145 lines
4.4 KiB
Groff
145 lines
4.4 KiB
Groff
.\" ** You probably do not want to edit this file directly **
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.\" It was generated using the DocBook XSL Stylesheets (version 1.69.0).
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.\" Instead of manually editing it, you probably should edit the DocBook XML
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.\" source for it and then use the DocBook XSL Stylesheets to regenerate it.
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.TH "LOGIN" "1" "08/03/2005" "User Commands" "User Commands"
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.\" disable hyphenation
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.nh
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.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
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.ad l
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.SH "NAME"
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login \- begin session on the system
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.SH "SYNOPSIS"
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.HP 6
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\fBlogin\fR [\-p] [\fIusername\fR] [\fIENV=VAR\fR...]
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.HP 6
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\fBlogin\fR [\-p] [\-h\ \fIhost\fR] [\-f\ \fIusername\fR]
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.HP 6
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\fBlogin\fR [\-p] \-r\ \fIhost\fR
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.SH "DESCRIPTION"
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.PP
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\fBlogin\fR
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is used to establish a new session with the system. It is normally invoked automatically by responding to the
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\fIlogin:\fR
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prompt on the user\(aas terminal.
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\fBlogin\fR
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may be special to the shell and may not be invoked as a sub\-process. Typically,
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\fBlogin\fR
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is treated by the shell as
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\fIexec login\fR
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which causes the user to exit from the current shell. Attempting to execute
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\fBlogin\fR
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from any shell but the login shell will produce an error message.
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.PP
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The user is then prompted for a password, where appropriate. Echoing is disabled to prevent revealing the password. Only a small number of password failures are permitted before
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\fBlogin\fR
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exits and the communications link is severed.
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.PP
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If password aging has been enabled for your account, you may be prompted for a new password before proceeding. You will be forced to provide your old password and the new password before continuing. Please refer to
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\fBpasswd\fR(1)
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for more information.
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.PP
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After a successful login, you will be informed of any system messages and the presence of mail. You may turn off the printing of the system message file,
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\fI/etc/motd\fR, by creating a zero\-length file
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.hushlogin
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in your login directory. The mail message will be one of "\fIYou have new mail.\fR
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", "\fIYou have mail.\fR", or "\fINo Mail.\fR
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"according to the condition of your mailbox.
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.PP
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Your user and group ID will be set according to their values in the
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\fI/etc/passwd\fR
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file. The value for
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\fI$HOME\fR,
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\fI$SHELL\fR,
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\fI$PATH\fR,
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\fI$LOGNAME\fR, and
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\fI$MAIL\fR
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are set according to the appropriate fields in the password entry. Ulimit, umask and nice values may also be set according to entries in the GECOS field.
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.PP
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On some installations, the environmental variable
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\fI$TERM\fR
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will be initialized to the terminal type on your tty line, as specified in
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\fI/etc/ttytype\fR.
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.PP
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An initialization script for your command interpreter may also be executed. Please see the appropriate manual section for more information on this function.
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.PP
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A subsystem login is indicated by the presence of a "*" as the first character of the login shell. The given home directory will be used as the root of a new file system which the user is actually logged into.
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.PP
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The
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\fBlogin\fR
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program is NOT responsible for removing users from the utmp file. It is the responsibility of
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getty(8)
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and
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init(8)
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to clean up apparent ownership of a terminal session. If you use
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\fBlogin\fR
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from the shell prompt without
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\fBexec\fR, the user you use will continue to appear to be logged in even after you log out of the "subsession".
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.SH "OPTIONS"
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.TP
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\fB\-f\fR
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Do not perform authentication, user is preauthenticated.
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.TP
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\fB\-h\fR
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Name of the remote host for this login.
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.TP
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\fB\-p\fR
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Preserve environment.
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.TP
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\fB\-r\fR
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Perform autologin protocol for rlogin.
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.PP
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The
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\fB\-r\fR,
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\fB\-h\fR
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and
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\fB\-f\fR
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options are only used when
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\fBlogin\fR
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is invoked by root.
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.SH "CAVEATS"
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.PP
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This version of
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\fBlogin\fR
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has many compilation options, only some of which may be in use at any particular site.
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.PP
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The location of files is subject to differences in system configuration.
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.SH "FILES"
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.TP
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\fI/var/run/utmp\fR
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list of current login sessions
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.TP
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\fI/var/log/wtmp\fR
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list of previous login sessions
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.TP
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\fI/etc/passwd\fR
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user account information
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.TP
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\fI/etc/shadow\fR
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secure user account information
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.TP
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\fI/etc/motd\fR
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system message of the day file
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.TP
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\fI/etc/nologin\fR
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prevent non\-root users from logging in
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.TP
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\fI/etc/ttytype\fR
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list of terminal types
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.TP
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\fI$HOME/.hushlogin\fR
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suppress printing of system messages
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.SH "SEE ALSO"
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.PP
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\fBmail\fR(1),
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\fBpasswd\fR(1),
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\fBsh\fR(1),
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\fBsu\fR(1),
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\fBlogin.defs\fR(5),
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\fBnologin\fR(5),
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\fBpasswd\fR(5),
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\fBgetty\fR(8)
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.SH "AUTHOR"
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.PP
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Julianne Frances Haugh <jockgrrl@ix.netcom.com>
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