e15fbb905c
variable: MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP. Used for the split groups support. * lib/commonio.c, lib/commonio.h: Add an open_hook and close_hook operation. They are called after the database is actually opened and parse, or before it is closed. * lib/groupio.c: Add an open_hook to merge split groups, and an close group to split groups if MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP is set. This fixes gpasswd and chgpasswd when split groups are used. * lib/sgroupio.c, lib/shadowio.c, lib/pwio.c: No open or close hooks for these databases. (unsure about what should be the gshadow behavior for split groups)
387 lines
12 KiB
XML
387 lines
12 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<refentry id='login.defs.5'>
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<!-- $Id$ -->
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<refmeta>
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<refentrytitle>login.defs</refentrytitle>
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<manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
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<refmiscinfo class="sectdesc">File Formats and Conversions</refmiscinfo>
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</refmeta>
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<refnamediv id='name'>
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<refname>login.defs</refname>
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<refpurpose>shadow password suite configuration</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<refsect1 id='description'>
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<title>DESCRIPTION</title>
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<para>
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The <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename> file defines the
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site-specific configuration for the shadow password suite. This file
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is required. Absence of this file will not prevent system operation,
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but will probably result in undesirable operation.
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</para>
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<para>
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This file is a readable text file, each line of the file describing
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one configuration parameter. The lines consist of a configuration name
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and value, separated by whitespace. Blank lines and comment lines are
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ignored. Comments are introduced with a "#" pound sign and the pound
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sign must be the first non-white character of the line.
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</para>
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<para>
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Parameter values may be of four types: strings, booleans, numbers, and
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long numbers. A string is comprised of any printable characters. A
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boolean should be either the value "yes" or "no". An undefined boolean
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parameter or one with a value other than these will be given a "no"
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value. Numbers (both regular and long) may be either decimal values,
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octal values (precede the value with "0") or hexadecimal values
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(precede the value with "0x"). The maximum value of the regular and
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long numeric parameters is machine-dependent.
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</para>
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<para>The following configuration items are provided:</para>
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<variablelist remap='IP'>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>CHFN_AUTH (boolean)</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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If <emphasis remap='I'>yes</emphasis>, the
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<command>chfn</command> and <command>chsh</command> programs
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will require authentication before making any changes, unless
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run by the superuser.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>CHFN_RESTRICT (string)</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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This parameter specifies which values in the <emphasis
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remap='I'>gecos</emphasis> field of the
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<filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file may be changed by regular
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users using the <command>chfn</command> program. It can be any
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combination of letters <emphasis remap='I'>f</emphasis>
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,<emphasis remap='I'>r</emphasis>, <emphasis remap='I'>w</emphasis>,
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<emphasis remap='I'>h</emphasis>, for Full name, Room number,
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Work phone, and Home phone, respectively. For backward
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compatibility, "yes" is equivalent to "rwh" and "no" is
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equivalent to "frwh". If not specified, only the superuser can
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make any changes. The most restrictive setting is better
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achieved by not installing <filename>chfn</filename> SUID.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>ENCRYPT_METHOD (string)</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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If set to MD5, the MD5-based algorithm will be used for
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encrypting passwords.
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</para>
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<para>
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If set to SHA256, the SHA256-based algorithm will be used for
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encrypting passwords.
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</para>
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<para>
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If set to SHA512, the SHA512-based algorithm will be used for
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encrypting passwords.
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</para>
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<para>
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If set to DES, the DES-based algorithm will be used for
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encrypting passwords. It is the default algorithm.
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</para>
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<para>
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Note: this parameter overrides the MD5_CRYPT_ENAB option.
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</para>
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<para>
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Note: if you use PAM, it is recommended to set this variable
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consistently with the PAM modules configuration.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>GID_MAX (number)</term>
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<term>GID_MIN (number)</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Range of group IDs to choose from for the
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<command>useradd</command> and <command>groupadd</command>
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programs.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>MAIL_DIR (string)</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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The mail spool directory. This is needed to manipulate the
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mailbox when its corresponding user account is modified or
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deleted. If not specified, a compile-time default is used.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP (number)</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Maximum members per group entry. When the maximum is reached,
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a new group entry (line) is started is
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<filename>/etc/group</filename> (with the same name, same
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password, and same GID).
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</para>
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<para>
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The default value is 0, meaning that there are no limits in
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the number of members in a group.
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</para>
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<!-- Note: on HP, split groups have the same ID, but different
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names. -->
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<para>
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This feature (split group) permits to limit the length of
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lines in the group file. This is useful to make sure that
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lines for NIS groups are not larger than 1024 characters.
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</para>
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<para>
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If you need to enforce such limit, you can use 25.
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</para>
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<para>
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Note: split groups may not be supported by all tools (even in
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the Shadow toolsuite. Yous hould not use this variable unless
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you really need it.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>MD5_CRYPT_ENAB (boolean)</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Indicate if passwords must be encrypted using the MD5-based
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algorithm. If set to "yes", new passwords will be encrypted
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using the MD5-based algorithm compatible with the one used by
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recent releases of FreeBSD. It supports passwords of
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unlimited length and longer salt strings. Set to "no" if you
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need to copy encrypted passwords to other systems which don't
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understand the new algorithm. Default is "no".
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</para>
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<para>
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This variable is deprecated. You should use ENCRYPT_METHOD.
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</para>
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<para>
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Note: if you use PAM, it is recommended to set this variable
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consistently with the PAM modules configuration.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>PASS_MAX_DAYS (number)</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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The maximum number of days a password may be used. If the
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password is older than this, a password change will be forced.
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If not specified, -1 will be assumed (which disables the
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restriction).
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>PASS_MIN_DAYS (number)</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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The minimum number of days allowed between password changes.
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Any password changes attempted sooner than this will be
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rejected. If not specified, -1 will be assumed (which disables
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the restriction).
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>PASS_WARN_AGE (number)</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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The number of days warning given before a password expires. A
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zero means warning is given only upon the day of expiration, a
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negative value means no warning is given. If not specified, no
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warning will be provided.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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<para>
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PASS_MAX_DAYS, PASS_MIN_DAYS and PASS_WARN_AGE are only used at the
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time of account creation. Any changes to these settings won't affect
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existing accounts.
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</para>
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<variablelist remap='IP'>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS (number)</term>
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<term>SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS (number)</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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When ENCRYPT_METHOD is set to SHA256 or SHA512, this defines
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the number of SHA rounds used by the encryption algorithm.
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</para>
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<para>
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With a lot of rounds, it is more difficult to brute forcing
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the password. But note also that more CPU resources will be
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needed to authenticate users.
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</para>
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<para>
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If not specified, the libc will choose the default number of rounds
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(5000).
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</para>
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<para>
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The values must be inside the 1000-999999999 range.
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</para>
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<para>
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If only one of the MIN or MAX values is set, then this value will be
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used.
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</para>
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<para>
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If MIN > MAX, the highest value will be used.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>UID_MAX (number)</term>
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<term>UID_MIN (number)</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Range of user IDs to choose from for the
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<command>useradd</command> program.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>UMASK (number)</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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The permission mask is initialized to this value. If not
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specified, the permission mask will be initialized to 022.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>USERDEL_CMD (string)</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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If defined, this command is run when removing a user. It should
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remove any at/cron/print jobs etc. owned by the user to be
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removed (passed as the first argument).
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1 id='cross_reference'>
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<title>CROSS REFERENCE</title>
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<para>
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The following cross reference shows which programs in the shadow
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password suite use which parameters.
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</para>
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<!-- .na -->
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<variablelist remap='IP'>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>chfn</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>CHFN_AUTH CHFN_RESTRICT</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>chsh</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>CHFN_AUTH</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>groupadd</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>GID_MAX GID_MIN</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>newusers</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>PASS_MAX_DAYS PASS_MIN_DAYS PASS_WARN_AGE
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UMASK
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>pwconv</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>PASS_MAX_DAYS PASS_MIN_DAYS PASS_WARN_AGE</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>useradd</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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GID_MAX GID_MIN
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PASS_MAX_DAYS PASS_MIN_DAYS PASS_WARN_AGE
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UID_MAX UID_MIN
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UMASK
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>userdel</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>MAIL_DIR
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USERDEL_CMD
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>usermod</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>MAIL_DIR</para>
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<!-- .ad -->
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</refsect1>
|
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<refsect1 id='bugs'>
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<title>BUGS</title>
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<para>
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Much of the functionality that used to be provided by the shadow
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password suite is now handled by PAM. Thus,
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<filename>/etc/login.defs</filename> is no longer used by programs
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such as: <citerefentry>
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<refentrytitle>login</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
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</citerefentry>, <citerefentry>
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<refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
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</citerefentry>, <citerefentry>
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<refentrytitle>su</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
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</citerefentry>. Please refer to the corresponding PAM configuration
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files instead.
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</para>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1 id='see_also'>
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<title>SEE ALSO</title>
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<para>
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<citerefentry>
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<refentrytitle>login</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
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</citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry>
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<refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
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</citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry>
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<refentrytitle>su</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
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</citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry>
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<refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
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</citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry>
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<refentrytitle>shadow</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
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</citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry>
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<refentrytitle>pam</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
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</citerefentry>.
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</para>
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</refsect1>
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</refentry>
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