busybox/init/init.c

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/* vi: set sw=4 ts=4: */
1999-10-21 03:38:37 +05:30
/*
* Mini init implementation for busybox
*
* Copyright (C) 1995, 1996 by Bruce Perens <bruce@pixar.com>.
* Copyright (C) 1999-2004 by Erik Andersen <andersen@codepoet.org>
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* Adjusted by so many folks, it's impossible to keep track.
*
* Licensed under GPLv2 or later, see file LICENSE in this source tree.
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*/
//config:config INIT
//config: bool "init (10 kb)"
//config: default y
//config: select FEATURE_SYSLOG
//config: help
//config: init is the first program run when the system boots.
//config:
//config:config LINUXRC
//config: bool "linuxrc: support running init from initrd (not initramfs)"
//config: default y
//config: select FEATURE_SYSLOG
//config: help
//config: Legacy support for running init under the old-style initrd. Allows
//config: the name linuxrc to act as init, and it doesn't assume init is PID 1.
//config:
//config: This does not apply to initramfs, which runs /init as PID 1 and
//config: requires no special support.
//config:
//config:config FEATURE_USE_INITTAB
//config: bool "Support reading an inittab file"
//config: default y
//config: depends on INIT || LINUXRC
//config: help
//config: Allow init to read an inittab file when the system boot.
//config:
//config:config FEATURE_KILL_REMOVED
//config: bool "Support killing processes that have been removed from inittab"
//config: default n
//config: depends on FEATURE_USE_INITTAB
//config: help
//config: When respawn entries are removed from inittab and a SIGHUP is
//config: sent to init, this option will make init kill the processes
//config: that have been removed.
//config:
//config:config FEATURE_KILL_DELAY
//config: int "How long to wait between TERM and KILL (0 - send TERM only)" if FEATURE_KILL_REMOVED
//config: range 0 1024
//config: default 0
//config: depends on FEATURE_KILL_REMOVED
//config: help
//config: With nonzero setting, init sends TERM, forks, child waits N
//config: seconds, sends KILL and exits. Setting it too high is unwise
//config: (child will hang around for too long and could actually kill
//config: the wrong process!)
//config:
//config:config FEATURE_INIT_SCTTY
//config: bool "Run commands with leading dash with controlling tty"
//config: default y
//config: depends on INIT || LINUXRC
//config: help
//config: If this option is enabled, init will try to give a controlling
//config: tty to any command which has leading hyphen (often it's "-/bin/sh").
//config: More precisely, init will do "ioctl(STDIN_FILENO, TIOCSCTTY, 0)".
//config: If device attached to STDIN_FILENO can be a ctty but is not yet
//config: a ctty for other session, it will become this process' ctty.
//config: This is not the traditional init behavour, but is often what you want
//config: in an embedded system where the console is only accessed during
//config: development or for maintenance.
//config: NB: using cttyhack applet may work better.
//config:
//config:config FEATURE_INIT_SYSLOG
//config: bool "Enable init to write to syslog"
//config: default y
//config: depends on INIT || LINUXRC
//config: help
//config: If selected, some init messages are sent to syslog.
//config: Otherwise, they are sent to VT #5 if linux virtual tty is detected
//config: (if not, no separate logging is done).
//config:
//config:config FEATURE_INIT_QUIET
//config: bool "Be quiet on boot (no 'init started:' message)"
//config: default y
//config: depends on INIT || LINUXRC
//config:
//config:config FEATURE_INIT_COREDUMPS
//config: bool "Support dumping core for child processes (debugging only)"
//config: default n # not Y because this is a debug option
//config: depends on INIT || LINUXRC
//config: help
//config: If this option is enabled and the file /.init_enable_core
//config: exists, then init will call setrlimit() to allow unlimited
//config: core file sizes. If this option is disabled, processes
//config: will not generate any core files.
//config:
//config:config INIT_TERMINAL_TYPE
//config: string "Initial terminal type"
//config: default "linux"
//config: depends on INIT || LINUXRC
//config: help
//config: This is the initial value set by init for the TERM environment
//config: variable. This variable is used by programs which make use of
//config: extended terminal capabilities.
//config:
//config: Note that on Linux, init attempts to detect serial terminal and
//config: sets TERM to "vt102" if one is found.
//config:
//config:config FEATURE_INIT_MODIFY_CMDLINE
//config: bool "Clear init's command line"
//config: default y
//config: depends on INIT || LINUXRC
//config: help
//config: When launched as PID 1 and after parsing its arguments, init
//config: wipes all the arguments but argv[0] and rewrites argv[0] to
//config: contain only "init", so that its command line appears solely as
//config: "init" in tools such as ps.
//config: If this option is set to Y, init will keep its original behavior,
//config: otherwise, all the arguments including argv[0] will be preserved,
//config: be they parsed or ignored by init.
//config: The original command-line used to launch init can then be
//config: retrieved in /proc/1/cmdline on Linux, for example.
//applet:IF_INIT(APPLET(init, BB_DIR_SBIN, BB_SUID_DROP))
//applet:IF_LINUXRC(APPLET_ODDNAME(linuxrc, init, BB_DIR_ROOT, BB_SUID_DROP, linuxrc))
//kbuild:lib-$(CONFIG_INIT) += init.o
//kbuild:lib-$(CONFIG_LINUXRC) += init.o
#define DEBUG_SEGV_HANDLER 0
#include "libbb.h"
#include "common_bufsiz.h"
#include <syslog.h>
#ifdef __linux__
# include <linux/vt.h>
# include <sys/sysinfo.h>
#endif
#include "reboot.h" /* reboot() constants */
#if DEBUG_SEGV_HANDLER
# undef _GNU_SOURCE
# define _GNU_SOURCE 1
# undef __USE_GNU
# define __USE_GNU 1
# include <execinfo.h>
# include <sys/ucontext.h>
#endif
/* Was a CONFIG_xxx option. A lot of people were building
* not fully functional init by switching it on! */
#define DEBUG_INIT 0
#define CONSOLE_NAME_SIZE 32
/* Default sysinit script. */
#ifndef INIT_SCRIPT
# define INIT_SCRIPT "/etc/init.d/rcS"
#endif
/* Each type of actions can appear many times. They will be
* handled in order. RESTART is an exception, only 1st is used.
*/
/* Start these actions first and wait for completion */
#define SYSINIT 0x01
/* Start these after SYSINIT and wait for completion */
#define WAIT 0x02
/* Start these after WAIT and *dont* wait for completion */
#define ONCE 0x04
/*
* NB: while SYSINIT/WAIT/ONCE are being processed,
* SIGHUP ("reread /etc/inittab") will be processed only after
* each group of actions. If new inittab adds, say, a SYSINIT action,
* it will not be run, since init is already "past SYSINIT stage".
*/
/* Start these after ONCE are started, restart on exit */
#define RESPAWN 0x08
/* Like RESPAWN, but wait for <Enter> to be pressed on tty */
#define ASKFIRST 0x10
/*
* Start these on SIGINT, and wait for completion.
* Then go back to respawning RESPAWN and ASKFIRST actions.
* NB: kernel sends SIGINT to us if Ctrl-Alt-Del was pressed.
*/
#define CTRLALTDEL 0x20
/*
* Start these before killing all processes in preparation for
* running RESTART actions or doing low-level halt/reboot/poweroff
* (initiated by SIGUSR1/SIGTERM/SIGUSR2).
* Wait for completion before proceeding.
*/
#define SHUTDOWN 0x40
/*
* exec() on SIGQUIT. SHUTDOWN actions are started and waited for,
* then all processes are killed, then init exec's 1st RESTART action,
* replacing itself by it. If no RESTART action specified,
* SIGQUIT has no effect.
*/
#define RESTART 0x80
/* A linked list of init_actions, to be read from inittab */
struct init_action {
struct init_action *next;
pid_t pid;
uint8_t action_type;
char terminal[CONSOLE_NAME_SIZE];
char command[1];
};
struct globals {
struct init_action *init_action_list;
#if !ENABLE_FEATURE_INIT_SYSLOG
const char *log_console;
#endif
} FIX_ALIASING;
#define G (*(struct globals*)bb_common_bufsiz1)
#define INIT_G() do { \
setup_common_bufsiz(); \
IF_NOT_FEATURE_INIT_SYSLOG(G.log_console = VC_5;) \
} while (0)
enum {
L_LOG = 0x1,
L_CONSOLE = 0x2,
};
/* Print a message to the specified device.
* "where" may be bitwise-or'd from L_LOG | L_CONSOLE
* NB: careful, we can be called after vfork!
*/
#define dbg_message(...) do { if (DEBUG_INIT) message(__VA_ARGS__); } while (0)
static void message(int where, const char *fmt, ...)
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__attribute__ ((format(printf, 2, 3)));
static void message(int where, const char *fmt, ...)
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{
va_list arguments;
unsigned l;
char msg[128];
msg[0] = '\r';
va_start(arguments, fmt);
l = 1 + vsnprintf(msg + 1, sizeof(msg) - 2, fmt, arguments);
if (l > sizeof(msg) - 2)
l = sizeof(msg) - 2;
va_end(arguments);
#if ENABLE_FEATURE_INIT_SYSLOG
msg[l] = '\0';
if (where & L_LOG) {
/* Log the message to syslogd */
openlog(applet_name, 0, LOG_DAEMON);
/* don't print "\r" */
syslog(LOG_INFO, "%s", msg + 1);
closelog();
}
msg[l++] = '\n';
msg[l] = '\0';
#else
msg[l++] = '\n';
msg[l] = '\0';
if (where & L_LOG) {
/* Take full control of the log tty, and never close it.
* It's mine, all mine! Muhahahaha! */
static int log_fd = -1;
if (log_fd < 0) {
log_fd = STDERR_FILENO;
if (G.log_console) {
log_fd = device_open(G.log_console, O_WRONLY | O_NONBLOCK | O_NOCTTY);
if (log_fd < 0) {
bb_error_msg("can't log to %s", G.log_console);
where = L_CONSOLE;
} else {
close_on_exec_on(log_fd);
}
}
}
full_write(log_fd, msg, l);
if (log_fd == STDERR_FILENO)
return; /* don't print dup messages */
}
#endif
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if (where & L_CONSOLE) {
/* Send console messages to console so people will see them. */
full_write(STDERR_FILENO, msg, l);
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}
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}
static void console_init(void)
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{
#ifdef VT_OPENQRY
int vtno;
#endif
char *s;
s = getenv("CONSOLE");
if (!s)
s = getenv("console");
#if defined(__FreeBSD__) || defined(__FreeBSD_kernel__)
/* BSD people say their kernels do not open fd 0,1,2; they need this: */
if (!s)
s = (char*)"/dev/console";
#endif
if (s) {
int fd = open(s, O_RDWR | O_NONBLOCK | O_NOCTTY);
if (fd >= 0) {
dup2(fd, STDIN_FILENO);
dup2(fd, STDOUT_FILENO);
xmove_fd(fd, STDERR_FILENO);
}
dbg_message(L_LOG, "console='%s'", s);
} else {
/* Make sure fd 0,1,2 are not closed
* (so that they won't be used by future opens) */
bb_sanitize_stdio();
// Users report problems
// /* Make sure init can't be blocked by writing to stderr */
// fcntl(STDERR_FILENO, F_SETFL, fcntl(STDERR_FILENO, F_GETFL) | O_NONBLOCK);
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}
s = getenv("TERM");
#ifdef VT_OPENQRY
if (ioctl(STDIN_FILENO, VT_OPENQRY, &vtno) != 0) {
/* Not a linux terminal, probably serial console.
* Force the TERM setting to vt102
* if TERM is set to linux (the default) */
if (!s || strcmp(s, "linux") == 0)
putenv((char*)"TERM=vt102");
# if !ENABLE_FEATURE_INIT_SYSLOG
G.log_console = NULL;
# endif
} else
#endif
if (!s)
putenv((char*)"TERM=" CONFIG_INIT_TERMINAL_TYPE);
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}
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/* Set terminal settings to reasonable defaults.
* NB: careful, we can be called after vfork! */
static void set_sane_term(void)
{
struct termios tty;
if (tcgetattr(STDIN_FILENO, &tty) != 0)
return;
/* set control chars */
tty.c_cc[VINTR] = 3; /* C-c */
tty.c_cc[VQUIT] = 28; /* C-\ */
tty.c_cc[VERASE] = 127; /* C-? */
tty.c_cc[VKILL] = 21; /* C-u */
tty.c_cc[VEOF] = 4; /* C-d */
tty.c_cc[VSTART] = 17; /* C-q */
tty.c_cc[VSTOP] = 19; /* C-s */
tty.c_cc[VSUSP] = 26; /* C-z */
#ifdef __linux__
/* use line discipline 0 */
tty.c_line = 0;
#endif
/* Make it be sane */
/* On systems where the baud rate is stored in a separate field, we can safely disable these. */
#ifndef CBAUD
# define CBAUD 0
# define CBAUDEX 0
#endif
/* Added CRTSCTS to fix Debian bug 528560 */
#ifndef CRTSCTS
# define CRTSCTS 0
#endif
tty.c_cflag &= CBAUD | CBAUDEX | CSIZE | CSTOPB | PARENB | PARODD | CRTSCTS;
tty.c_cflag |= CREAD | HUPCL | CLOCAL;
/* input modes */
tty.c_iflag = ICRNL | IXON | IXOFF;
/* output modes */
tty.c_oflag = OPOST | ONLCR;
/* local modes */
tty.c_lflag = ISIG | ICANON | ECHO | ECHOE | ECHOK | ECHOCTL | ECHOKE | IEXTEN;
tcsetattr_stdin_TCSANOW(&tty);
}
/* Open the new terminal device.
* NB: careful, we can be called after vfork! */
static int open_stdio_to_tty(const char* tty_name)
{
/* empty tty_name means "use init's tty", else... */
if (tty_name[0]) {
int fd;
close(STDIN_FILENO);
/* fd can be only < 0 or 0: */
fd = device_open(tty_name, O_RDWR);
if (fd) {
message(L_LOG | L_CONSOLE, "can't open %s: "STRERROR_FMT,
tty_name
STRERROR_ERRNO
);
return 0; /* failure */
}
dup2(STDIN_FILENO, STDOUT_FILENO);
dup2(STDIN_FILENO, STDERR_FILENO);
}
set_sane_term();
return 1; /* success */
}
static void reset_sighandlers_and_unblock_sigs(void)
{
bb_signals(0
+ (1 << SIGUSR1)
+ (1 << SIGUSR2)
+ (1 << SIGTERM)
+ (1 << SIGQUIT)
+ (1 << SIGINT)
+ (1 << SIGHUP)
+ (1 << SIGTSTP)
+ (1 << SIGSTOP)
, SIG_DFL);
sigprocmask_allsigs(SIG_UNBLOCK);
}
/* Wrapper around exec:
* Takes string.
* If chars like '>' detected, execs '[-]/bin/sh -c "exec ......."'.
* Otherwise splits words on whitespace, deals with leading dash,
* and uses plain exec().
* NB: careful, we can be called after vfork!
*/
static void init_exec(const char *command)
{
/* +8 allows to write VLA sizes below more efficiently: */
unsigned command_size = strlen(command) + 8;
/* strlen(command) + strlen("exec ")+1: */
char buf[command_size];
/* strlen(command) / 2 + 4: */
char *cmd[command_size / 2];
int dash;
dash = (command[0] == '-' /* maybe? && command[1] == '/' */);
command += dash;
/* See if any special /bin/sh requiring characters are present */
if (strpbrk(command, "~`!$^&*()=|\\{}[];\"'<>?") != NULL) {
sprintf(buf, "exec %s", command); /* excluding "-" */
/* NB: LIBBB_DEFAULT_LOGIN_SHELL define has leading dash */
cmd[0] = (char*)(LIBBB_DEFAULT_LOGIN_SHELL + !dash);
cmd[1] = (char*)"-c";
cmd[2] = buf;
cmd[3] = NULL;
command = LIBBB_DEFAULT_LOGIN_SHELL + 1;
} else {
/* Convert command (char*) into cmd (char**, one word per string) */
char *word, *next;
int i = 0;
next = strcpy(buf, command - dash); /* command including "-" */
command = next + dash;
while ((word = strsep(&next, " \t")) != NULL) {
if (*word != '\0') { /* not two spaces/tabs together? */
cmd[i] = word;
i++;
}
}
cmd[i] = NULL;
}
/* If we saw leading "-", it is interactive shell.
* Try harder to give it a controlling tty.
*/
if (ENABLE_FEATURE_INIT_SCTTY && dash) {
/* _Attempt_ to make stdin a controlling tty. */
ioctl(STDIN_FILENO, TIOCSCTTY, 0 /*only try, don't steal*/);
}
/* Here command never contains the dash, cmd[0] might */
BB_EXECVP(command, cmd);
message(L_LOG | L_CONSOLE, "can't run '%s': "STRERROR_FMT, command STRERROR_ERRNO);
/* returns if execvp fails */
}
/* Used only by run_actions */
static pid_t run(const struct init_action *a)
{
pid_t pid;
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/* Careful: don't be affected by a signal in vforked child */
sigprocmask_allsigs(SIG_BLOCK);
if (BB_MMU && (a->action_type & ASKFIRST))
pid = fork();
else
pid = vfork();
if (pid < 0)
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message(L_LOG | L_CONSOLE, "can't fork");
if (pid) {
sigprocmask_allsigs(SIG_UNBLOCK);
return pid; /* Parent or error */
}
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/* Child */
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/* Reset signal handlers that were set by the parent process */
reset_sighandlers_and_unblock_sigs();
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/* Create a new session and make ourself the process group leader */
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setsid();
/* Open the new terminal device */
if (!open_stdio_to_tty(a->terminal))
_exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
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/* NB: on NOMMU we can't wait for input in child, so
* "askfirst" will work the same as "respawn". */
if (BB_MMU && (a->action_type & ASKFIRST)) {
static const char press_enter[] ALIGN1 =
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#ifdef CUSTOMIZED_BANNER
#include CUSTOMIZED_BANNER
#endif
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"\nPlease press Enter to activate this console. ";
char c;
/*
* Save memory by not exec-ing anything large (like a shell)
* before the user wants it. This is critical if swap is not
* enabled and the system has low memory. Generally this will
* be run on the second virtual console, and the first will
* be allowed to start a shell or whatever an init script
* specifies.
*/
dbg_message(L_LOG, "waiting for enter to start '%s'"
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"(pid %d, tty '%s')\n",
a->command, getpid(), a->terminal);
full_write(STDOUT_FILENO, press_enter, sizeof(press_enter) - 1);
while (safe_read(STDIN_FILENO, &c, 1) == 1 && c != '\n')
continue;
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}
/*
* When a file named /.init_enable_core exists, setrlimit is called
* before processes are spawned to set core file size as unlimited.
* This is for debugging only. Don't use this is production, unless
* you want core dumps lying about....
*/
if (ENABLE_FEATURE_INIT_COREDUMPS) {
if (access("/.init_enable_core", F_OK) == 0) {
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struct rlimit limit;
limit.rlim_cur = RLIM_INFINITY;
limit.rlim_max = RLIM_INFINITY;
setrlimit(RLIMIT_CORE, &limit);
}
}
/* Log the process name and args */
message(L_LOG, "starting pid %u, tty '%s': '%s'",
(int)getpid(), a->terminal, a->command);
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/* Now run it. The new program will take over this PID,
* so nothing further in init.c should be run. */
init_exec(a->command);
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/* We're still here? Some error happened. */
_exit(-1);
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}
static struct init_action *mark_terminated(pid_t pid)
{
struct init_action *a;
if (pid > 0) {
update_utmp_DEAD_PROCESS(pid);
for (a = G.init_action_list; a; a = a->next) {
if (a->pid == pid) {
a->pid = 0;
return a;
}
}
}
return NULL;
}
static void waitfor(pid_t pid)
{
/* waitfor(run(x)): protect against failed fork inside run() */
if (pid <= 0)
return;
/* Wait for any child (prevent zombies from exiting orphaned processes)
* but exit the loop only when specified one has exited. */
while (1) {
pid_t wpid = wait(NULL);
mark_terminated(wpid);
/* Unsafe. SIGTSTP handler might have wait'ed it already */
/*if (wpid == pid) break;*/
/* More reliable: */
if (kill(pid, 0))
break;
}
}
/* Run all commands of a particular type */
static void run_actions(int action_type)
{
struct init_action *a;
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for (a = G.init_action_list; a; a = a->next) {
if (!(a->action_type & action_type))
continue;
if (a->action_type & (SYSINIT | WAIT | ONCE | CTRLALTDEL | SHUTDOWN)) {
pid_t pid = run(a);
if (a->action_type & (SYSINIT | WAIT | CTRLALTDEL | SHUTDOWN))
waitfor(pid);
}
if (a->action_type & (RESPAWN | ASKFIRST)) {
/* Only run stuff with pid == 0. If pid != 0,
* it is already running
*/
if (a->pid == 0)
a->pid = run(a);
}
}
}
static void new_init_action(uint8_t action_type, const char *command, const char *cons)
{
struct init_action *a, **nextp;
/* Scenario:
* old inittab:
* ::shutdown:umount -a -r
* ::shutdown:swapoff -a
* new inittab:
* ::shutdown:swapoff -a
* ::shutdown:umount -a -r
* On reload, we must ensure entries end up in correct order.
* To achieve that, if we find a matching entry, we move it
* to the end.
*/
nextp = &G.init_action_list;
while ((a = *nextp) != NULL) {
/* Don't enter action if it's already in the list.
* This prevents losing running RESPAWNs.
*/
if (strcmp(a->command, command) == 0
&& strcmp(a->terminal, cons) == 0
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) {
/* Remove from list */
*nextp = a->next;
/* Find the end of the list */
while (*nextp != NULL)
nextp = &(*nextp)->next;
a->next = NULL;
goto append;
}
nextp = &a->next;
}
a = xzalloc(sizeof(*a) + strlen(command));
/* Append to the end of the list */
append:
*nextp = a;
a->action_type = action_type;
strcpy(a->command, command);
safe_strncpy(a->terminal, cons, sizeof(a->terminal));
dbg_message(L_LOG | L_CONSOLE, "command='%s' action=%x tty='%s'\n",
a->command, a->action_type, a->terminal);
}
/* NOTE that if CONFIG_FEATURE_USE_INITTAB is NOT defined,
* then parse_inittab() simply adds in some default
* actions (i.e., runs INIT_SCRIPT and then starts a pair
* of "askfirst" shells). If CONFIG_FEATURE_USE_INITTAB
* _is_ defined, but /etc/inittab is missing, this
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* results in the same set of default behaviors.
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*/
static void parse_inittab(void)
{
#if ENABLE_FEATURE_USE_INITTAB
char *token[4];
parser_t *parser = config_open2("/etc/inittab", fopen_for_read);
if (parser == NULL)
#endif
{
/* No inittab file - set up some default behavior */
/* Sysinit */
new_init_action(SYSINIT, INIT_SCRIPT, "");
/* Askfirst shell on tty1-4 */
new_init_action(ASKFIRST, bb_default_login_shell, "");
//TODO: VC_1 instead of ""? "" is console -> ctty problems -> angry users
new_init_action(ASKFIRST, bb_default_login_shell, VC_2);
new_init_action(ASKFIRST, bb_default_login_shell, VC_3);
new_init_action(ASKFIRST, bb_default_login_shell, VC_4);
/* Reboot on Ctrl-Alt-Del */
new_init_action(CTRLALTDEL, "reboot", "");
/* Umount all filesystems on halt/reboot */
new_init_action(SHUTDOWN, "umount -a -r", "");
/* Swapoff on halt/reboot */
new_init_action(SHUTDOWN, "swapoff -a", "");
/* Restart init when a QUIT is received */
new_init_action(RESTART, "init", "");
return;
}
#if ENABLE_FEATURE_USE_INITTAB
/* optional_tty:ignored_runlevel:action:command
* Delims are not to be collapsed and need exactly 4 tokens
*/
while (config_read(parser, token, 4, 0, "#:",
PARSE_NORMAL & ~(PARSE_TRIM | PARSE_COLLAPSE))) {
/* order must correspond to SYSINIT..RESTART constants */
static const char actions[] ALIGN1 =
"sysinit\0""wait\0""once\0""respawn\0""askfirst\0"
"ctrlaltdel\0""shutdown\0""restart\0";
int action;
char *tty = token[0];
if (!token[3]) /* less than 4 tokens */
goto bad_entry;
action = index_in_strings(actions, token[2]);
if (action < 0 || !token[3][0]) /* token[3]: command */
goto bad_entry;
/* turn .*TTY -> /dev/TTY */
if (tty[0]) {
tty = concat_path_file("/dev/", skip_dev_pfx(tty));
}
new_init_action(1 << action, token[3], tty);
if (tty[0])
free(tty);
continue;
bad_entry:
message(L_LOG | L_CONSOLE, "Bad inittab entry at line %d",
parser->lineno);
}
config_close(parser);
#endif
}
static void pause_and_low_level_reboot(unsigned magic) NORETURN;
static void pause_and_low_level_reboot(unsigned magic)
{
pid_t pid;
/* Allow time for last message to reach serial console, etc */
sleep(1);
/* We have to fork here, since the kernel calls do_exit(EXIT_SUCCESS)
* in linux/kernel/sys.c, which can cause the machine to panic when
* the init process exits... */
pid = vfork();
if (pid == 0) { /* child */
reboot(magic);
_exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
/* Used to have "while (1) sleep(1)" here.
* However, in containers reboot() call is ignored, and with that loop
* we would eternally sleep here - not what we want.
*/
waitpid(pid, NULL, 0);
sleep(1); /* paranoia */
_exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
static void run_shutdown_and_kill_processes(void)
{
/* Run everything to be run at "shutdown". This is done _prior_
* to killing everything, in case people wish to use scripts to
* shut things down gracefully... */
run_actions(SHUTDOWN);
message(L_CONSOLE | L_LOG, "The system is going down NOW!");
/* Send signals to every process _except_ pid 1 */
kill(-1, SIGTERM);
message(L_CONSOLE, "Sent SIG%s to all processes", "TERM");
sync();
sleep(1);
kill(-1, SIGKILL);
message(L_CONSOLE, "Sent SIG%s to all processes", "KILL");
sync();
/*sleep(1); - callers take care about making a pause */
}
/* Signal handling by init:
*
* For process with PID==1, on entry kernel sets all signals to SIG_DFL
* and unmasks all signals. However, for process with PID==1,
* default action (SIG_DFL) on any signal is to ignore it,
* even for special signals SIGKILL and SIGCONT.
* Also, any signal can be caught or blocked.
2009-01-31 06:37:05 +05:30
* (but SIGSTOP is still handled specially, at least in 2.6.20)
*
* We install two kinds of handlers, "immediate" and "delayed".
*
* Immediate handlers execute at any time, even while, say, sysinit
* is running.
*
* Delayed handlers just set a flag variable. The variable is checked
* in the main loop and acted upon.
*
* halt/poweroff/reboot and restart have immediate handlers.
* They only traverse linked list of struct action's, never modify it,
* this should be safe to do even in signal handler. Also they
* never return.
*
* SIGSTOP and SIGTSTP have immediate handlers. They just wait
* for SIGCONT to happen.
*
* SIGHUP has a delayed handler, because modifying linked list
* of struct action's from a signal handler while it is manipulated
* by the program may be disastrous.
*
* Ctrl-Alt-Del has a delayed handler. Not a must, but allowing
* it to happen even somewhere inside "sysinit" would be a bit awkward.
*
* There is a tiny probability that SIGHUP and Ctrl-Alt-Del will collide
* and only one will be remembered and acted upon.
*/
/* The SIGPWR/SIGUSR[12]/SIGTERM handler */
static void halt_reboot_pwoff(int sig) NORETURN;
static void halt_reboot_pwoff(int sig)
{
const char *m;
unsigned rb;
/* We may call run() and it unmasks signals,
* including the one masked inside this signal handler.
* Testcase which would start multiple reboot scripts:
* while true; do reboot; done
* Preventing it:
*/
reset_sighandlers_and_unblock_sigs();
run_shutdown_and_kill_processes();
m = "halt";
rb = RB_HALT_SYSTEM;
if (sig == SIGTERM) {
m = "reboot";
rb = RB_AUTOBOOT;
} else if (sig == SIGUSR2) {
m = "poweroff";
rb = RB_POWER_OFF;
}
message(L_CONSOLE, "Requesting system %s", m);
pause_and_low_level_reboot(rb);
/* not reached */
}
/* Handler for QUIT - exec "restart" action,
* else (no such action defined) do nothing */
static void exec_restart_action(void)
{
struct init_action *a;
for (a = G.init_action_list; a; a = a->next) {
if (!(a->action_type & RESTART))
continue;
/* Starting from here, we won't return.
* Thus don't need to worry about preserving errno
* and such.
*/
reset_sighandlers_and_unblock_sigs();
run_shutdown_and_kill_processes();
#ifdef RB_ENABLE_CAD
/* Allow Ctrl-Alt-Del to reboot the system.
* This is how kernel sets it up for init, we follow suit.
*/
reboot(RB_ENABLE_CAD); /* misnomer */
#endif
if (open_stdio_to_tty(a->terminal)) {
dbg_message(L_CONSOLE, "Trying to re-exec %s", a->command);
/* Theoretically should be safe.
* But in practice, kernel bugs may leave
* unkillable processes, and wait() may block forever.
* Oh well. Hoping "new" init won't be too surprised
* by having children it didn't create.
*/
//while (wait(NULL) > 0)
// continue;
init_exec(a->command);
}
/* Open or exec failed */
pause_and_low_level_reboot(RB_HALT_SYSTEM);
/* not reached */
}
}
/* The SIGSTOP/SIGTSTP handler
* NB: inside it, all signals except SIGCONT are masked
* via appropriate setup in sigaction().
*/
static void stop_handler(int sig UNUSED_PARAM)
{
smallint saved_bb_got_signal;
int saved_errno;
saved_bb_got_signal = bb_got_signal;
saved_errno = errno;
signal(SIGCONT, record_signo);
while (1) {
pid_t wpid;
if (bb_got_signal == SIGCONT)
break;
/* NB: this can accidentally wait() for a process
* which we waitfor() elsewhere! waitfor() must have
* code which is resilient against this.
*/
wpid = wait_any_nohang(NULL);
mark_terminated(wpid);
sleep(1);
}
signal(SIGCONT, SIG_DFL);
errno = saved_errno;
bb_got_signal = saved_bb_got_signal;
}
#if ENABLE_FEATURE_USE_INITTAB
static void reload_inittab(void)
{
struct init_action *a, **nextp;
message(L_LOG, "reloading /etc/inittab");
/* Disable old entries */
for (a = G.init_action_list; a; a = a->next)
a->action_type = 0;
/* Append new entries, or modify existing entries
* (incl. setting a->action_type) if cmd and device name
* match new ones. End result: only entries with
* a->action_type == 0 are stale.
*/
parse_inittab();
#if ENABLE_FEATURE_KILL_REMOVED
/* Kill stale entries */
/* Be nice and send SIGTERM first */
for (a = G.init_action_list; a; a = a->next)
if (a->action_type == 0 && a->pid != 0)
kill(a->pid, SIGTERM);
if (CONFIG_FEATURE_KILL_DELAY) {
/* NB: parent will wait in NOMMU case */
if ((BB_MMU ? fork() : vfork()) == 0) { /* child */
sleep(CONFIG_FEATURE_KILL_DELAY);
for (a = G.init_action_list; a; a = a->next)
if (a->action_type == 0 && a->pid != 0)
kill(a->pid, SIGKILL);
_exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
}
#endif
/* Remove stale entries and SYSINIT entries.
* We never rerun SYSINIT entries anyway,
* removing them too saves a few bytes
*/
nextp = &G.init_action_list;
while ((a = *nextp) != NULL) {
/*
* Why pid == 0 check?
* Process can be removed from inittab and added *later*.
* If we delete its entry but process still runs,
* duplicate is spawned when the entry is re-added.
*/
if ((a->action_type & ~SYSINIT) == 0 && a->pid == 0) {
*nextp = a->next;
free(a);
} else {
nextp = &a->next;
}
}
/* Not needed: */
/* run_actions(RESPAWN | ASKFIRST); */
/* - we return to main loop, which does this automagically */
}
#endif
static int check_delayed_sigs(void)
{
int sigs_seen = 0;
while (1) {
smallint sig = bb_got_signal;
if (!sig)
return sigs_seen;
bb_got_signal = 0;
sigs_seen = 1;
#if ENABLE_FEATURE_USE_INITTAB
if (sig == SIGHUP)
reload_inittab();
#endif
if (sig == SIGINT)
run_actions(CTRLALTDEL);
if (sig == SIGQUIT) {
exec_restart_action();
/* returns only if no restart action defined */
}
if ((1 << sig) & (0
#ifdef SIGPWR
+ (1 << SIGPWR)
#endif
+ (1 << SIGUSR1)
+ (1 << SIGUSR2)
+ (1 << SIGTERM)
)) {
halt_reboot_pwoff(sig);
}
}
}
#if DEBUG_SEGV_HANDLER
static
void handle_sigsegv(int sig, siginfo_t *info, void *ucontext)
{
long ip;
ucontext_t *uc;
uc = ucontext;
ip = uc->uc_mcontext.gregs[REG_EIP];
fdprintf(2, "signal:%d address:0x%lx ip:0x%lx\n",
sig,
/* this is void*, but using %p would print "(null)"
* even for ptrs which are not exactly 0, but, say, 0x123:
*/
(long)info->si_addr,
ip);
{
/* glibc extension */
void *array[50];
int size;
size = backtrace(array, 50);
backtrace_symbols_fd(array, size, 2);
}
for (;;) sleep(9999);
}
#endif
static void sleep_much(void)
{
sleep(30 * 24*60*60);
}
int init_main(int argc, char **argv) MAIN_EXTERNALLY_VISIBLE;
2008-07-05 14:48:54 +05:30
int init_main(int argc UNUSED_PARAM, char **argv)
1999-10-05 21:54:54 +05:30
{
INIT_G();
if (argv[1] && strcmp(argv[1], "-q") == 0) {
return kill(1, SIGHUP);
}
2000-01-13 10:13:48 +05:30
#if DEBUG_SEGV_HANDLER
{
struct sigaction sa;
memset(&sa, 0, sizeof(sa));
sa.sa_sigaction = handle_sigsegv;
sa.sa_flags = SA_SIGINFO;
sigaction(SIGSEGV, &sa, NULL);
sigaction(SIGILL, &sa, NULL);
sigaction(SIGFPE, &sa, NULL);
sigaction(SIGBUS, &sa, NULL);
}
#endif
if (!DEBUG_INIT) {
/* Some users send poweroff signals to init VERY early.
* To handle this, mask signals early,
* and unmask them only after signal handlers are installed.
*/
sigprocmask_allsigs(SIG_BLOCK);
/* Expect to be invoked as init with PID=1 or be invoked as linuxrc */
if (getpid() != 1
&& (!ENABLE_LINUXRC || applet_name[0] != 'l') /* not linuxrc? */
) {
libbb: reduce the overhead of single parameter bb_error_msg() calls Back in 2007, commit 0c97c9d43707 ("'simple' error message functions by Loic Grenie") introduced bb_simple_perror_msg() to allow for a lower overhead call to bb_perror_msg() when only a string was being printed with no parameters. This saves space for some CPU architectures because it avoids the overhead of a call to a variadic function. However there has never been a simple version of bb_error_msg(), and since 2007 many new calls to bb_perror_msg() have been added that only take a single parameter and so could have been using bb_simple_perror_message(). This changeset introduces 'simple' versions of bb_info_msg(), bb_error_msg(), bb_error_msg_and_die(), bb_herror_msg() and bb_herror_msg_and_die(), and replaces all calls that only take a single parameter, or use something like ("%s", arg), with calls to the corresponding 'simple' version. Since it is likely that single parameter calls to the variadic functions may be accidentally reintroduced in the future a new debugging config option WARN_SIMPLE_MSG has been introduced. This uses some macro magic which will cause any such calls to generate a warning, but this is turned off by default to avoid use of the unpleasant macros in normal circumstances. This is a large changeset due to the number of calls that have been replaced. The only files that contain changes other than simple substitution of function calls are libbb.h, libbb/herror_msg.c, libbb/verror_msg.c and libbb/xfuncs_printf.c. In miscutils/devfsd.c, networking/udhcp/common.h and util-linux/mdev.c additonal macros have been added for logging so that single parameter and multiple parameter logging variants exist. The amount of space saved varies considerably by architecture, and was found to be as follows (for 'defconfig' using GCC 7.4): Arm: -92 bytes MIPS: -52 bytes PPC: -1836 bytes x86_64: -938 bytes Note that for the MIPS architecture only an exception had to be made disabling the 'simple' calls for 'udhcp' (in networking/udhcp/common.h) because it made these files larger on MIPS. Signed-off-by: James Byrne <james.byrne@origamienergy.com> Signed-off-by: Denys Vlasenko <vda.linux@googlemail.com>
2019-07-02 15:05:03 +05:30
bb_simple_error_msg_and_die("must be run as PID 1");
}
#ifdef RB_DISABLE_CAD
/* Turn off rebooting via CTL-ALT-DEL - we get a
* SIGINT on CAD so we can shut things down gracefully... */
reboot(RB_DISABLE_CAD); /* misnomer */
#endif
}
/* If, say, xmalloc would ever die, we don't want to oops kernel
* by exiting.
* NB: we set die_func *after* PID 1 check and bb_show_usage.
* Otherwise, for example, "init u" ("please rexec yourself"
* command for sysvinit) will show help text (which isn't too bad),
* *and sleep forever* (which is bad!)
*/
die_func = sleep_much;
/* Figure out where the default console should be */
console_init();
set_sane_term();
xchdir("/");
setsid();
/* Make sure environs is set to something sane */
putenv((char *) "HOME=/");
putenv((char *) bb_PATH_root_path);
putenv((char *) "SHELL=/bin/sh");
putenv((char *) "USER=root"); /* needed? why? */
if (argv[1])
xsetenv("RUNLEVEL", argv[1]);
#if !ENABLE_FEATURE_INIT_QUIET
/* Hello world */
message(L_CONSOLE | L_LOG, "init started: %s", bb_banner);
#endif
/* Check if we are supposed to be in single user mode */
if (argv[1]
&& (strcmp(argv[1], "single") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-s") == 0 || LONE_CHAR(argv[1], '1'))
) {
/* ??? shouldn't we set RUNLEVEL="b" here? */
/* Start a shell on console */
new_init_action(RESPAWN, bb_default_login_shell, "");
} else {
/* Not in single user mode - see what inittab says */
/* NOTE that if CONFIG_FEATURE_USE_INITTAB is NOT defined,
* then parse_inittab() simply adds in some default
* actions (i.e., INIT_SCRIPT and a pair
* of "askfirst" shells) */
parse_inittab();
}
#if ENABLE_SELINUX
if (getenv("SELINUX_INIT") == NULL) {
int enforce = 0;
putenv((char*)"SELINUX_INIT=YES");
if (selinux_init_load_policy(&enforce) == 0) {
BB_EXECVP(argv[0], argv);
} else if (enforce > 0) {
/* SELinux in enforcing mode but load_policy failed */
message(L_CONSOLE, "can't load SELinux Policy. "
2007-02-28 00:50:00 +05:30
"Machine is in enforcing mode. Halting now.");
return EXIT_FAILURE;
}
}
#endif
if (ENABLE_FEATURE_INIT_MODIFY_CMDLINE) {
/* Make the command line just say "init" - that's all, nothing else */
strncpy(argv[0], "init", strlen(argv[0]));
/* Wipe argv[1]-argv[N] so they don't clutter the ps listing */
while (*++argv)
nuke_str(*argv);
}
/* Set up signal handlers */
if (!DEBUG_INIT) {
struct sigaction sa;
/* Stop handler must allow only SIGCONT inside itself */
memset(&sa, 0, sizeof(sa));
sigfillset(&sa.sa_mask);
sigdelset(&sa.sa_mask, SIGCONT);
sa.sa_handler = stop_handler;
/* NB: sa_flags doesn't have SA_RESTART.
* It must be able to interrupt wait().
*/
sigaction_set(SIGTSTP, &sa); /* pause */
/* Does not work as intended, at least in 2.6.20.
* SIGSTOP is simply ignored by init:
*/
sigaction_set(SIGSTOP, &sa); /* pause */
/* These signals must interrupt wait(),
* setting handler without SA_RESTART flag.
*/
bb_signals_recursive_norestart(0
+ (1 << SIGINT) /* Ctrl-Alt-Del */
+ (1 << SIGQUIT) /* re-exec another init */
#ifdef SIGPWR
+ (1 << SIGPWR) /* halt */
#endif
+ (1 << SIGUSR1) /* halt */
+ (1 << SIGTERM) /* reboot */
+ (1 << SIGUSR2) /* poweroff */
#if ENABLE_FEATURE_USE_INITTAB
+ (1 << SIGHUP) /* reread /etc/inittab */
#endif
, record_signo);
sigprocmask_allsigs(SIG_UNBLOCK);
}
/* Now run everything that needs to be run */
/* First run the sysinit command */
run_actions(SYSINIT);
check_delayed_sigs();
/* Next run anything that wants to block */
run_actions(WAIT);
check_delayed_sigs();
/* Next run anything to be run only once */
run_actions(ONCE);
/* Now run the looping stuff for the rest of forever.
*/
while (1) {
int maybe_WNOHANG;
maybe_WNOHANG = check_delayed_sigs();
/* (Re)run the respawn/askfirst stuff */
run_actions(RESPAWN | ASKFIRST);
maybe_WNOHANG |= check_delayed_sigs();
/* Don't consume all CPU time - sleep a bit */
sleep(1);
maybe_WNOHANG |= check_delayed_sigs();
/* Wait for any child process(es) to exit.
*
* If check_delayed_sigs above reported that a signal
* was caught, wait will be nonblocking. This ensures
* that if SIGHUP has reloaded inittab, respawn and askfirst
* actions will not be delayed until next child death.
*/
if (maybe_WNOHANG)
maybe_WNOHANG = WNOHANG;
while (1) {
pid_t wpid;
struct init_action *a;
/* If signals happen _in_ the wait, they interrupt it,
* bb_signals_recursive_norestart set them up that way
*/
wpid = waitpid(-1, NULL, maybe_WNOHANG);
if (wpid <= 0)
break;
a = mark_terminated(wpid);
if (a) {
message(L_LOG, "process '%s' (pid %d) exited. "
"Scheduling for restart.",
a->command, wpid);
}
/* See if anyone else is waiting to be reaped */
maybe_WNOHANG = WNOHANG;
}
} /* while (1) */
}
//usage:#define linuxrc_trivial_usage NOUSAGE_STR
//usage:#define linuxrc_full_usage ""
//usage:#define init_trivial_usage
//usage: ""
//usage:#define init_full_usage "\n\n"
//usage: "Init is the first process started during boot. It never exits."
//usage: IF_FEATURE_USE_INITTAB(
//usage: "\n""It (re)spawns children according to /etc/inittab."
//usage: )
//usage: IF_NOT_FEATURE_USE_INITTAB(
//usage: "\n""This version of init doesn't use /etc/inittab,"
//usage: "\n""has fixed set of processed to run."
//usage: )
//usage:
//usage:#define init_notes_usage
//usage: "This version of init is designed to be run only by the kernel.\n"
//usage: "\n"
//usage: "BusyBox init doesn't support multiple runlevels. The runlevels field of\n"
//usage: "the /etc/inittab file is completely ignored by BusyBox init. If you want\n"
//usage: "runlevels, use sysvinit.\n"
//usage: "\n"
//usage: "BusyBox init works just fine without an inittab. If no inittab is found,\n"
//usage: "it has the following default behavior:\n"
//usage: "\n"
//usage: " ::sysinit:/etc/init.d/rcS\n"
//usage: " ::askfirst:/bin/sh\n"
//usage: " ::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/reboot\n"
//usage: " ::shutdown:/sbin/swapoff -a\n"
//usage: " ::shutdown:/bin/umount -a -r\n"
//usage: " ::restart:/sbin/init\n"
//usage: " tty2::askfirst:/bin/sh\n"
//usage: " tty3::askfirst:/bin/sh\n"
//usage: " tty4::askfirst:/bin/sh\n"
//usage: "\n"
//usage: "If you choose to use an /etc/inittab file, the inittab entry format is as follows:\n"
//usage: "\n"
//usage: " <id>:<runlevels>:<action>:<process>\n"
//usage: "\n"
//usage: " <id>:\n"
//usage: "\n"
//usage: " WARNING: This field has a non-traditional meaning for BusyBox init!\n"
//usage: " The id field is used by BusyBox init to specify the controlling tty for\n"
//usage: " the specified process to run on. The contents of this field are\n"
//usage: " appended to \"/dev/\" and used as-is. There is no need for this field to\n"
//usage: " be unique, although if it isn't you may have strange results. If this\n"
//usage: " field is left blank, then the init's stdin/out will be used.\n"
//usage: "\n"
//usage: " <runlevels>:\n"
//usage: "\n"
//usage: " The runlevels field is completely ignored.\n"
//usage: "\n"
//usage: " <action>:\n"
//usage: "\n"
//usage: " Valid actions include: sysinit, respawn, askfirst, wait,\n"
//usage: " once, restart, ctrlaltdel, and shutdown.\n"
//usage: "\n"
//usage: " The available actions can be classified into two groups: actions\n"
//usage: " that are run only once, and actions that are re-run when the specified\n"
//usage: " process exits.\n"
//usage: "\n"
//usage: " Run only-once actions:\n"
//usage: "\n"
//usage: " 'sysinit' is the first item run on boot. init waits until all\n"
//usage: " sysinit actions are completed before continuing. Following the\n"
//usage: " completion of all sysinit actions, all 'wait' actions are run.\n"
//usage: " 'wait' actions, like 'sysinit' actions, cause init to wait until\n"
//usage: " the specified task completes. 'once' actions are asynchronous,\n"
//usage: " therefore, init does not wait for them to complete. 'restart' is\n"
//usage: " the action taken to restart the init process. By default this should\n"
//usage: " simply run /sbin/init, but can be a script which runs pivot_root or it\n"
//usage: " can do all sorts of other interesting things. The 'ctrlaltdel' init\n"
//usage: " actions are run when the system detects that someone on the system\n"
//usage: " console has pressed the CTRL-ALT-DEL key combination. Typically one\n"
//usage: " wants to run 'reboot' at this point to cause the system to reboot.\n"
//usage: " Finally the 'shutdown' action specifies the actions to taken when\n"
//usage: " init is told to reboot. Unmounting filesystems and disabling swap\n"
//usage: " is a very good here.\n"
//usage: "\n"
//usage: " Run repeatedly actions:\n"
//usage: "\n"
//usage: " 'respawn' actions are run after the 'once' actions. When a process\n"
//usage: " started with a 'respawn' action exits, init automatically restarts\n"
//usage: " it. Unlike sysvinit, BusyBox init does not stop processes from\n"
//usage: " respawning out of control. The 'askfirst' actions acts just like\n"
//usage: " respawn, except that before running the specified process it\n"
//usage: " displays the line \"Please press Enter to activate this console.\"\n"
//usage: " and then waits for the user to press enter before starting the\n"
//usage: " specified process.\n"
//usage: "\n"
//usage: " Unrecognized actions (like initdefault) will cause init to emit an\n"
//usage: " error message, and then go along with its business. All actions are\n"
//usage: " run in the order they appear in /etc/inittab.\n"
//usage: "\n"
//usage: " <process>:\n"
//usage: "\n"
//usage: " Specifies the process to be executed and its command line.\n"
//usage: "\n"
//usage: "Example /etc/inittab file:\n"
//usage: "\n"
//usage: " # This is run first except when booting in single-user mode\n"
//usage: " #\n"
//usage: " ::sysinit:/etc/init.d/rcS\n"
//usage: " \n"
//usage: " # /bin/sh invocations on selected ttys\n"
//usage: " #\n"
//usage: " # Start an \"askfirst\" shell on the console (whatever that may be)\n"
//usage: " ::askfirst:-/bin/sh\n"
//usage: " # Start an \"askfirst\" shell on /dev/tty2-4\n"
//usage: " tty2::askfirst:-/bin/sh\n"
//usage: " tty3::askfirst:-/bin/sh\n"
//usage: " tty4::askfirst:-/bin/sh\n"
//usage: " \n"
//usage: " # /sbin/getty invocations for selected ttys\n"
//usage: " #\n"
//usage: " tty4::respawn:/sbin/getty 38400 tty4\n"
//usage: " tty5::respawn:/sbin/getty 38400 tty5\n"
//usage: " \n"
//usage: " \n"
//usage: " # Example of how to put a getty on a serial line (for a terminal)\n"
//usage: " #\n"
//usage: " #::respawn:/sbin/getty -L ttyS0 9600 vt100\n"
//usage: " #::respawn:/sbin/getty -L ttyS1 9600 vt100\n"
//usage: " #\n"
//usage: " # Example how to put a getty on a modem line\n"
//usage: " #::respawn:/sbin/getty 57600 ttyS2\n"
//usage: " \n"
//usage: " # Stuff to do when restarting the init process\n"
//usage: " ::restart:/sbin/init\n"
//usage: " \n"
//usage: " # Stuff to do before rebooting\n"
//usage: " ::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/reboot\n"
//usage: " ::shutdown:/bin/umount -a -r\n"
//usage: " ::shutdown:/sbin/swapoff -a\n"