129 lines
5.2 KiB
Groff
129 lines
5.2 KiB
Groff
.\" $Id: login.1,v 1.23 2005/04/12 16:31:06 kloczek Exp $
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.\" Copyright 1989 - 1994, Julianne Frances Haugh
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. Neither the name of Julianne F. Haugh nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY JULIE HAUGH AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL JULIE HAUGH OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.TH LOGIN 1
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.SH NAME
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login \- begin session on the system
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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\fBlogin\fR [\fB\-p\fR] [\fIusername\fR] [\fIENV=VAR\fR ...]
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.br
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\fBlogin\fR [\fB\-p\fR] [\fB\-h\fR \fIhost\fR] [\fB\-f\fR \fIusername\fR]
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.br
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\fBlogin\fR [\fB\-p\fR] \fB\-r\fR \fIhost\fR
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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\fBlogin\fR is used to establish a new session with the system. It is
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normally invoked automatically by responding to the \fIlogin:\fR prompt on
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the user\'s terminal. fBlogin\fR may be special to the shell and may not be
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invoked as a sub\-process. Typically, \fBlogin\fR is treated by the shell as
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\fBexec login\fR which causes the user to exit from the current shell.
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Attempting to execute \fBlogin\fR from any shell but the login shell will
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produce an error message.
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.PP
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The user is then prompted for a password, where appropriate. Echoing is
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disabled to prevent revealing the password. Only a small number of password
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failures are permitted before \fBlogin\fR exits and the communications link
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is severed.
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.PP
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If password aging has been enabled for your account, you may be prompted for
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a new password before proceeding. You will be forced to provide your old
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password and the new password before continuing. Please refer to
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\fBpasswd\fR(1) for more information.
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.PP
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After a successful login, you will be informed of any system messages and
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the presence of mail. You may turn off the printing of the system message
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file, \fI/etc/motd\fR, by creating a zero\-length file \fI.hushlogin\fR in
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your login directory. The mail message will be one of "\fBYou have new
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mail.\fR", "\fBYou have mail.\fR", or "\fBNo Mail.\fR" according to the
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condition of your mailbox.
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.PP
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Your user and group ID will be set according to their values in
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the \fI/etc/passwd\fR file.
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The value for \fB$HOME\fR, \fB$SHELL\fR, \fB$PATH\fR, \fB$LOGNAME\fR,
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and \fB$MAIL\fR are set according to the appropriate fields in the
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password entry.
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Ulimit, umask and nice values may also be set according to
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entries in the GECOS field.
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.PP
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On some installations, the environmental variable \fB$TERM\fR will be
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initialized to the terminal type on your tty line, as specified in
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\fI/etc/ttytype\fR.
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.PP
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An initialization script for your command interpreter may also be
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executed.
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Please see the appropriate manual section for more information on
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this function.
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.PP
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A subsystem login is indicated by the presence of a "*" as the first
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character of the login shell. The given home directory will be used as
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the root of a new file system which the user is actually logged into.
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.SH OPTIONS
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.IP "\fB\-f\fR"
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Do not perform authentication, user is preauthenticated.
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.IP "\fB\-h\fR"
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Name of the remote host for this login.
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.IP "\fB\-p\fR"
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Preserve environment.
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.IP "\fB\-r\fR"
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Perform autologin protocol for rlogin.
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.PP
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The \fB\-r\fP, \fB\-h\fP and \fB\-f\fP options are only used when \fBlogin\fP is
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invoked by root.
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.SH CAVEATS
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This version of \fBlogin\fR has many compilation options, only some of which
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may be in use at any particular site.
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.PP
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The location of files is subject to differences in system configuration.
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.SH FILES
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\fI/var/run/utmp\fR \- list of current login sessions
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.br
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\fI/var/log/wtmp\fR \- list of previous login sessions
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.br
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\fI/etc/passwd\fR \- user account information
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.br
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\fI/etc/shadow\fR \- secure user account information
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.br
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\fI/etc/motd\fR \- system message file
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.br
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\fI/etc/nologin\fR \- prevent non\-root users from logging in
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.br
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\fI/etc/ttytype\fR \- list of terminal types
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.br
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\fI$HOME/.hushlogin\fR \- suppress printing of system messages
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.SH SEE ALSO
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.BR mail (1),
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.BR passwd (1),
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.BR sh (1),
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.BR su (1),
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.BR login.defs (5),
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.BR nologin (5),
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.BR passwd (5),
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.BR getty (8)
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.SH AUTHOR
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Julianne Frances Haugh <jockgrrl@ix.netcom.com>
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