is \-1.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\fIGRUPP\fR
|
||||
The group name or number of the user's new initial login group. The group name must exist. A group number must refer to an already existing group. The default group number is 1.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-G\fR, \fB\-\-groups\fR\fIGRUPP1\fR[\fI,GRUPP2,...\fR[\fI,GRUPPN\fR]]]
|
||||
A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member of. Each group is separated from the next by a comma, with no intervening whitespace. The groups are subject to the same restrictions as the group given with the
|
||||
\fB\-g\fR
|
||||
option. If the user is currently a member of a group which is not listed, the user will be removed from the group. This behaviour can be changed via
|
||||
\fB\-a\fR
|
||||
option, which appends user to the current supplementary group list.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-l\fR, \fB\-\-login\fR\fINYTT_INLOGGNINGSNAMN\fR
|
||||
The name of the user will be changed from
|
||||
\fILOGIN\fR
|
||||
to
|
||||
\fINEW_LOGIN\fR. Nothing else is changed. In particular, the user's home directory name should probably be changed to reflect the new login name.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-L\fR, \fB\-\-lock\fR
|
||||
Lås en användares lösenord. Detta sätter ett "!" i början av det krypterade lösenordet som effektivt inaktiverar lösenordet. Du kan inte använda denna flagga med
|
||||
\fB\-p\fR
|
||||
eller
|
||||
\fB\-U\fR.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-o\fR, \fB\-\-non\-unique\fR
|
||||
When used with the
|
||||
\fB\-u\fR
|
||||
option, this option allows to change the user ID to a non\-unique value.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\fILÖSENORD\fR
|
||||
Det krypterade lösenordet, som returneras av
|
||||
\fBcrypt\fR(3).
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-shell\fR\fISKAL\fR
|
||||
The name of the user's new login shell. Setting this field to blank causes the system to select the default login shell.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-u\fR, \fB\-\-uid\fR\fIUID\fR
|
||||
The numerical value of the user's ID. This value must be unique, unless the
|
||||
\fB\-o\fR
|
||||
option is used. The value must be non\-negative. Values between 0 and 999 are typically reserved for system accounts. Any files which the user owns and which are located in the directory tree rooted at the user's home directory will have the file user ID changed automatically. Files outside of the user's home directory must be altered manually.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-U\fR, \fB\-\-unlock\fR
|
||||
Låser upp en användares lösenord. Detta tar bort det inledande "!" i det krypterade lösenordet. Du kan inte använda denna flagga med
|
||||
\fB\-p\fR
|
||||
eller
|
||||
\fB\-L\fR.
|
||||
.SH "TÄNK PÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
|
||||
\fBusermod\fR
|
||||
will not allow you to change the name of a user who is logged in. You must make certain that the named user is not executing any processes when this command is being executed if the user's numerical user ID is being changed. You must change the owner of any
|
||||
\fBcrontab\fR
|
||||
files manually. You must change the owner of any
|
||||
\fBat\fR
|
||||
jobs manually. You must make any changes involving NIS on the NIS server.
|
||||
.SH "FILER"
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/group\fR
|
||||
Gruppkontoinformation.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/passwd\fR
|
||||
Användarkontoinformation.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/shadow\fR
|
||||
Säker användarkontoinformation.
|
||||
.SH "SE OCKSÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fBchfn\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBchsh\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBpasswd\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBcrypt\fR(3),
|
||||
\fBgpasswd\fR(8),
|
||||
\fBgroupadd\fR(8),
|
||||
\fBgroupdel\fR(8),
|
||||
\fBgroupmod\fR(8),
|
||||
\fBlogin.defs\fR(5),
|
||||
\fBuseradd\fR(8),
|
||||
\fBuserdel\fR(8).
|
||||
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
|
||||
.so man8/vipw.8
|
||||
@@ -1,77 +0,0 @@
|
||||
.\" Title: vipw
|
||||
.\" Author:
|
||||
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.70.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
|
||||
.\" Date: 20.07.2006
|
||||
.\" Manual: Systemhanteringskommandon
|
||||
.\" Source: Systemhanteringskommandon
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.TH "VIPW" "8" "20\-07\-2006" "Systemhanteringskommandon" "Systemhanteringskommandon"
|
||||
.\" disable hyphenation
|
||||
.nh
|
||||
.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
|
||||
.ad l
|
||||
.SH "NAMN"
|
||||
vipw, vigr \- redigera lösenordet, grupp, skugglösenord eller skuggruppfil
|
||||
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
|
||||
.HP 5
|
||||
\fBvipw\fR [\fIflaggor\fR]
|
||||
.HP 5
|
||||
\fBvigr\fR [\fIflaggor\fR]
|
||||
.SH "BESKRIVNING"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fBvipw\fR
|
||||
and
|
||||
\fBvigr\fR
|
||||
redigerar filerna
|
||||
\fI/etc/passwd\fR
|
||||
och
|
||||
\fI/etc/group\fR, respektive. Med flaggan
|
||||
\fB\-s\fR, kommer de att redigera skuggversionerna av dessa filer,
|
||||
\fI/etc/shadow\fR
|
||||
och
|
||||
\fI/etc/gshadow\fR, respektive. Programmen kommer att ställa in de lämpliga lås som behövs för att förhindra att filerna skadas. NÃ\(Csr de letar efter en redigerare kommer programmen att första försöka med miljövariabeln
|
||||
\fB$VISUAL\fR, sedan miljövariabeln
|
||||
\fB$EDITOR\fR
|
||||
och till sist standardredigeraren,
|
||||
\fBvi\fR(1).
|
||||
.SH "FLAGGOR"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Flaggorna som gäller för kommandona
|
||||
\fBvipw\fR
|
||||
och
|
||||
\fBvigr\fR
|
||||
är:
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-group\fR
|
||||
Redigera gruppdatabasen.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR
|
||||
Visa hjälpmeddelande och avsluta.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-passwd\fR
|
||||
Redigera lösenordsdatabasen.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-q\fR, \fB\-\-quiet\fR
|
||||
Tyst läge.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-shadow\fR
|
||||
Redigera shadow\- eller gshadow\-databasen.
|
||||
.SH "FILER"
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/group\fR
|
||||
Gruppkontoinformation.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/gshadow\fR
|
||||
Säker gruppkontoinformation.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/passwd\fR
|
||||
Användarkontoinformation.
|
||||
.TP 3n
|
||||
\fI/etc/shadow\fR
|
||||
Säker användarkontoinformation.
|
||||
.SH "SE OCKSÅ"
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
\fBvi\fR(1),
|
||||
\fBgroup\fR(5),
|
||||
\fBgshadow\fR(5)\fBpasswd\fR(5),
|
||||
\fBshadow\fR(5).
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user