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[svn-upgrade] Integrating new upstream version, shadow (4.0.14)

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This commit is contained in:
nekral-guest
2007-10-07 11:47:11 +00:00
parent 8451bed8b0
commit 24178ad677
502 changed files with 27080 additions and 14708 deletions
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8
man/ko/Makefile.am
View File

@@ -6,7 +6,11 @@ man_MANS = \
chsh.1 \
groups.1 \
login.1 \
newgrp.1 \
passwd.5
passwd.5 \
su.1 \
vigr.8 \
vipw.8
# newgrp.1 must be updated
# newgrp.1
EXTRA_DIST = $(man_MANS)

74
man/ko/Makefile.in
View File

@@ -48,8 +48,10 @@ CONFIG_CLEAN_FILES =
SOURCES =
DIST_SOURCES =
man1dir = $(mandir)/man1
am__installdirs = "$(DESTDIR)$(man1dir)" "$(DESTDIR)$(man5dir)"
am__installdirs = "$(DESTDIR)$(man1dir)" "$(DESTDIR)$(man5dir)" \
"$(DESTDIR)$(man8dir)"
man5dir = $(mandir)/man5
man8dir = $(mandir)/man8
NROFF = nroff
MANS = $(man_MANS)
DISTFILES = $(DIST_COMMON) $(DIST_SOURCES) $(TEXINFOS) $(EXTRA_DIST)
@@ -184,9 +186,13 @@ man_MANS = \
chsh.1 \
groups.1 \
login.1 \
newgrp.1 \
passwd.5
passwd.5 \
su.1 \
vigr.8 \
vipw.8
# newgrp.1 must be updated
# newgrp.1
EXTRA_DIST = $(man_MANS)
all: all-am
@@ -320,6 +326,51 @@ uninstall-man5:
echo " rm -f '$(DESTDIR)$(man5dir)/$$inst'"; \
rm -f "$(DESTDIR)$(man5dir)/$$inst"; \
done
install-man8: $(man8_MANS) $(man_MANS)
@$(NORMAL_INSTALL)
test -z "$(man8dir)" || $(mkdir_p) "$(DESTDIR)$(man8dir)"
@list='$(man8_MANS) $(dist_man8_MANS) $(nodist_man8_MANS)'; \
l2='$(man_MANS) $(dist_man_MANS) $(nodist_man_MANS)'; \
for i in $$l2; do \
case "$$i" in \
*.8*) list="$$list $$i" ;; \
esac; \
done; \
for i in $$list; do \
if test -f $(srcdir)/$$i; then file=$(srcdir)/$$i; \
else file=$$i; fi; \
ext=`echo $$i | sed -e 's/^.*\\.//'`; \
case "$$ext" in \
8*) ;; \
*) ext='8' ;; \
esac; \
inst=`echo $$i | sed -e 's/\\.[0-9a-z]*$$//'`; \
inst=`echo $$inst | sed -e 's/^.*\///'`; \
inst=`echo $$inst | sed '$(transform)'`.$$ext; \
echo " $(INSTALL_DATA) '$$file' '$(DESTDIR)$(man8dir)/$$inst'"; \
$(INSTALL_DATA) "$$file" "$(DESTDIR)$(man8dir)/$$inst"; \
done
uninstall-man8:
@$(NORMAL_UNINSTALL)
@list='$(man8_MANS) $(dist_man8_MANS) $(nodist_man8_MANS)'; \
l2='$(man_MANS) $(dist_man_MANS) $(nodist_man_MANS)'; \
for i in $$l2; do \
case "$$i" in \
*.8*) list="$$list $$i" ;; \
esac; \
done; \
for i in $$list; do \
ext=`echo $$i | sed -e 's/^.*\\.//'`; \
case "$$ext" in \
8*) ;; \
*) ext='8' ;; \
esac; \
inst=`echo $$i | sed -e 's/\\.[0-9a-z]*$$//'`; \
inst=`echo $$inst | sed -e 's/^.*\///'`; \
inst=`echo $$inst | sed '$(transform)'`.$$ext; \
echo " rm -f '$(DESTDIR)$(man8dir)/$$inst'"; \
rm -f "$(DESTDIR)$(man8dir)/$$inst"; \
done
tags: TAGS
TAGS:
@@ -358,7 +409,7 @@ check-am: all-am
check: check-am
all-am: Makefile $(MANS)
installdirs:
for dir in "$(DESTDIR)$(man1dir)" "$(DESTDIR)$(man5dir)"; do \
for dir in "$(DESTDIR)$(man1dir)" "$(DESTDIR)$(man5dir)" "$(DESTDIR)$(man8dir)"; do \
test -z "$$dir" || $(mkdir_p) "$$dir"; \
done
install: install-am
@@ -409,7 +460,7 @@ install-exec-am:
install-info: install-info-am
install-man: install-man1 install-man5
install-man: install-man1 install-man5 install-man8
installcheck-am:
@@ -431,18 +482,19 @@ ps-am:
uninstall-am: uninstall-info-am uninstall-man
uninstall-man: uninstall-man1 uninstall-man5
uninstall-man: uninstall-man1 uninstall-man5 uninstall-man8
.PHONY: all all-am check check-am clean clean-generic clean-libtool \
distclean distclean-generic distclean-libtool distdir dvi \
dvi-am html html-am info info-am install install-am \
install-data install-data-am install-exec install-exec-am \
install-info install-info-am install-man install-man1 \
install-man5 install-strip installcheck installcheck-am \
installdirs maintainer-clean maintainer-clean-generic \
mostlyclean mostlyclean-generic mostlyclean-libtool pdf pdf-am \
ps ps-am uninstall uninstall-am uninstall-info-am \
uninstall-man uninstall-man1 uninstall-man5
install-man5 install-man8 install-strip installcheck \
installcheck-am installdirs maintainer-clean \
maintainer-clean-generic mostlyclean mostlyclean-generic \
mostlyclean-libtool pdf pdf-am ps ps-am uninstall uninstall-am \
uninstall-info-am uninstall-man uninstall-man1 uninstall-man5 \
uninstall-man8
# Tell versions [3.59,3.63) of GNU make to not export all variables.
# Otherwise a system limit (for SysV at least) may be exceeded.

36
man/ko/chfn.1
View File

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
.\" $Id: chfn.1,v 1.2 2005/04/05 19:08:56 kloczek Exp $
.\" $Id: chfn.1,v 1.3 2005/12/01 20:38:27 kloczek Exp $
.\" (c) 1994 by salvatore valente <svalente@athena.mit.edu>
.\"
.\" this program is free software. you can redistribute it and
@@ -6,47 +6,47 @@
.\" there is no warranty.
.TH CHFN 1 "October 13 1994" "chfn" "Linux Reference Manual"
.SH NAME
chfn \- <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> finger <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ٲ۴<D9B2>.
chfn \- 사용자 finger 정보를 바꾼다.
.SH SYNOPSIS
\fBchfn\fR [\fB\-f\fR \fIfull\-name\fR] [\fB\-o\fR \fIoffice\fR] [\fB\-p\fR \fIoffice\-phone\fR]
[\ \-h\ home\-phone\ ] [\ \-u\ ] [\ \-v\ ] [\ username\ ]
.SH DESCRIPTION
.B chfn
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> finger <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ٲ۴<D9B2>. <20>̰<EFBFBD><CCB0><EFBFBD>
명령은 사용자의 finger 정보를 바꾼다. 이것은
.I /etc/passwd
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ٲ۴<D9B2>.
파일의 정보를 바꾼다.
.B finger
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20>ٷ<EFBFBD> <20><> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϱ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>̴<EFBFBD>.
명령이 사용될 때 바로 이 파일을 참조하기 때문이다.
.B finger
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
명령은
.B chfn
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ɿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ٲ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD≯<EFBFBD>, <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>, <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȭ, <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȭ<EFBFBD><C8AD>ȣ<EFBFBD><C8A3> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ش<EFBFBD>.
명령에서 바뀐 실재이름, 직장, 직장전화, 집전화번호를 보여준다.
.SS COMMAND LINE
<EFBFBD>ƹ<EFBFBD> <20>ɼ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϸ<EFBFBD>, <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڿ<EFBFBD><DABF><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ٲ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>, <20><> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>࿡<EFBFBD><E0BFA1> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>Է<EFBFBD><D4B7><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ִ<EFBFBD>.
아무 옵션 없이 이 명령을 사용하면, 직접 사용자에게 각각의 바꿀 정보를
물어보지만, 이 정보들을 명령행에서 직접 입력할 수도 있다.
.SS INTERACTIVE MODE
<EFBFBD>ƹ<EFBFBD> <20>ɼ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϸ<EFBFBD>, <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڿ<EFBFBD><DABF><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ٲ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>. <20>̶<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ְ<EFBFBD>, <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ٲ<EFBFBD><D9B2><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>,
<EFBFBD>׳<EFBFBD> Enter <EFBFBD>ۼ踦 <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ȴ<EFBFBD>.
아무 옵션 없이 이 명령을 사용하면, 직접 사용자에게 각각의 바꿀 정보를
물어본다. 이때 정당한 값을 지정해 주고, 원래의 값을 바꾸지 않으려면,
그냥 Enter 글쇠를 누르면 된다.
.SH OPTIONS
.TP
.I "\-f, \-\-full\-name"
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20≯<EFBFBD>
사용자 실재 이름
.TP
.I "\-o, \-\-office"
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
사용자 직장
.TP
.I "\-p, \-\-office\-phone"
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><>ȭ<EFBFBD><C8AD>ȣ
사용자 직장 전화번호
.TP
.I "\-h, \-\-home\-phone"
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20><>ȭ <20><>ȣ
사용자 집 전화 번호
.TP
.I "\-u, \-\-help"
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ְ<EFBFBD> <20><>ģ<EFBFBD><C4A3>.
도움말을 보여주고 마친다.
.TP
.I "\-v, \-\-version"
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ְ<EFBFBD> <20><>ģ<EFBFBD><C4A3>.
버전 정보를 보여주고 마친다.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR finger (1),
.BR passwd (5)

24
man/ko/chsh.1
View File

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
.\" $Id: chsh.1,v 1.2 2005/04/05 19:08:56 kloczek Exp $
.\" $Id: chsh.1,v 1.3 2005/12/01 20:38:27 kloczek Exp $
.\" (c) 1994 by salvatore valente <svalente@athena.mit.edu>
.\"
.\" this program is free software. you can redistribute it and
@@ -6,35 +6,35 @@
.\" there is no warranty.
.TH CHSH 1 "October 13 1994" "chsh" "Linux Reference Manual"
.SH NAME
chsh \- <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>α<EFBFBD><CEB1><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ٲ۴<D9B2>.
chsh \- 사용자 로그인 쉘을 바꾼다.
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B chsh
[\ \-s\ shell\ ] [\ \-l\ ] [\ \-u\ ] [\ \-v\ ] [\ username\ ]
.SH DESCRIPTION
.B chsh
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڰ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϰ<EFBFBD> <20>ִ<EFBFBD> <20>α<EFBFBD><CEB1><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ٲٴµ<D9B4>, <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȴ<EFBFBD>.
(<EFBFBD≯<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> exit <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20>α׾ƿ<D7BE><C6BF>Ǵ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>Ѵ<EFBFBD>.)
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>࿡<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>, <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڿ<EFBFBD><DABF><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EEBABB>.
명령은 사용자가 사용하고 있는 로그인 쉘을 바꾸는데, 사용된다.
(이말은 exit 명령을 사용했을 때 로그아웃되는 쉘을 말한다.)
명령행에서 쉘을 지정하지 않으면, 사용자에게 물어본다.
.SS VALID SHELLS
.B chsh
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ɿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>θ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϴ<EFBFBD> <20><EFBFBD><EEB6B0> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϵ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϴ<EFBFBD>.
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>,
명령에서는 절대 경로를 지정하는 어떠한 실행파일도 지정이 가능하다.
하지만,
.I /etc/shells
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ͽ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ǿ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ʴ<EFBFBD> Ǯ<>׸<EFBFBD><D7B8><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>쿡<EFBFBD><ECBFA1> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>޽<EFBFBD><DEBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ش<EFBFBD>.
파일에서 지정되어 있지 않는 풀그림을 사용할 경우에는 경고 메시지를 보여준다.
.SH OPTIONS
.TP
.I "\-s, \-\-shell"
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϴ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>α<EFBFBD><CEB1><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ٲ۴<D9B2>.
지정하는 쉘을 앞으로 사용할 로그인 쉘로 바꾼다.
.TP
.I "\-l, \-\-list\-shells"
.I /etc/shells
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ȿ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϰ<EFBFBD> <20><>ģ<EFBFBD><C4A3>.
파일 안에 지정된 쉘을 나열하고 마친다.
.TP
.I "\-u, \-\-help"
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ְ<EFBFBD> <20><>ģ<EFBFBD><C4A3>.
도움말을 보여주고 마친다.
.TP
.I "\-v, \-\-version"
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ְ<EFBFBD> <20><>ģ<EFBFBD><C4A3>.
버전 정보를 보여주고 마친다.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR login (1),
.BR passwd (5),

36
man/ko/groups.1
View File

@@ -1,32 +1,32 @@
.\"$Id: groups.1,v 1.2 2005/04/05 19:08:56 kloczek Exp $
.TH GROUPS 1L "GNU <EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><>ƿ<EFBFBD><C6BF>Ƽ" "FSF" \" \-*\- nroff \-*\-
.SH <EFBFBD≯<EFBFBD>
groups \- <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڰ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>׷<EFBFBD><D7B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ѵ<EFBFBD>
.SH <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
.\"$Id: groups.1,v 1.3 2005/12/01 20:38:27 kloczek Exp $
.TH GROUPS 1L "GNU 쉘 유틸리티" "FSF" \" \-*\- nroff \-*\-
.SH 이름
groups \- 사용자가 속한 그룹들을 출력한다
.SH 개요
.B groups
[<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڸ<EFBFBD>...]
[사용자명...]
.br
.B groups
{\-\-help,\-\-version}
.SH <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> GNU <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
.SH 설명
이 맨페이지는 GNU 버전의
.BR groups
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <EFBFBD>ٷ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>.
를 다룬다.
.B groups
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>־<EFBFBD><D6BE><EFBFBD> <20><>
는 주어진 각
.IR username
<EFBFBD>Ǵ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>μ<EFBFBD><CEBC><EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>߰<EFBFBD> <20>׷<EFBFBD><D7B7><EFBFBD> <20≯<EFBFBD><CCB8><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ش<EFBFBD>.
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڸ<EFBFBD><DAB8><EFBFBD> <20>־<EFBFBD><D6BE><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ٸ<EFBFBD> <20><> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڸ<EFBFBD><DAB8><EFBFBD> <20>Ҽӵ<D2BC> <20>׷<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>տ<EFBFBD> ǥ<>õȴ<C3B5>.
또는 프로세스
가 속한 추가 그룹의 이름을 출력해준다.
만약 사용자명이 주어졌다면 각 사용자명이 소속된 그룹 목록 앞에 표시된다.
.PP
<EFBFBD>׷<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `id \-Gn'<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>.
.SS <EFBFBD>ɼ<EFBFBD>
그룹 목록은 `id \-Gn'의 결과와 같다.
.SS 옵션
GNU
.B groups
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20><> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>μ<EFBFBD><CEBC><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ǹ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ɼǵ<C9BC><C7B5><EFBFBD> <20>ν<EFBFBD><CEBD>Ѵ<EFBFBD>:
가 단 한 개의 인수를 가지고 실행되면 다음 옵션들을 인식한다:
.TP
.I "\-\-help"
ǥ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϰ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ѵ<EFBFBD>.
표준출력으로 사용법을 출력하고 정상적으로 종료한다.
.TP
.I "\-\-version"
ǥ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϰ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ѵ<EFBFBD>.
표준출력으로 버전정보를 출력하고 정상적으로 종료한다.

316
man/ko/login.1
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@@ -1,141 +1,141 @@
.\" Copyright 1993 Rickard E. Faith (faith@cs.unc.edu)
.\" May be distributed under the GNU General Public License
.TH LOGIN 1 "1 February 1993" "Linux 0.99" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH <EFBFBD≯<EFBFBD>
login \- <EFBFBD>ý<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
.SH <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
.BR "login [ " <EFBFBD≯<EFBFBD> " ]"
.SH 이름
login \- 시스템 접속
.SH 사용법
.BR "login [ " 이름 " ]"
.br
.B "login \-p"
.br
.BR "login \-h " ȣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ʈ<EFBFBD≯<EFBFBD>
.BR "login \-h " 호스트이름
.br
.BR "login \-f " <EFBFBD≯<EFBFBD>
.SH <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
.BR "login \-f " 이름
.SH 설명
.B login
Ǯ<EFBFBD>׸<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20>ý<EFBFBD><C3BD>ۿ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ó<EFBFBD><C3B3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ϴ<EFBFBD> Ǯ<>׸<EFBFBD><D7B8>̴<EFBFBD>.
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>߿<EFBFBD><DFBF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڿ<EFBFBD><DABF><EFBFBD> <20>ٸ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڷ<EFBFBD> <20>ٲٰ<D9B2><D9B0><EFBFBD> <20><> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20>ִ<EFBFBD>. (<28><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>, <20><><EFBFBD>κ<EFBFBD><CEBA><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20><> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD>̷<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϰ<EFBFBD> <20>ֱ⵵ <20>ϴ<EFBFBD>.)
풀그림은 한 시스템에 접속처리를 하는 풀그림이다.
또한 현재 접속 중에서도 한 사용자에서 다른 사용자로 바꾸고자 할 때도
사용될 수 있다. (한편, 대부분의 요즘 만들어진 쉘은 그 쉘 내부적으로
이러한 기능을 제공하고 있기도 하다.)
<EFBFBD>ƹ<EFBFBD> <20>ɼ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϸ<EFBFBD>,
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EEBAB8> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ʈ<EFBFBD><C6AE> <20><>Ÿ<EFBFBD><C5B8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>.
아무 옵션 없이 사용하면,
사용자 계정을 물어보는 프롬프트가 나타난다.
<EFBFBD>̶<EFBFBD> <20>ԷµǴ<C2B5> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> root<6F><74> <20>ƴϰ<C6B4>,
이때 입력되는 계정이 root가 아니고,
.I /etc/nologin
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20><><EFBFBD>Ͼȿ<CFBE> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> Ǯ<>׸<EFBFBD><D7B8><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȴ<EFBFBD>. <20>̰<EFBFBD><CCB0><EFBFBD> <20>ý<EFBFBD><C3BD><EFBFBD> <20>˻糪 <20><>Ÿ <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>Ϲ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>ϵ<EFBFBD><CFB5><EFBFBD> <20>Ҷ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȴ<EFBFBD>.
파일이 있으면 그 파일안에 내용이 보여지고
이 풀그림은 종료된다. 이것은 시스템 검사나 기타 사정상 일반 사용자
접속을 하지 못하도록 할때 사용된다.
.IR /etc/usertty
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ͽ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> Ư<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <EFBFBD>α<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <EFBFBD>źΰ<EFBFBD> <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ǿ<EFBFBD> <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <EFBFBD><EFBFBD>,
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڰ<EFBFBD> <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϰ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <EFBFBD>׿<EFBFBD> <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ó<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <EFBFBD>Ѵ<EFBFBD>.
<EFBFBD>̶<EFBFBD>, <20><><EFBFBD>ӰźεǸ<CEB5> <20>α<EFBFBD><CEB1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
파일에서 특정 사용자의 로그인 허용과 거부가 지정되어 있을 때,
만일 그 사용자가 접속하고자 할 때는 그에 따른 접속처리를 한다.
이때, 접속거부되면 로그인은 끝나고
.B syslog
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>۵<EFBFBD><DBB5>Ǿ<EFBFBD> <20><> <20><>Ȳ<EFBFBD><C8B2> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ѵ<EFBFBD>.
<EFBFBD>ڼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>̾߱<CCBE><DFB1><EFBFBD> <20>Ʒ<EFBFBD> "Ư<><C6AF> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ź<EFBFBD>" <20>κп<CEBA><D0BF><EFBFBD> <20>ٷ<EFBFBD><D9B7><EFBFBD>.
명령이 작동되어 그 상황을 기록한다.
자세한 이야기는 아래 "특별 접근 거부" 부분에서 다룬다.
.IR /etc/securetty
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ͽ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> root<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <EFBFBD>ִ<EFBFBD> <EFBFBD>͹̳<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ǿ<EFBFBD> <EFBFBD>ִ<EFBFBD>.
<EFBFBD>̶<EFBFBD> <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>а<EFBFBD> <EFBFBD>Ͼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
파일에서는 root로 접속할 수 있는 터미날들이 나열되어 있다.
이때 접속 실패가 일어나면
.B syslog
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>۵<EFBFBD><DBB5>Ǿ<EFBFBD> <20><> <20><>Ȳ<EFBFBD><C8B2> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ѵ<EFBFBD>.
명령이 작동되어 그 상황을 기록한다.
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> Ȯ<><C8AE> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>, <20><><EFBFBD>й<EFBFBD>ȣ<EFBFBD><C8A3> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EEBAB8> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ʈ<EFBFBD><C6AE>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ÿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>. (<28><> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>й<EFBFBD>ȣ<EFBFBD><C8A3> <20>ʿ<EFBFBD><CABF>ϸ<EFBFBD> <20><>Ÿ<EFBFBD><C5B8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>.)
<EFBFBD>̶<EFBFBD>, 10<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>й<EFBFBD>ȣ<EFBFBD><C8A3> Ʋ<><C6B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>Է<EFBFBD><D4B7>ϸ<EFBFBD> login<69><6E> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȴ<EFBFBD>.
<EFBFBD>׷<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>, ó<><C3B3> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ٷ<EFBFBD> <20>ٽ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EEBAB8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>, <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD> <20>ſ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD>ݺ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȴ<EFBFBD>. (<28>α<EFBFBD><CEB1><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>)
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>鵵
사용자 계정의 확인 절차가 끝나면, 비밀번호를 물어보는 프롬프트가
나타난다. (그 사용자의 계정에서 비밀번호가 필요하면 나타난다.)
이때, 10번동안 비밀번호를 틀리게 입력하면 login은 종료된다.
그런데, 처음 세번은 바로 다시 물어보지만, 다음부터는 매우 느리게
반복된다. (로그인 과정이)
물론 이 과정들도
.B syslog
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ɿ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20><>Ȳ<EFBFBD><C8B2> <20><><EFBFBD>ϵȴ<CFB5>.
명령에 의해 그 상황이 기록된다.
.I .hushlogin
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> $HOME <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ξȿ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>, <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ִ<EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD>޽<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>α<EFBFBD><CEB1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ð<EFBFBD><C3B0><EFBFBD> <20>˸<EFBFBD><CBB8><EFBFBD> <20>޽<EFBFBD><DEBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ʴ´<CAB4>.
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>,
파일 $HOME 경로안에 있으면, 새로 도착한 편지가 있을 때 보여주는
메시지와 마지막 로그인한 시간을 알리는 메시지를 보여주지 않는다.
이 파일이 없고,
.I /var/log/lastlog
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>, <20><> <20><><EFBFBD>Ͽ<EFBFBD><CFBF><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>α<EFBFBD><CEB1><EFBFBD> <20>ð<EFBFBD><C3B0><EFBFBD> <20>о<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ְ<EFBFBD>,
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>Ͽ<EFBFBD>, <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>α<EFBFBD><CEB1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ѵ<EFBFBD>.
파일이 있으면, 그 파일에서 마지막 로그인 시간을 읽어 보여주고,
그 파일에, 현재 로그인을 기록한다.
<EFBFBD>α<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>, <20><><EFBFBD>й<EFBFBD>ȣ Ȯ<><C8AE>ö<EFBFBD>ڰ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>,
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>͹̳<CDB9><CCB3><EFBFBD> UID, GID <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>۾<EFBFBD><DBBE><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ѵ<EFBFBD>. TERM ȯ<>溯<EFBFBD><E6BAAF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǰ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>, <20><> ȯ<>溯<EFBFBD><E6BAAF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϰ<EFBFBD>,
로그인 계정, 비밀번호 확인철자가 끝나면,
다음은 터미날의 UID, GID 설정같은 관리작업들을 무작위로
수행한다. TERM 환경변수가 사용되고 있으면, 이 환경변수를 지정하고,
(
.B \-p
<EFBFBD>ɼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ǹ<EFBFBD> <20>ٸ<EFBFBD> ȯ<>溯<EFBFBD><E6BAAF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȴ<EFBFBD>)
HOME, PATH, SHELL, TERM, MAIL, LOGNAME ȯ<EFBFBD>溯<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ѵ<EFBFBD>.
<EFBFBD>Ϲ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڶ<EFBFBD><DAB6><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>θ<EFBFBD> <20>ʱⰪ<CAB1><E2B0AA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>Ʒ<EFBFBD><C6B7><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϰ<EFBFBD>,
옵션이 사용되면 다른 환경변수가 지정된다)
HOME, PATH, SHELL, TERM, MAIL, LOGNAME 환경변수들을 지정한다.
일반 사용자라면 경로를 초기값으로 아래와 같이 지정하고,
.br
.I /usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:.
root<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ʱⰪ<CAB1><E2B0AA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>Ʒ<EFBFBD><C6B7><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ѵ<EFBFBD>.
root라면 초기값으로 아래와 같이 지정한다.
.br
.I /sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
.br
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> "<22><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>" <20>α<EFBFBD><CEB1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ƴ϶<C6B4><CFB6><EFBFBD>, <20>׳<EFBFBD><D7B3><EFBFBD> <20>޽<EFBFBD><DEBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϰ<EFBFBD>,
마지막으로 "조용한" 로그인이 아니라면, 그날의 메시지를 출력하고,
.I /usr/spool/mail
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ξȿ<EFBFBD> <20><> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20≯<EFBFBD><CCB8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> ũ<>Ⱑ 0<><30> <20>ƴ<EFBFBD><C6B4><EFBFBD> Ȯ<><C8AE><EFBFBD>ؼ<EFBFBD>
0<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ƴϸ<C6B4>, <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ִٰ<D6B4> <20>˷<EFBFBD><CBB7>ش<EFBFBD>.
경로안에 그 사용자 이름으로 된 파일의 크기가 0이 아닌지 확인해서
0이 아니면, 편지가 있다고 알려준다.
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϴµ<CFB4>,
다음 사용자 쉘을 지정하는데,
.BR /etc/passwd
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ͽ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ǿ<EFBFBD> <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>,
파일에서 그 사용자의 쉘이 지정되어 있지 않으면,
.B /bin/sh
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ѵ<EFBFBD>.
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>,
쉘을 사용한다.
또한,
.IR /etc/passwd
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ͽ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> Ȩ <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ΰ<EFBFBD> <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ǿ<EFBFBD> <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>,
파일에서 홈 경로가 지정되어 있지 않으며,
.I /
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>η<EFBFBD> <20>α<EFBFBD><CEB1>εȴ<CEB5>.(Ȩ <20><><EFBFBD>δ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
경로로 로그인된다.(홈 경로는 위에서 설명한
.I .hushlogin
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ִ<EFBFBD><D6B4><EFBFBD> Ȯ<><C8AE><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20>˻<EFBFBD><CBBB>ȴ<EFBFBD>.)
.SH <EFBFBD>ɼ<EFBFBD>
파일이 있는지 확인할 때 검사된다.)
.SH 옵션
.TP
.B \-p
.B login
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> ȯ<><C8AF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>״<EFBFBD><D7B4><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϵ<EFBFBD><CFB5><EFBFBD>
실행할 때 이전 환경들을 그대로 사용하도록
.BR getty (8)
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ɿ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȴ<EFBFBD>.
명령에 의해 사용된다.
.TP
.B \-f
<EFBFBD>ι<EFBFBD>° <20>α<EFBFBD><CEB1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>쿡<EFBFBD><ECBFA1> <20><> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>(<28><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ȯ<EFBFBD><C8AE><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>)<29><> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ѵ<EFBFBD>.
root <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>쿡<EFBFBD><ECBFA1> <20>۵<EFBFBD><DBB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>, <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ٸ<EFBFBD><D9B8><EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD>۵<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ִ<EFBFBD>.
두번째 로그인일 경우에는 그 인증(계정확인절차)을 통과한다.
root 계정일 경우에는 작동되지 않으며, 리눅스에서는 바르게
작동되지 않을 수도 있다.
.TP
.B \-h
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ʈ ȣ<><C8A3>Ʈ <20>α<EFBFBD><CEB1>ν<EFBFBD>(<28><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>, telnetd(8) <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>) <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>Է<EFBFBD><D4B7><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ѵ<EFBFBD>.
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> utmp, wtmp <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ִ<EFBFBD>. <20><> <20>ɼ<EFBFBD><C9BC><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> root<6F><74><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20>ִ<EFBFBD>.
리모트 호스트 로그인시(가령, telnetd(8) 사용) 계정 입력을 통과한다.
물론 utmp, wtmp 기록은 있다. 이 옵션은 단지 root만이 사용할 수 있다.
.SH "Ư<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ź<EFBFBD>"
.SH "특별 접근 거부"
.I /etc/securetty
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ͽ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> root<6F><74> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20><> <20>͹̳<CDB9><CCB3><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ǿ<EFBFBD> <20>ִ<EFBFBD>.
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>͹̳<CDB9> <20≯<EFBFBD><CCB8><EFBFBD> /dev/ <20><><EFBFBD>ڸ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>͹̳<CDB9> <20≯<EFBFBD><CCB8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>̴<EFBFBD>.
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>ٸ<EFBFBD> root<6F><74> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>͹̳<CDB9><CCB3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϴ<EFBFBD>.
파일에는 root가 접속 할 수 터미날이 나열되어 있다.
이 터미날 이름은 /dev/ 글자를 생략한 터미날 이름만이다.
이 파일이 없다면 root는 모든 터미날에서 접속이 가능하다.
.PP
.I /etc/usertty
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ͽ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> Ư<><C6AF> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>ӿ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> Ư<><C6AF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ִ<EFBFBD>.
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>ٸ<EFBFBD>, <20><EFBFBD><EEB6B0> Ư<><C6AF> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>źΰ<C5BA><CEB0><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>.
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>κ<EFBFBD><CEBA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ǿ<EFBFBD> <20>ִµ<D6B4>, <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20>κе<CEBA><D0B5><EFBFBD> <20≯<EFBFBD><CCB8><EFBFBD>
CLASSES, GROUPS, USERS <EFBFBD>̴<EFBFBD>. CLASSES <EFBFBD>κп<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>͹̳<CDB9><CCB3><EFBFBD> Ŭ<><C5AC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
ȣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ʈ<EFBFBD≯<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>ǵǰ<C7B5>, GROUPS <20>κп<CEBA><D0BF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>׷<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ǵ<EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD>͹̳<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> ȣ<><C8A3>Ʈ<EFBFBD><C6AE> <20><><EFBFBD>ǵǰ<C7B5>, USERS <20>κп<CEBA><D0BF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ǵ<EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD>͹̳<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> ȣ<><C8A3>Ʈ<EFBFBD><C6AE> <20><><EFBFBD>ǵȴ<C7B5>.
파일에는 특정 사용자의 접속에 대한 특별한 설정 내용이 있다.
이 파일이 없다면, 어떠한 특정 사용자의 접속 거부같은 없다.
이 파일의 세부분으로 구성되어 있는데, 각각 그 부분들의 이름은
CLASSES, GROUPS, USERS 이다. CLASSES 부분에서는 터미날의 클래스와
호스트이름 패턴이 정의되고, GROUPS 부분에서는 그룹 단위의 허락되는
터미날과 호스트가 정의되고, USERS 부분에서는 사용자 단위의 허락되는
터미날과 호스트가 정의된다.
.PP
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 255 <20><><EFBFBD>ڸ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>,
# <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڷ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϴ<EFBFBD> <20><> <20><> <20><>ü<EFBFBD><C3BC> <20>ּ<EFBFBD><D6BC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> ó<><C3B3><EFBFBD>ȴ<EFBFBD>.
이 파일의 각 줄은 255 문자를 넘을 수 없으며,
# 문자로 시작하는 그 줄 전체는 주석으로 처리된다.
.PP
.SS "CLASSES <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>"
CLASSES <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>빮<EFBFBD>ڷ<EFBFBD> ùĭ<C3B9><C4AD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> CLASSES<45><53><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>ǵȴ<C7B5>.
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>κ<EFBFBD><CEBA><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>ǵDZ<C7B5> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>κ<EFBFBD><CEBA><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>Եȴ<D4B5>.
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ܾ<EFBFBD><DCBE><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>鹮<EFBFBD>ڳ<EFBFBD> <20>ǹ<EFBFBD><C7B9>ڷ<EFBFBD> <20>Ѵ<EFBFBD>.
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ٿ<EFBFBD><D9BF><EFBFBD> <20>͹̳<CDB9><CCB3><EFBFBD> ȣ<><C8A3>Ʈ <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> Ŭ<><C5AC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>ǵȴ<C7B5>.
.SS "CLASSES 섹션"
CLASSES 섹션은 대문자로 첫칸부터 CLASSES라고 씀으로 정의된다.
이 부분은 다음 섹션이 정의되기 전까지 모든 부분이 포함된다.
각 단어의 구분은 공백문자나 탭문자로 한다.
각 줄에는 터미날과 호스트 패턴의 클래스가 정의된다.
.PP
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> ó<><C3B3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڰ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϴ<EFBFBD> Ŭ<><C5AC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20≯<EFBFBD><CCB8><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>,
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> Ŭ<><C5AC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϴ<EFBFBD> <20>͹̳<CDB9><CCB3><EFBFBD> ȣ<><C8A3>Ʈ <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>´<EFBFBD>.
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> Ŭ<><C5AC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20≯<EFBFBD><CCB8><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> GROUPS, USERS <20><><EFBFBD>ǿ<EFBFBD><C7BF><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20>ִ<EFBFBD>.
각 줄의 처음은 관리자가 정의하는 클래스 이름이 오고,
그 다음에는 그 클래스에서 사용하는 터미날과 호스트 패턴이 온다.
이 클래스 이름은 다음에 오는 GROUPS, USERS 섹션에서 사용될 수 있다.
.PP
CLASSES <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>:
CLASSES 섹션 예제:
.PP
.nf
.in +.5
@@ -145,31 +145,31 @@ myclass2 tty3 @.foo.com
.in \-.5
.fi
.PP
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
윗 예제는
.I myclass1
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
과
.I myclass2
Ŭ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>κа<CEBA> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>̴<EFBFBD>.
클래스를 오른쪽 부분과 같이 정의한 것이다.
.PP
.SS "GROUPS <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>"
GROUPS <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>н<EFBFBD> <20>׷<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ǵ<EFBFBD> <20>͹̳<CDB9><CCB3><EFBFBD> ȣ<><C8A3>Ʈ<EFBFBD><C6AE> <20><><EFBFBD>ǵȴ<C7B5>.
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϴ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>׷<EFBFBD><D7B7><EFBFBD>(<28>̰<EFBFBD><CCB0><EFBFBD>
.SS "GROUPS 섹션"
GROUPS 섹션에서는 유닉스 그룹 단위의 허락되는 터미날과 호스트가 정의된다.
접속하는 사용자의 그룹이(이것은
.I /etc/passwd
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϰ<EFBFBD>
파일과
.I /etc/group
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ͽ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> Ȯ<>ε<EFBFBD>)<29><>
파일에서 확인됨)이
.I /etc/usertty
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> GROUPS <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>κп<CEBA><D0BF><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>ǵ<EFBFBD> <20>׷<EFBFBD><D7B7>̶<EFBFBD><CCB6><EFBFBD>, <20>׿<EFBFBD> <20>ش<EFBFBD><D8B4>Ǵ<EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD>͹̳<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> ȣ<><C8A3>Ʈ<EFBFBD><C6AE><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>.
파일의 GROUPS 섹션 부분에서 정의된 그룹이라면, 그에 해당되는
터미날과 호스트에만 접속이 가능해 진다.
.PP
GROUPS <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> ùĭ<C3B9><C4AD> <20>빮<EFBFBD>ڷ<EFBFBD> GROUPS <20>̶<EFBFBD><CCB6><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>ǰ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>۵ǰ<DBB5>,
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>ǰ<EFBFBD> <20><>Ÿ<EFBFBD><C5B8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ѵ<EFBFBD>.
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ܾ<EFBFBD><DCBE><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>鹮<EFBFBD>ڳ<EFBFBD> <20>ǹ<EFBFBD><C7B9>ڷ<EFBFBD> <20>ϸ<EFBFBD>,
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> ó<><C3B3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>׷<EFBFBD><D7B7><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20>׷쿡<D7B7><ECBFA1> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20>ִ<EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD>͹̳<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> ȣ<><C8A3>Ʈ<EFBFBD><C6AE> <20>´<EFBFBD>. <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ǵ<EFBFBD> <20>͹̳<CDB9><CCB3><EFBFBD> ȣ<><C8A3>Ʈ <20>κп<CEBA><D0BF><EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> CLASSES <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> Ŭ<><C5AC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20≯<EFBFBD><CCB8><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ִ<EFBFBD>.
GROUPS 섹션은 첫칸에 대문자로 GROUPS 이라고 씀으로 정의가 시작되고,
다음섹션의 정의가 나타나기 전까지 이 섹션으로 가정한다.
각 단어의 구분은 공백문자나 탭문자로 하며,
각 줄의 처음에는 그룹이 오고 다음에는 그 그룹에서 접근할 수 있는
터미날과 호스트가 온다. 또한 허락되는 터미날과 호스트 부분에서
앞 CLASSES 섹션에서 정의한 클래스 이름이 사용될 수도 있다.
.PP
GROUPS <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>:
GROUPS 섹션의 예제:
.PP
.nf
.in +0.5
@@ -179,23 +179,23 @@ stud myclass1 tty4
.in \-0.5
.fi
.PP
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
윗 예제는
.I sys
<EFBFBD>׷<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڴ<EFBFBD> bar.edu <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> ȣ<><C8A3>Ʈ<EFBFBD><C6AE><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>, tty1<EFBFBD>θ<EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϴ<EFBFBD>.
그룹의 사용자는 bar.edu 도메인을 가진 호스트에서, tty1로만
접속이 가능하다.
.I stud
<EFBFBD>׷<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڴ<EFBFBD> myclass1 Ŭ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <EFBFBD>Ǵ<EFBFBD> tty4<EFBFBD>θ<EFBFBD> <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϴ<EFBFBD>.
그룹의 사용자는 myclass1 클래스 또는 tty4로만 접속이 가능하다.
.PP
.SS "USERS <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>"
USERS <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> ùĭ<C3B9><C4AD> USERS <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>빮<EFBFBD>ڷ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>ǵȴ<C7B5>.
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ܾ<EFBFBD><DCBE><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>鹮<EFBFBD>ڿ<EFBFBD> <20>ǹ<EFBFBD><C7B9>ڷ<EFBFBD> <20>ϸ<EFBFBD>,
ùĭ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>, <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڰ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20><> <20>ִ<EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD>͹̳<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڰ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>õ<EFBFBD><C3B5>ϴ<EFBFBD> ȣ<><C8A3>Ʈ<EFBFBD><C6AE> <20><><EFBFBD>ǵȴ<C7B5>.
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>͹̳<CDB9><CCB3><EFBFBD> ȣ<><C8A3>Ʈ <20><><EFBFBD>Ǻκп<CEBA><D0BF><EFBFBD> <20><> CLASSES <20><><EFBFBD>ǿ<EFBFBD><C7BF><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> Ŭ<><C5AC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ִ<EFBFBD>.
.SS "USERS 섹션"
USERS 섹션은 첫칸에 USERS 라고 대문자로 씀으로 정의된다.
각 단어의 구분은 공백문자와 탭문자로 하며,
첫칸에는 사용자 계정, 다음에는 그 계정 사용자가 접속 할 수 있는
터미날과 그 사용자가 접속 시도하는 호스트가 정의된다.
물론 터미날과 호스트 정의부분에서 앞 CLASSES 섹션에서 정의한 클래스가
사용될 수도 있다.
.PP
USERS <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>:
USERS 섹션 예제:
.PP
.nf
.in +0.5
@@ -205,39 +205,39 @@ blue tty3 myclass2
.in \-0.5
.fi
.PP
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> zacho <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڴ<EFBFBD> IP <20>ּҰ<D6BC> 130.225.16.0 <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 130.225.16.255
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> ȣ<><C8A3>Ʈ<EFBFBD><C6AE><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> tty1<79><31> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ϰ<EFBFBD><CFB0><EFBFBD> <20><> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20><> <20>ִ<EFBFBD>.
blue <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڴ<EFBFBD> myclass2<73><32><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>ǵ<EFBFBD> ȯ<><C8AF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> tty3<79><33><EFBFBD>θ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20>ִ<EFBFBD>.
윗 예제는 zacho 계정 사용자는 IP 주소가 130.225.16.0 부터 130.225.16.255
범위 안의 호스트에서 이 컴의 tty1로 접속 하고자 할 때만 접속을 할 수 있다.
blue 계정 사용자는 myclass2에서 정의된 환경과 tty3으로만 접속할 수 있다.
.PP
USERS <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ǿȿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>κп<CEBA> * <20><><EFBFBD>ڰ<EFBFBD> <20><> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ִ<EFBFBD>.
<EFBFBD>̰<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ʱⰪ <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD≯<EFBFBD>, <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڿ<EFBFBD><DABF><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȴ<EFBFBD>.
USERS 섹션안에서 사용자 계정 부분에 * 문자가 올 수도 있다.
이것은 초기값 지정이며, 모든 사용자에게 적용된다.
.PP
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϰ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ϴ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>׷<EFBFBD><D7B7><EFBFBD> USERS, GROUPS <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20>κп<CEBA><D0BF><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ǹ<EFBFBD> <20><> <20><><EFBFBD>ǿ<EFBFBD><C7BF><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>ǵ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>͹̳<CDB9>/ȣ<><C8A3>Ʈ<EFBFBD><C6AE> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȴ<EFBFBD>.
접속하고자 하는 사용자의 계정과 그룹이 USERS, GROUPS 섹션 두 부분에서 모두
적용되면 각 섹션에서 정의된 모든 터미날/호스트가 적용된다.
.SS Origins
<EFBFBD>͹̳<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> ȣ<><C8A3>Ʈ <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>κп<CEBA><D0BF><EFBFBD> Ŭ<><C5AC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>, origin<69>̶<EFBFBD><CCB6><EFBFBD> <20>θ<EFBFBD><CEB8><EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD>ϱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>ڿ<EFBFBD><DABF><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȴ<EFBFBD>. <20><> origin <20><><EFBFBD>ڿ<EFBFBD><DABF><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>Ѵ<EFBFBD>.
터미날과 호스트 정의 부분에는 클래스, origin이라고 부르는
일군의 문자열이 사용된다. 이 origin 문자열은 다음과 같은 형식을 취한다.
.IP o
<EFBFBD>͹̳<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <EFBFBD≯<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> /dev/ <EFBFBD>κ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>. <EFBFBD><EFBFBD>, tty1, ttyS0 <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȴ<EFBFBD>.
터미날의 이름에는 /dev/ 부분이 빠진다. 즉, tty1, ttyS0 형식으로 사용된다.
.PP
.IP o
@localhost <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><>Į ȣ<><C8A3>Ʈ<EFBFBD><C6AE><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> telnet/rlogin<69><6E><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϴ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڸ<EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD>ǹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ѵ<EFBFBD>. <20><> `xterm \-e /bin/login' <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ɰ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȴٴ<C8B4> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ǹ<EFBFBD><C7B9>Ѵ<EFBFBD>.
@localhost 문자열은 로칼 호스트에서 telnet/rlogin으로 접속하는 사용자를
의미한다. 즉 `xterm \-e /bin/login' 명령같은 것이 실행된다는 것을 의미한다.
.PP
.IP o
@.some.dom <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ʈ ȣ<><C8A3>Ʈ <20><><EFBFBD>ӽ<EFBFBD> <20><> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڰ<EFBFBD> rlogin/telnet<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> .some.dom<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> ȣ<><C8A3>Ʈ<EFBFBD><C6AE><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20>ִٴ<D6B4> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ǹ<EFBFBD><C7B9>Ѵ<EFBFBD>.
@.some.dom 문자열은 리모트 호스트 접속시 그 사용자가 rlogin/telnet으로
도메인이 .some.dom로 끝나는 호스트에서만 접속할 수 있다는 것을 의미한다.
.PP
.IP o
IP <EFBFBD>ּ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> @x.x.x.x/y.y.y.y <EFBFBD>̷<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϴµ<CFB4>,
<EFBFBD>̰<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> x.x.x.x <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> y.y.y.y <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> IP <20>ּҸ<D6BC> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> ȣ<><C8A3>Ʈ<EFBFBD><C6AE><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϴ<EFBFBD>. <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>, @130.225.16.0/255.255.254.0
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϸ<EFBFBD>, IP<49><50> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 130.225.16.0 \- 130.225.17.255<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
ȣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ʈ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϴ<EFBFBD>.
IP 주소의 영역은 @x.x.x.x/y.y.y.y 이런 식으로 정의하는데,
이것은 x.x.x.x 에서 y.y.y.y 범위의 IP 주소를 가진 호스트에서만
접속이 가능하다. 예를 들어, @130.225.16.0/255.255.254.0
으로 정의하면, IP의 범위가 130.225.16.0 \- 130.225.17.255인
호스트에서만 접속이 가능하다.
.PP
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ÿ origin <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ǵ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>ڿ<EFBFBD><DABF><EFBFBD> <20>ð<EFBFBD><C3B0><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>Ҽ<EFBFBD> <20>ִµ<D6B4>,
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>.
기타 origin 에서 사용되는 문자열로 시간을 정할수 있는데,
그 형식은 다음과 같다.
.PP
.nf
timespec ::= '[' <day\-or\-hour> [':' <day\-or\-hour>]* ']'
@@ -247,24 +247,24 @@ hourspec ::= <hour> | <hour> '\-' <hour>
day\-or\-hour ::= <day> | <hourspec>
.fi
.PP
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>, [mon:tue:wed:thu:fri:8\-17]tty3 <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϻ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ݿ<EFBFBD><DDBF>ϱ<EFBFBD><CFB1><EFBFBD>, <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 8<><38> 00<30>к<EFBFBD><D0BA><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 5<><35> 59<35>б<EFBFBD><D0B1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
tty3<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ǹ<EFBFBD><C7B9>Ѵ<EFBFBD>. <20>ð<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>,
a\-b <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>ǵǸ<C7B5> a<><61> 00<30><30> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> b<><62> 59<35>б<EFBFBD><D0B1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ǹ<EFBFBD><C7B9>ϸ<EFBFBD>,
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>ڸ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>(<28><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 10) <20><> <20>ð<EFBFBD><C3B0><EFBFBD>(10<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 00<EFBFBD>к<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 10<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 59<EFBFBD>б<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>)<29><>
<EFBFBD>ǹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ѵ<EFBFBD>.
예를 들어, [mon:tue:wed:thu:fri:8\-17]tty3 문자열은
월요일부터 금요일까지, 오전 8시 00분부터 오후 5시 59분까지만
tty3으로 접속할 수 있음을 의미한다. 시간 지정에서는 단지,
a\-b 식으로 정의되면 a시 00분 부터 b시 59분까지를 의미하며,
단지 단일 숫자만 있으면(가령 10) 그 시간만(10시 00분부터 10시 59분까지)을
의미한다.
.PP
<EFBFBD>ð<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>κ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><EFBFBD><EEB6B0> <20>ð<EFBFBD><C3B0><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϴ<EFBFBD>.
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>Ϻ<EFBFBD><CFBA><EFBFBD> <20><> <20>ð<EFBFBD><C3B0><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>ϰ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>Ǵ<EFBFBD><C7B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ð<EFBFBD><C3B0><EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ִ<EFBFBD>.
<EFBFBD>ð<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>鹮<EFBFBD>ڸ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>.
시간부분의 설정이 지정되지 않으면 어떠한 시간에도 접속이 가능하다.
각 요일별로 그 시간을 따로 정하고 싶으면 각 요일 정의다음에 시간을
각각 따로 정의 할 수도 있다.
시간지정에서는 공백문자를 사용할 수 없다.
.PP
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
만약
.I /etc/usertty
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ͽ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20><><EFBFBD>ǵ<EFBFBD><C7B5><EFBFBD> <20>ٸ<EFBFBD><D9B8><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>ϰ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>ǵȴٸ<C8B4>,
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> Ư<><C6AF> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ź<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>.
파일에서 각 정의들이 바르지 못하게 정의된다면,
모든 사용자의 특별 접속 거부 같은 것은 없다.
.PP
.SH "<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>"
.SH "관련 파일"
.nf
\fI/var/run/utmp\fR
\fI/var/log/wtmp\fR
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ a\-b
\fI/etc/usertty\fR
\fI$HOME/.hushlogin\fR
.fi
.SH "<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>׸<EFBFBD>"
.SH "관련 항목"
.BR init (8),
.BR getty (8),
.BR mail (1),
@@ -283,18 +283,18 @@ a\-b
.BR passwd (5),
.BR environ (7),
.BR shutdown (8)
.SH <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ٸ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ü<EEBFB5><C3BC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>޸<EFBFBD> <20><> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ߺ<EFBFBD> <20>α<EFBFBD><CEB1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ʴ´<CAB4>.
.SH 벌레
리눅스에서는 다른 옛날 운영체제와 달리 한 사용자의 중복 로그인을
제한하지 않는다.
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> BSD<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
설명되지 않은 BSD의
.B \-r
<EFBFBD>ɼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ʴ´<CAB4>.
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ɼ<EFBFBD><C9BC><EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
옵션은 지원되지 않는다.
이 옵션은
어떠한
.BR rlogind (8)
Ǯ<EFBFBD>׸<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ʿ<EFBFBD><CABF><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>𸥴<EFBFBD>.
.SH <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
풀그림에서 필요할 지도 모른다.
.SH 만든이
Derived from BSD login 5.40 (5/9/89) by Michael Glad (glad@daimi.dk) for HP\-UX
.br
Ported to Linux 0.12: Peter Orbaek (poe@daimi.aau.dk)

29
man/ko/newgrp.1
View File

@@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
.\" Original author unknown. This man page is in the public domain.
.\" Modified Sat Oct 9 17:46:48 1993 by faith@cs.unc.edu
.TH NEWGRP 1 "9 October 1993" "Linux 1.2" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH NAME
newgrp \- <20>ڽ<EFBFBD><DABD><EFBFBD> <20>Ҽӵ<D2BC> <20>׷<EFBFBD><D7B7><EFBFBD> <20><> <20>׷<EFBFBD><D7B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ٲ۴<D9B2>.
.SH SYNOPSIS
.BI "newgrp [ " group " ]"
.SH DESCRIPTION
.B Newgrp
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
changes the group identification of its caller, analogously to
.BR login (1).
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>α<EFBFBD><CEB1><EFBFBD> <20><> <20><> <20>ĺ<EFBFBD><C4BA>Ǵ<EFBFBD> <20>׷<EFBFBD><D7B7><EFBFBD> <20>ٲ۴<D9B2>.
\fIgroup\fR<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20>ִ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> /etc/group <20><><EFBFBD>Ͼȿ<CFBE>
<EFBFBD>ִ<EFBFBD> <20>׷<EFBFBD><D7B7><EFBFBD> <20≯<EFBFBD><CCB8>̳<EFBFBD>, GID <20><><EFBFBD>̿<EFBFBD><CCBF><EFBFBD> <20>ϸ<EFBFBD>,
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>ڿ<EFBFBD><DABF><EFBFBD> <20><> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> Ư<><C6AF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>, <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ڽ<EFBFBD><DABD><EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD>׷<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ٲ۴<D9B2>.
.LP
.SH FILES
.I /etc/group
.br
.I /etc/passwd
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR login "(1), " group (5)
.SH AUTHOR
Originally by Michael Haardt. Currently maintained by
Peter Orbaek (poe@daimi.aau.dk).

110
man/ko/passwd.5
View File

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
.\"$Id: passwd.5,v 1.3 2005/04/05 19:08:56 kloczek Exp $
.\"$Id: passwd.5,v 1.4 2005/12/01 20:38:27 kloczek Exp $
.\" This is free documentation; you can redistribute it and/or
.\" modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
.\" published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of
@@ -25,93 +25,93 @@
.\" Modified Mon Jan 5 20:24:40 MET 1998 by Michael Haardt
.\" (michael@cantor.informatik.rwth-aachen.de)
.\"
.\" <EFBFBD>ѱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> : ASPLINUX<man@asp-linux.co.kr> 2000<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 7<><37> 29<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
.\" 한국어 번역 : ASPLINUX<man@asp-linux.co.kr> 2000년 7월 29일
.\"
.TH PASSWD 5 "January 5, 1998" "" "File formats"
.SH <EFBFBD≯<EFBFBD>
passwd \- <EFBFBD>н<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
.SH <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
.SH 이름
passwd \- 패스워드 파일
.SH 설명
.B Passwd
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ؽ<EFBFBD>Ʈ <20><><EFBFBD>Ϸμ<CFB7>, <20>ý<EFBFBD><C3BD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϰ<EFBFBD> <20>ְ<EFBFBD>, <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> ID, <EFBFBD>׷<EFBFBD>
ID, Ȩ <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>丮, <20><> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ſ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ѵ<EFBFBD>.
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>, <20><> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><>ȣȭ<C8A3><C8AD> <20>н<EFBFBD><D0BD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>带 <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ѵ<EFBFBD>.
Passwd<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>Ϲ<EFBFBD><CFB9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>б<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>, <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ը<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϴ<EFBFBD>.
는 텍스트 파일로서, 시스템 계정의 목록을 포함하고 있고, 사용자 ID, 그룹
ID, 홈 디렉토리, 쉘 등의 각 계정에 대한 매우 유용한 정보를 제공한다.
종종, 각 계정에 대한 암호화된 패스워드를 포함한다.
Passwd는 일반적인 읽기 권한을 가져야 하지만, 수퍼 유저에게만 쓰기 접근이
가능하다.
.PP
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>Ϲ<EFBFBD><CFB9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>б<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>. <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȣȭ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>н<EFBFBD><D0BD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>带 <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20>־<EFBFBD><D6BE><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>, <20>н<EFBFBD><D0BD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>带 ũ<><C5A9><EFBFBD>ϱ⿡<CFB1><E2BFA1> <20>ϵ<EFBFBD><CFB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>Ȱ<EFBFBD>, <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>, <20>⺻<EFBFBD><E2BABB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>׵<EFBFBD><D7B5><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> ģ<><C4A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ü<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>н<EFBFBD><D0BD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>̾<EFBFBD><CCBE><EFBFBD>.
예전에는 일반적인 읽기 권한으로인한 문제들이 없었다. 모든 사람들이
암호화된 패스워드를 읽을 수 있었지만, 패스워드를 크랙하기에는 하드웨어가
너무나 느렸고, 더우기, 기본적인 가정은 그들은 아주 친숙한 사용자
공동체의 패스워드들이었다.
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ó<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>н<EFBFBD><D0BD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>Ϻ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ѵ<EFBFBD>.
.I /etc/passwd<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><>ȣȭ<C8A3><C8AD> <20>н<EFBFBD><D0BD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> *<2A><> <20><>
<EFBFBD>н<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>带 <20><><EFBFBD>ϰ<EFBFBD>, <20><>ȣȭ<C8A3><C8AD> <20>н<EFBFBD><D0BD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20>ִ<EFBFBD>
.I /etc/shadow<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȴ<EFBFBD>.
오늘날 많은 사람들이 쉐도우 패스워드의 일부 버전을 실행한다.
.I /etc/passwd는 암호화된 패스워드 대신 *로 된
패스워드를 지니고, 암호화된 패스워드들은 수퍼유저만이 읽을 수 있는
.I /etc/shadow에 저장된다.
.PP
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>н<EFBFBD><D0BD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>尡 <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ǵ<EFBFBD><C7B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>, <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ý<EFBFBD><C3BD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڵ<EFBFBD><DAB5><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڰ<EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD>ڱ<EFBFBD> <20>ڽ<EFBFBD><DABD><EFBFBD> <20>н<EFBFBD><D0BD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>带 <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ͽ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>н<EFBFBD><D0BD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ʵ峻<CAB5><E5B3BB>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǥ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ѵ<EFBFBD>.
쉐도우 패스우드가 사용되는지에 상관없이, 많은 시스템 관리자들은 사용자가
자기 자신을 패스워드를 사용하여 인증할 수 없도록 패스워드 필드내에
별표를 사용한다.
.PP
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>ο<EFBFBD> <20>α<EFBFBD><CEB1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>, <20>켱 <20>н<EFBFBD><D0BD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ʵ忡 <20><>ǥ<EFBFBD><C7A5> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>, <20≯<EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϱ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> .BR passwd (1)<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ѵ<EFBFBD>.
만일 새로운 로그인을 만들면, 우선 패스워드 필드에 별표를 놓고, 이를
설정하기 위해 .BR passwd (1)을 사용한다.
PP
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ึ<EFBFBD><E0B8B6> <20>ϳ<EFBFBD><CFB3><EFBFBD> <20>׸<EFBFBD><D7B8><EFBFBD> <20>ְ<EFBFBD>, <20><> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>Ѵ<EFBFBD>.
각 행마다 하나의 항목이 있고, 각 행은 다음의 형식을 지닌다.
.sp
.RS
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>:<3A>н<EFBFBD><D0BD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>:UID:GID:GECOS:<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>丮:<3A><>
계정:패스워드:UID:GID:GECOS:디렉토리:쉘
.RE
.sp
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ʵ忡 <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>.
각 필드에 대한 설명은 다음과 같다.
.sp
.RS
.TP 1.0in
.I <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD>ý<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ۿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20≯<EFBFBD>. <20>빮<EFBFBD>ڸ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ؼ<EFBFBD><D8BC><EFBFBD> <20>ȵȴ<C8B5>.
.I 계정
시스템에서의 사용자 이름. 대문자를 사용해서는 안된다.
.TP
.I <EFBFBD>н<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȣȭ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>н<EFBFBD><D0BD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> Ȥ<><C8A4> <20><>ǥ
.I 패스워드
암호화된 사용자의 패스워드 혹은 별표
.TP
.I UID
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڷ<EFBFBD> ǥ<><C7A5><EFBFBD>Ǵ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> id
숫자로 표현되는 사용자 id
.TP
.I GID
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڿ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20>׷<EFBFBD> ID, <20><><EFBFBD>ڷ<EFBFBD> ǥ<><C7A5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
이 사용자에 대한 주 그룹 ID, 숫자로 표현됨
.TP
.I GECOS
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ʵ<EFBFBD><CAB5><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>̰<EFBFBD>, <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>θ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȴ<EFBFBD>. <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>, <20>̴<EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><>ü <20≯<EFBFBD><CCB8><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ѵ<EFBFBD>. GECOS<4F><53> <20>Ϲ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ü<EEBFB5><C3BC><EFBFBD>μ<EFBFBD>,
GE<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>Ŵ<EFBFBD> <20>ý<EFBFBD><C3BD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> Honeywell<6C><6C> <20>Ǹŵ<C7B8> GCOS,<2C><> <20>ٽ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ǿ<EFBFBD><C7BE><EFBFBD>. Dennis
Ritchie<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>ϱ⸦, <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>츮<EFBFBD><ECB8AE> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> Ȥ<><C8A4> <20>ϰ<EFBFBD> ó<><C3B3> <20>۾<EFBFBD><DBBE><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
GCOS <EFBFBD>ӽ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ͽ<EFBFBD><CFBF><EFBFBD>. <20>н<EFBFBD><D0BD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>Ͽ<EFBFBD><CFBF><EFBFBD> GCOS <EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> $IDENTcard<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>ܵδ<DCB5> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>̴<EFBFBD>.
이 필드는 선택적이고, 오직 정보적인 목적으로만 사용된다. 보통, 이는
사용자의 전체 이름을 포함한다. GECOS는 일반 전자 통합 운영체제로서,
GE의 거대 시스템이 Honeywell에 판매된 GCOS,로 다시 명명되었다. Dennis
Ritchie는 말하기를, 때때로 우리는 프린터 출력 혹은 일괄 처리 작업들을
GCOS 머신으로 전송하였다. 패스워드 파일에서 GCOS 필드는 $IDENTcard에 대한
정보를 숨겨두는 장소이다.
.TP
.I directory
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> $HOME <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>丮
사용자의 $HOME 디렉토리
.TP
.I shell(<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>)
<EFBFBD>α<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ν<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϴ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>α׷<CEB1>(<28><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ٸ<EFBFBD>, .BR /bin/sh<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ѵ<EFBFBD>.)
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ʴ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϸ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ǿ<EFBFBD><C7BE>ٸ<EFBFBD>, <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڴ<EFBFBD> .BR login (1)<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD>α<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20><> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>̴<EFBFBD>.
.I shell(쉘)
로그인시 실행하는 프로그램(만일 비었다면, .BR /bin/sh을 사용한다.)
만일 존재하지 않는 실행파일로 설정되었다면, 사용자는 .BR login (1)을 통해
로그인 할 수 없을 것이다.
.RE
.SH <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>׷<EFBFBD><D7B7><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ʹٸ<CDB4>, GID<49><44> <20>̿<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ͽ<EFBFBD><CFBF><EFBFBD> <20>ϸ<EFBFBD>,
\fI/etc/group\fP<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>׸<EFBFBD><D7B8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ְų<D6B0>, <20>׷<EFBFBD><D7B7><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ʾƾ<CABE> <20>Ѵ<EFBFBD>.
.SH 주의
여러분이 사용자 그룹을 만들고 싶다면, GID는 이와 동일하여야 하며,
\fI/etc/group\fP내에 항목들이 있거나, 그룹이 존재하지 않아야 한다.
.PP
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȣȭ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>н<EFBFBD><D0BD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>尡 <20><>ǥ<EFBFBD><C7A5> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>, <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڴ<EFBFBD> .BR login (1)<29><> <20>α<EFBFBD><CEB1><EFBFBD> <20><> <20><> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>,
.BR rlogin (1)<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ͽ<EFBFBD> <EFBFBD>α<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <EFBFBD>ִ<EFBFBD>. <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϴ<EFBFBD> <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>μ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϰ<EFBFBD>,
암호화된 패스워드가 별표로 설정된 경우, 사용자는 .BR login (1)로 로그일 할 수 없지만,
.BR rlogin (1)을 사용하여 로그인할 수 있을 수도 있다. 존재하는 프로세스들을 실행하고,
.BR rsh (1)
Ȥ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
혹은
.BR cron (1)
Ȥ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
혹은
.BR at (1)
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>ʱ<EFBFBD>ȭ<EFBFBD><C8AD>Ű<EFBFBD>ų<EFBFBD>, <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>͸<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ѵ<EFBFBD>.
<EFBFBD>ܼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><> <20>ʵ带 <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ѽ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>״<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20>Ȱ<EFBFBD><C8B0><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>,
.BR su (1)<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ѵ<EFBFBD>..
.SH <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
을 초기화시키거나, 메일 필터를 시작한다.
단순히 쉘 필드를 변경시켜서 계정을 잠그는 것은 똑같은 결과를 가져오고,
.BR su (1)의 사용을 허용한다..
.SH 파일
.I /etc/passwd
.SH <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <EFBFBD>׸<EFBFBD>
.SH 관련 항목
.BR passwd (1),
.BR login (1),
.BR su (1),

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.TH SU 1L "GNU 쉘 유틸리티" "FSF" \" \-*\- nroff \-*\-
.SH 이름
su \- 사용자와 그룹 ID 를 교체하여 쉘을 실행한다
.SH 개요
.B su
[\-flmp] [\-c 명령] [\-s 쉘] [\-\-login] [\-\-fast]
[\-\-preserve\-environment] [\-\-command=명령] [\-\-shell=쉘] [\-]
[\-\-help] [\-\-version] [사용자 [인수...]]
.SH 설명
이 맨페이지는 GNU 버전의
.BR su
를 설명한다.
.B su
는 한 사용자가 잠시 다른 사용자가 될 수 있도록 해준다.
실제 사용자 ID, 그룹 ID, USER의 보충적인 그룹으로 쉘을 실행한다.
USER가 주어지지 않으면 기본적으로 수퍼유저인 root 로 설정된다.
실행되는 쉘은 USER의 패스워드 목록에서 찾아오거나 없으면 /bin/sh 를 수행한다.
만약 USER에 패스워드가 있다면
.B su
는 실제 사용자 ID 0 (수퍼유저)가 아닌 한 패스워드를 물어온다.
.PP
기본적으로,
.B su
는 현재 디렉토리를 변경하지 않는다. USER 의 패스워드 항목으로부터 `HOME',
`SHELL' 등의 변수를 설정하고 만약 수퍼유저가 아니라면 `USER'와 `LOGNAME'을
USER로 설정한다. 기본적으로 이 쉘은 로그인 쉘이 아니다.
.PP
만약 한 개 이상의 인수가 주어지면 쉘에 대한 인수로 전달된다.
.PP
.B su
는 /bin/sh나 다른 쉘을 특별히 다루지는 않는다.
(argv[0]를 "\-su"로 하고 \-c 를 특정 쉘로 지정하지 않는 한... )
.PP
syslog를 가지고 있는 시스템에서는,
.B su
가 실패하는 경우 보고를 하도록, 그리고 성공의 경우에는 선택적으로 보고하도록
컴파일하면
.B su
가 syslog를 사용한다.
.SS 옵션
.TP
.I "\-c COMMAND, \-\-command=COMMAND"
대화형 쉘을 시작하지 않고
.I \-c
옵션을 쉘에 주어서 한 개의 명령만을 수행하도록 한다.
.TP
.I "\-f, \-\-fast"
쉘에
.I \-f
옵션을 전달한다.
.B csh
와
.BR tcsh
에만 해당되는 것으로서,
.I \-f
옵션은 시작 화일(.cshrc)를 읽지 않도록 한다. 본쉘의 경우,
.I \-f
옵션은 화일 패턴 확장을 불능으로 설정하는 것으로서 일반적으로 그렇게 하지
않는다.
.TP
.I "\-\-help"
표준출력으로 사용법을 출력하고 정상적으로 종료한다.
.TP
.I "\-, \-l, \-\-login"
쉘을 로그인 쉘로 만든다. 그 의미는 다음과 같다. `TERM', `HOME', `SHELL'
(위에서 설명) 그리고 `USER', `LOGNAME'(위에서 설명하였듯 수퍼유저라 할 지라도
설정된다)을 제외하고 나머지 환경 변수를 제거한다. 그리고 `PATH'를 컴파일 기본
설정값으로 설정한다. USER의 홈 디렉토리로 이동한다. 쉘 이름에 "\-" 를 추가하여
로그인 스크립트 화일들을 읽을 수 있게 할 수 있다.
.TP
.I "\-m, \-p, \-\-preserve\-environment"
`HOME', `USER', `LOGNAME', `SHELL' 등의 환경변수값을 변경하지 않는다.
만약
.B su
를 실행하는 사용자가 수퍼유저이거나 사용자의 쉘이 제한된 쉘일 때는
\fI/etc/passwd\fR에 기재된 USER의 쉘이 아니라 `SHELL' 환경변수에 설정된 쉘을
실행한다.
제한된 쉘이란 /etc/shells에 등록되어 있지 않거나 /etc/shells 화일이 존재하지
않을 때 내장 컴파일된 목록에 들어있지 않는 경우를 말한다.
이 옵션의 일부는 다음
.I \-\-login
과
.IR \-\-shell
옵션에 의해 무시될 수 있다.
.TP
.I "\-s, \-\-shell shell"
.B su
를 실행하는 사용자가 수퍼유저가 아니거나 사용자의 쉘이 제한된 쉘일 때는
\fI/etc/passwd\fR에 등록된 USER의 쉘을 수행하지 않고 지정한 쉘을 수행한다.
.TP
.I "\-\-version"
표준출력으로 버전정보를 출력하고 정상적으로 종료한다.

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.so man8/vipw.8

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.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1991 The Regents of the University of California.
.\" All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
.\" without specific prior written permission.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
.\"
.\" from: @(#)vipw.8 6.7 (Berkeley) 3/16/91
.\" $Id: vipw.8,v 1.1 2005/12/13 11:34:59 kloczek Exp $
.\"
.Dd March 16, 1991
.Dt VIPW 8
.Os BSD 4
.Sh NAME
.Nm vipw
.Nd 패스워드 파일 편집
.Sh 사용법
.Nm vipw
.Sh 설명
.Nm Vipw
명령은 /etc/passwd 파일을 잠그고(lock) 편집하고,
편집이 끝나면, /etc/passwd 파일을 잠금해제(unlock)한다.
이미 /etc/passwd 파일이 잠겨 있으면, 다음에 사용하라고
메시지를 보여준다.
\fBvipw\fR에서 사용하는 기본 편집기는 \fBvi(1)\fR이다.
.Sh 환경변수
\fBvipw\fR는 다음 환경 변수를 사용한다.
.Bl -tag -width EDITOR
.It Ev EDITOR
사용할 편집기 지정. 초기값은 vi
.El
.Sh 관련 항목
.Xr passwd 1 ,
.Xr vi 1 ,
.Xr passwd 5
.Sh 발자취
.Nm
명령은
.Bx 4.0
에서 처음 나타났다.