[svn-upgrade] Integrating new upstream version, shadow (4.0.13)

This commit is contained in:
nekral-guest
2007-10-07 11:47:01 +00:00
parent e89f3546f2
commit 8451bed8b0
279 changed files with 12461 additions and 8086 deletions

View File

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN"
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.3/docbookx.dtd">
<refentry id='useradd.8'>
<!-- $Id: useradd.8.xml,v 1.14 2005/08/10 07:43:51 kloczek Exp $ -->
<!-- $Id: useradd.8.xml,v 1.24 2005/09/30 15:41:20 kloczek Exp $ -->
<refmeta>
<refentrytitle>useradd</refentrytitle>
<manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
@@ -13,139 +13,141 @@
</refnamediv>
<refsynopsisdiv id='synopsis'>
<cmdsynopsis>
<command>useradd</command>
<command>useradd</command>
<arg choice='opt'>
<replaceable>options</replaceable>
<replaceable>options</replaceable>
</arg>
<arg choice='plain'><replaceable>LOGIN</replaceable></arg>
</cmdsynopsis>
<cmdsynopsis>
<command>useradd</command>
<command>useradd</command>
<arg choice='plain'>-D </arg>
</cmdsynopsis>
<cmdsynopsis>
<command>useradd</command>
<command>useradd</command>
<arg choice='plain'>-D </arg>
<arg choice='opt'>
<replaceable>options</replaceable>
<replaceable>options</replaceable>
</arg>
</cmdsynopsis>
</refsynopsisdiv>
<refsect1 id='description'>
<title>DESCRIPTION</title>
<refsect2 id='creating_new_users'>
<title>Creating New Users</title>
<para>
When invoked without the <option>-D</option> option, the
<command>useradd</command> command creates a new user account using
the values specified on the command line and the default values from
the system. Depending on command line options, the useradd command
will update system files and may also create the new user's home
directory and copy initial files.
When invoked without the <option>-D</option> option, the
<command>useradd</command> command creates a new user account using
the values specified on the command line and the default values from
the system. Depending on command line options, the useradd command
will update system files and may also create the new user's home
directory and copy initial files.
</para>
</refsect2>
</refsect1>
<refsect1 id='options'>
<title>OPTIONS</title>
<para>The options which apply to the <command>useradd</command> command are:
</para>
<variablelist remap='IP'>
<varlistentry>
<term>
<option>-c</option>, <option>--comment</option>
<term>
<option>-c</option>, <option>--comment</option>
<replaceable>COMMENT</replaceable>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>
Any text string. It is generally a short description of the
login, and is currently used as the field for the user's full
name.
</para>
</listitem>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>
<option>-b</option>, <option>--base-dir</option>
<term>
<option>-b</option>, <option>--base-dir</option>
<replaceable>BASE_DIR</replaceable>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>The default base directory for the system if
<option>-d</option> dir is not specified.
<replaceable>BASE_DIR</replaceable> is concatenated with the
account name to define the home directory. If the
<option>-m</option> option is not used, base_dir must exist.
</term>
<listitem>
<para>
The default base directory for the system if <option>-d</option>
dir is not specified. <replaceable>BASE_DIR</replaceable> is
concatenated with the account name to define the home directory.
If the <option>-m</option> option is not used, base_dir must
exist.
</para>
</listitem>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>
<option>-d</option>, <option>--home</option>
<term>
<option>-d</option>, <option>--home</option>
<replaceable>HOME_DIR</replaceable>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>
The new user will be created using <emphasis remap='I'>HOME_DIR</emphasis>
as the value for the user's login directory. The default is to append
the <emphasis remap='I'>LOGIN</emphasis> name to
<emphasis remap='I'>BASE_DIR</emphasis> and use that as the login directory name.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>
<option>-e</option>, <option>--expiredate</option>
<replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>The date on which the user account will be disabled. The
date is specified in the format <emphasis
remap='I'>YYYY-MM-DD</emphasis>.
</term>
<listitem>
<para>
The new user will be created using
<replaceable>HOME_DIR</replaceable> as the value for the user's
login directory. The default is to append the
<replaceable>LOGIN</replaceable> name to
<replaceable>BASE_DIR</replaceable> and use that as the login
directory name.
</para>
</listitem>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>
<option>-f</option>, <option>--inactive</option>
<term>
<option>-e</option>, <option>--expiredate</option>
<replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>
The date on which the user account will be disabled. The date is
specified in the format <emphasis remap='I'>YYYY-MM-DD</emphasis>.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>
<option>-f</option>, <option>--inactive</option>
<replaceable>INACTIVE</replaceable>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>The number of days after a password expires until the
account is permanently disabled. A value of 0 disables the
account as soon as the password has expired, and a value of -1
disables the feature. The default value is -1.
</para>
</listitem>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>
The number of days after a password expires until the account is
permanently disabled. A value of 0 disables the account as soon
as the password has expired, and a value of -1 disables the
feature. The default value is -1.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>
<option>-g</option>, <option>--gid</option>
<term>
<option>-g</option>, <option>--gid</option>
<replaceable>GROUP</replaceable>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>The group name or number of the user's initial login group.
The group name must exist. A group number must refer to an
already existing group. The default group number is 1 or
whatever is specified in
<filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename>.
</para>
</listitem>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>
The group name or number of the user's initial login group. The
group name must exist. A group number must refer to an already
existing group. The default group number is 1 or whatever is
specified in <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename>.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>
<option>-G</option>, <option>--groups</option>
<term>
<option>-G</option>, <option>--groups</option>
<replaceable>GROUP1</replaceable>[<emphasis remap='I'>,GROUP2,...</emphasis>[<emphasis remap='I'>,GROUPN</emphasis>]]]
</term>
<listitem>
<para>A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a
member of. Each group is separated from the next by a comma,
with no intervening whitespace. The groups are subject to the
same restrictions as the group given with the
<option>-g</option> option. The default is for the user to
belong only to the initial group.
</para>
</listitem>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>
A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member
of. Each group is separated from the next by a comma, with no
intervening whitespace. The groups are subject to the same
restrictions as the group given with the <option>-g</option>
option. The default is for the user to belong only to the
initial group.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>-h</option>, <option>--help</option></term>
@@ -154,253 +156,305 @@
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>
<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>The user's home directory will be created if it does not
exist. The files contained in <emphasis
remap='I'>skeleton_dir</emphasis> will be copied to the home
directory if the <option>-k</option> option is used, otherwise
the files contained in <filename>/etc/skel</filename> will be
used instead. Any directories contained in <emphasis remap='I'>
skeleton_dir</emphasis> or <filename>/etc/skel</filename> will
be created in the user's home directory as well. The
<option>-k</option> option is only valid in conjunction with the
<option>-m</option> option. The default is to not create the
directory and to not copy any files.
</para>
</listitem>
<term>
<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>
The user's home directory will be created if it does not exist.
The files contained in <replaceable>SKEL_DIR</replaceable> will
be copied to the home directory if the <option>-k</option>
option is used, otherwise the files contained in
<filename>/etc/skel</filename> will be used instead. Any
directories contained in <replaceable>SKEL_DIR</replaceable> or
<filename>/etc/skel</filename> will be created in the user's
home directory as well. The <option>-k</option> option is only
valid in conjunction with the <option>-m</option> option. The
default is to not create the directory and to not copy any
files.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>
<option>-K</option>, <option>--key</option>
<term>
<option>-K</option>, <option>--key</option>
<replaceable>KEY</replaceable>=<replaceable>VALUE</replaceable>
</term>
<listitem>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>
Overrides /etc/login.defs defaults (UID_MIN, UID_MAX, UMASK, PASS_MAX_DAYS and
others). For example: <option>-K</option>
<replaceable>PASS_MAX_DAYS</replaceable>=<replaceable>-1</replaceable> can be
used when creating system account to turn off password ageing, even though
system account has no password at all. Multiple <option>-K</option> options can
be specified, e.g.: <option>-K</option>
Overrides /etc/login.defs defaults (UID_MIN, UID_MAX, UMASK,
PASS_MAX_DAYS and others).
<para>
</para>
Example: <option>-K </option><replaceable>PASS_MAX_DAYS</replaceable>=<replaceable>-1</replaceable>
can be used when creating system account to turn off password
ageing, even though system account has no password at all.
Multiple <option>-K</option> options can be specified, e.g.:
<option>-K </option>
<replaceable>UID_MIN</replaceable>=<replaceable>100</replaceable>
<option>-K</option> <replaceable>UID_MAX</replaceable>=<replaceable>499</replaceable>
<option> -K </option>
<replaceable>UID_MAX</replaceable>=<replaceable>499</replaceable>
</para>
<para>
Note: <option>-K</option>
Note: <option>-K </option>
<replaceable>UID_MIN</replaceable>=<replaceable>10</replaceable>,<replaceable>UID_MAX</replaceable>=<replaceable>499</replaceable>
doesn't work yet.
</para>
</listitem>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>
<option>-o</option>, <option>--non-unique</option>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>Allow create user account with duplicate (non-unique) UID.</para>
</listitem>
<term>
<option>-o</option>, <option>--non-unique</option>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>Allow create user account with duplicate (non-unique) UID.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>
<option>-p</option>, <option>--password</option>
<term>
<option>-p</option>, <option>--password</option>
<replaceable>PASSWORD</replaceable>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>
The encrypted password, as returned by <citerefentry>
<refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum>
</citerefentry>. The default is to disable the account.
</para>
</listitem>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>
The encrypted password, as returned by <citerefentry>
<refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum>
</citerefentry>. The default is to disable the account.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>
<option>-s</option>, <option>--shell</option>
<term>
<option>-s</option>, <option>--shell</option>
<replaceable>SHELL</replaceable>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>The name of the user's login shell. The default is to
leave this field
blank, which causes the system to select the default
login shell.
</para>
</listitem>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>
The name of the user's login shell. The default is to leave this
field blank, which causes the system to select the default login
shell.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>
<option>-u</option>, <option>--uid</option>
<term>
<option>-u</option>, <option>--uid</option>
<replaceable>UID</replaceable>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>The numerical value of the user's ID. This value must be
unique, unless the <option>-o</option> option is used. The value
must be non-negative. The default is to use the smallest ID
value greater than 999 and greater than every other user.
Values between 0 and 999 are typically reserved for system
accounts.
</para>
</listitem>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>
The numerical value of the user's ID. This value must be unique,
unless the <option>-o</option> option is used. The value must be
non-negative. The default is to use the smallest ID value
greater than 999 and greater than every other user. Values
between 0 and 999 are typically reserved for system accounts.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
<refsect2 id='changing_the_default_values'>
<title>Changing the default values</title>
<para>
When invoked with the <option>-D</option> option,
<command>useradd</command> will either display the current default
values, or update the default values from the command line. The
valid options are
When invoked with the <option>-D</option> option,
<command>useradd</command> will either display the current default
values, or update the default values from the command line. The
valid options are
</para>
<variablelist remap='IP'>
<varlistentry>
<term>
<option>-b</option> <replaceable>home_dir</replaceable>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>The initial path prefix for a new user's home directory.
The user's name will be affixed to the end of <emphasis
remap='I'>home</emphasis> to create the new directory name if
the <option>-d</option> option is not used when creating a new
account.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>
<option>-e</option> <replaceable>expire_date</replaceable>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>The date on which the user account is disabled.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>
<option>-f</option> <replaceable>inactive</replaceable>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>The number of days after a password has expired before the
account will be disabled.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>
<option>-g</option>, <option>--gid</option>
<varlistentry>
<term>
<option>-b</option> <replaceable>HOME_DIR</replaceable>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>
The initial path prefix for a new user's home directory. The
user's name will be affixed to the end of
<replaceable>HOME_DIR</replaceable> to create the new
directory name if the <option>-d</option> option is not used
when creating a new account.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>
<option>-e</option> <replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>The date on which the user account is disabled.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>
<option>-f</option> <replaceable>INACTIVE</replaceable>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>
The number of days after a password has expired before the
account will be disabled.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>
<option>-g</option>, <option>--gid</option>
<replaceable>GROUP</replaceable>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>The group name or ID for a new user's initial group. The
named group must exist, and a numerical group ID must have an
existing entry .
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>
<option>-s</option>, <option>--shell</option>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>
The group name or ID for a new user's initial group. The named
group must exist, and a numerical group ID must have an
existing entry.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>
<option>-s</option>, <option>--shell</option>
<replaceable>SHELL</replaceable>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>The name of the new user's login shell. The named program
will be used for all future new user accounts.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>
The name of the new user's login shell. The named program will
be used for all future new user accounts.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
<para>If no options are specified, <command>useradd</command>
displays the current default values.
<para>
If no options are specified, <command>useradd</command> displays the
current default values.
</para>
</refsect2>
</refsect1>
<refsect1 id='notes'>
<title>NOTES</title>
<para>The system administrator is responsible for placing the default
user files in the <filename>/etc/skel/</filename> directory.
</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1 id='caveats'>
<title>CAVEATS</title>
<para>You may not add a user to a NIS group. This must be performed on
the NIS server.
<para>
You may not add a user to a NIS group. This must be performed on the
NIS server.
</para>
<para>
Usernames must begin with a lower case letter or an underscore, and
only lower case letters, underscores, dashes, and dollar signs may
follow. In regular expression terms: [a-z_][a-z0-9_-]*[$]
</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1 id='files'>
<title>FILES</title>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><filename>/etc/passwd</filename></term>
<listitem>user account information</listitem>
<term><filename>/etc/passwd</filename></term>
<listitem>
<para>user account information</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><filename>/etc/shadow</filename></term>
<listitem>secure user account information</listitem>
<term><filename>/etc/shadow</filename></term>
<listitem>
<para>secure user account information</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><filename>/etc/group</filename></term>
<listitem>group account information</listitem>
<term><filename>/etc/group</filename></term>
<listitem>
<para>group account information</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename></term>
<listitem>default information</listitem>
<term><filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename></term>
<listitem>
<para>default information</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><filename>/etc/skel/</filename></term>
<listitem>directory containing default files</listitem>
<term><filename>/etc/skel/</filename></term>
<listitem>
<para>directory containing default files</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><filename>/etc/login.defs</filename></term>
<listitem>
<para>shadow password suite configuration</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
<refsect1 id='exit_values'>
<title>EXIT VALUES</title>
<para>
The <command>useadd</command> command exits with the following values:
The <command>useradd</command> command exits with the following values:
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><replaceable>0</replaceable></term>
<listitem>success</listitem>
<varlistentry>
<term><replaceable>0</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>success</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><replaceable>1</replaceable></term>
<listitem>can't update password file</listitem>
<varlistentry>
<term><replaceable>1</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>can't update password file</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><replaceable>2</replaceable></term>
<listitem>invalid command syntax</listitem>
<varlistentry>
<term><replaceable>2</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>invalid command syntax</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><replaceable>3</replaceable></term>
<listitem>invalid argument to option</listitem>
<varlistentry>
<term><replaceable>3</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>invalid argument to option</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><replaceable>4</replaceable></term>
<listitem>uid already in use (and no -o)</listitem>
<varlistentry>
<term><replaceable>4</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>uid already in use (and no <option>-o</option>)</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><replaceable>6</replaceable></term>
<listitem>specified group doesn't exist</listitem>
<varlistentry>
<term><replaceable>6</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>specified group doesn't exist</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><replaceable>9</replaceable></term>
<listitem>username already in use</listitem>
<varlistentry>
<term><replaceable>9</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>username already in use</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><replaceable>10</replaceable></term>
<listitem>can't update group file</listitem>
<varlistentry>
<term><replaceable>10</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>can't update group file</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><replaceable>12</replaceable></term>
<listitem>can't create home directory</listitem>
<varlistentry>
<term><replaceable>12</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>can't create home directory</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><replaceable>13</replaceable></term>
<listitem>can't create mail spool</listitem>
<varlistentry>
<term><replaceable>13</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>can't create mail spool</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</para>
@@ -408,36 +462,40 @@
<refsect1 id='see_also'>
<title>SEE ALSO</title>
<para><citerefentry>
<refentrytitle>chfn</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
<para>
<citerefentry>
<refentrytitle>chfn</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
</citerefentry>,
<citerefentry>
<refentrytitle>chsh</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
<refentrytitle>chsh</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
</citerefentry>,
<citerefentry>
<refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
<refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
</citerefentry>,
<citerefentry>
<refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum>
<refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum>
</citerefentry>,
<citerefentry>
<refentrytitle>groupadd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
<refentrytitle>groupadd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
</citerefentry>,
<citerefentry>
<refentrytitle>groupdel</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
<refentrytitle>groupdel</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
</citerefentry>,
<citerefentry>
<refentrytitle>groupmod</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
<refentrytitle>groupmod</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
</citerefentry>,
<citerefentry>
<refentrytitle>userdel</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
<refentrytitle>login.defs</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
</citerefentry>,
<citerefentry>
<refentrytitle>usermod</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
</citerefentry>
<refentrytitle>userdel</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
</citerefentry>,
<citerefentry>
<refentrytitle>usermod</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
</citerefentry>.
</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1 id='author'>
<title>AUTHOR</title>
<para>Julianne Frances Haugh (jockgrrl@ix.netcom.com)</para>