308 lines
9.2 KiB
XML
308 lines
9.2 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<refentry id='usermod.8'>
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<!-- $Id$ -->
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<refmeta>
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<refentrytitle>usermod</refentrytitle>
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<manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
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<refmiscinfo class="sectdesc">System Management Commands</refmiscinfo>
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</refmeta>
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<refnamediv id='name'>
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<refname>usermod</refname>
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<refpurpose>modify a user account</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<refsynopsisdiv id='synopsis'>
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<cmdsynopsis>
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<command>usermod</command>
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<arg choice='opt'>
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<replaceable>options</replaceable>
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</arg>
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<arg choice='plain'><replaceable>LOGIN</replaceable></arg>
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</cmdsynopsis>
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</refsynopsisdiv>
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<refsect1 id='description'>
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<title>DESCRIPTION</title>
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<para>
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The <command>usermod</command> command modifies the system account
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files to reflect the changes that are specified on the command line.
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</para>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1 id='options'>
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<title>OPTIONS</title>
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<para>
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The options which apply to the <command>usermod</command> command
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are:
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</para>
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<variablelist remap='IP'>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>
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<option>-a</option>, <option>--append</option>
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</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Add the user to the supplemental group(s). Use only with
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<option>-G</option> option.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>
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<option>-c</option>, <option>--comment</option>
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<replaceable>COMMENT</replaceable>
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</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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The new value of the user's password file comment field. It is
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normally modified using the <citerefentry>
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<refentrytitle>chfn</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
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</citerefentry> utility.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>
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<option>-d</option>, <option>--home</option>
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<replaceable>HOME_DIR</replaceable>
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</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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The user's new login directory. If the <option>-m</option>
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option is given the contents of the current home directory will
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be moved to the new home directory, which is created if it does
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not already exist.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>
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<option>-e</option>, <option>--expiredate</option>
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<replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable>
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</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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The date on which the user account will be disabled. The date is
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specified in the format <emphasis remap='I'>YYYY-MM-DD</emphasis>.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>
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<option>-f</option>, <option>--inactive</option>
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<replaceable>INACTIVE</replaceable>
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</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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The number of days after a password expires until the account is
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permanently disabled. A value of 0 disables the account as soon
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as the password has expired, and a value of -1 disables the
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feature. The default value is -1.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>
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<option>-g</option>, <option>--gid</option>
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<replaceable>GROUP</replaceable>
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</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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The group name or number of the user's new initial login group.
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The group name must exist. A group number must refer to an
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already existing group. The default group number is 1.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>
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<option>-G</option>, <option>--groups</option>
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<replaceable>GROUP1</replaceable>[<emphasis remap='I'>,GROUP2,...</emphasis>[<emphasis remap='I'>,GROUPN</emphasis>]]]
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</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member
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of. Each group is separated from the next by a comma, with no
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intervening whitespace. The groups are subject to the same
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restrictions as the group given with the <option>-g</option>
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option. If the user is currently a member of a group which is
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not listed, the user will be removed from the group. This
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behaviour can be changed via the <option>-a</option> option, which
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appends the user to the current supplementary group list.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>
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<option>-l</option>, <option>--login</option>
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<replaceable>NEW_LOGIN</replaceable>
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</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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The name of the user will be changed from <emphasis
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remap='I'>LOGIN</emphasis> to <emphasis
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remap='I'>NEW_LOGIN</emphasis>. Nothing else is changed. In
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particular, the user's home directory name should probably be
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changed manually to reflect the new login name.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>
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<option>-L</option>, <option>--lock</option>
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</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Lock a user's password. This puts a '!' in front of the
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encrypted password, effectively disabling the password. You
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can't use this option with <option>-p</option> or
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<option>-U</option>.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>
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<option>-o</option>, <option>--non-unique</option>
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</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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When used with the <option>-u</option> option, this option
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allows to change the user ID to a non-unique value.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>
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<option>-p</option>, <option>--password</option>
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<replaceable>PASSWORD</replaceable>
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</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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The encrypted password, as returned by <citerefentry>
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<refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum>
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</citerefentry>.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>
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<option>-s</option>, <option>--shell</option>
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<replaceable>SHELL</replaceable>
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</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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The name of the user's new login shell. Setting this field to
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blank causes the system to select the default login shell.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>
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<option>-u</option>, <option>--uid</option>
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<replaceable>UID</replaceable>
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</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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The numerical value of the user's ID. This value must be unique,
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unless the <option>-o</option> option is used. The value must be
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non-negative. Values between 0 and 999 are typically reserved
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for system accounts. Any files which the user owns and which are
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located in the directory tree rooted at the user's home
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directory will have the file user ID changed automatically.
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Files outside of the user's home directory must be altered
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manually.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>
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<option>-U</option>, <option>--unlock</option>
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</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Unlock a user's password. This removes the '!' in front of the
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encrypted password. You can't use this option with
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<option>-p</option> or <option>-L</option>.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1 id='caveats'>
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<title>CAVEATS</title>
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<para>
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<command>usermod</command> will not allow you to change the name of a
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user who is logged in. You must make certain that the named user is
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not executing any processes when this command is being executed if the
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user's numerical user ID is being changed. You must change the owner
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of any <command>crontab</command> files manually. You must change
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the owner of any <command>at</command> jobs manually. You must make
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any changes involving NIS on the NIS server.
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</para>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1 id='files'>
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<title>FILES</title>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><filename>/etc/group</filename></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Group account information.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><filename>/etc/passwd</filename></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>User account information.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><filename>/etc/shadow</filename></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Secure user account information.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1 id='see_also'>
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<title>SEE ALSO</title>
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<para>
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<citerefentry>
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<refentrytitle>chfn</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
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</citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry>
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<refentrytitle>chsh</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
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</citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry>
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<refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
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</citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry>
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<refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum>
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</citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry>
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<refentrytitle>gpasswd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
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</citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry>
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<refentrytitle>groupadd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
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</citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry>
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<refentrytitle>groupdel</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
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</citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry>
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<refentrytitle>groupmod</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
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</citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry>
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<refentrytitle>login.defs</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
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</citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry>
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<refentrytitle>useradd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
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</citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry>
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<refentrytitle>userdel</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
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</citerefentry>.
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</para>
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</refsect1>
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</refentry>
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