Manual pages fixes

Taken from Debian with small changes added

Authors: Craig Small <csmall@debian.org>, Brendan O'Dea <bod@debian.org>

free.1

@@ -1,47 +1,67 @@
 .\"             -*-Nroff-*-
 .\"  This page Copyright (C) 1993 Matt Welsh, mdw@sunsite.unc.edu.
 .\"  Freely distributable under the terms of the GPL
-.TH FREE 1 "20 Mar 1993 " "Cohesive Systems" "Linux User's Manual"
+.TH FREE 1 "5 Oct 2009 " "Cohesive Systems" "Linux User's Manual"
 .SH NAME
 free \- Display amount of free and used memory in the system
 .SH SYNOPSIS
-.BR "free " [ "\-b" " | " "\-k" " | " "\-m" "] [" "\-o" "] [" "\-s"
+.B free
-.I delay
+.RB [ \-b | \-k | \-m | \-g ]
-.RB "] [" "\-t" "] [" "\-V" ]
+.RB [ \-c
+.IR count ]
+.RB [ \-l ]
+.RB [ \-o ]
+.RB [ \-t ]
+.RB [ \-s
+.IR delay ]
+.RB [ \-V ]
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 \fBfree\fP displays the total amount of free and used physical and swap 
 memory in the system, as well as the buffers used by the kernel.
 The shared memory column should be ignored; it is obsolete.
-.SS Options
+.SS OPTIONS
-The \fB-b\fP switch displays the amount of memory in bytes; the 
+.TP
-\fB-k\fP switch (set by default) displays it in kilobytes; the \fB-m\fP
+\fB\-b\fR
-switch displays it in megabytes.
+Display the amount of memory in bytes.
-.PP
+.TP
-The \fB-t\fP switch displays a line containing the totals.
+\fB\-c\fR \fIcount\fR
-.PP
+Display the result \fIcount\fR times.  Requires the \fB\-s\fR option.
-The \fB-o\fP switch disables the display of a "buffer adjusted" line.
+.TP
-If the -o option is not specified, \fBfree\fP subtracts buffer memory
+\fB\-g\fR
-from the used memory and adds it to the free memory reported.
+Display the amount of memory in gigabytes.
-.PP
+.TP
-The \fB-s\fP switch activates continuous polling \fIdelay\fP seconds apart. You
+\fB\-k\fR
+Display the amount of memory in kilobytes. This is the default.
+.TP
+\fB\-l\fR
+Show detailed low and high memory statistics.
+.TP
+\fB\-m\fR
+Display the amount of memory in megabytes.
+.TP
+\fB\-o\fR
+Display the output in old format, the only difference being this option
+will disable the display of the "buffer adjusted" line.
+.TP
+\fB\-s\fR
+Continuously display the result \fIdelay\fP seconds apart. You
 may actually specify any floating point number for \fIdelay\fP, 
 .BR usleep (3)
 is used for microsecond resolution delay times.
-.PP
+.TP
-The \fB\-V\fP displays version information.
+\fB\-t\fR
+Display a line showing the column totals.
+.TP
+\fB\-V\fR
+Display version information.
 .SH FILES
-.ta
+.nf
-.IR /proc/meminfo "\-\- memory information"
+/proc/meminfo memory information
 .fi
-
-.SH "SEE ALSO"
-.BR ps (1),
-.BR slabtop (1),
-.BR vmstat (8),
-.BR top(1)
-
 .SH AUTHORS
 Written by Brian Edmonds. 
 
 Send bug reports to <albert@users.sf.net>
-
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+.BR ps "(1), " slabtop "(1), " top "(1), " vmstat (8).
+.\"{{{}}}

kill.1

@@ -10,23 +10,18 @@
 kill \- send a signal to a process
 
 .SH SYNOPSIS
-.TS
+\fBkill\fR [ \-\fBsignal\fR | \-s \fBsignal\fR ] \fBpid\fR ...
-l l.
+.br
-kill pid ...	Send SIGTERM to every process listed.
+\fBkill\fR [ \-L | -V, \-\-version ]
-kill -signal pid ...	Send a signal to every process listed.
+.br
-kill -s signal pid ...	Send a signal to every process listed.
+\fBkill\fR \-l  [ \fBsignal\fR ]
-kill -l	List all signal names.
-kill -L	List all signal names in a nice table.
-kill -l signal	Convert a signal number into a name.
-kill -V,--version	Show version of program
-.TE
 
 .SH DESCRIPTION
-The default signal for kill is TERM. Use -l or -L to list available signals.
+The default signal for kill is TERM. Use \-l or \-L to list available signals.
 Particularly useful signals include HUP, INT, KILL, STOP, CONT, and 0.
-Alternate signals may be specified in three ways: -9 -SIGKILL -KILL.
+Alternate signals may be specified in three ways: \-9 \-SIGKILL \-KILL.
 Negative PID values may be used to choose whole process groups; see the
-PGID column in ps command output. A PID of -1 is special; it indicates
+PGID column in ps command output. A PID of \-1 is special; it indicates
 all processes except the kill process itself and init.
 
 .SH SIGNALS
@@ -37,12 +32,11 @@ When known constant, numbers and default behavior are shown.
 lB rB lB lB
 lfCW r l l.
 Name	Num	Action	Description
-.TH
 0	0	n/a	exit code indicates if a signal may be sent
 ALRM	14	exit
 HUP	1	exit
 INT	2	exit
-KILL	9	exit	this signal may not be blocked
+KILL	9	exit	cannot be blocked
 PIPE	13	exit
 POLL		exit
 PROF		exit
@@ -50,15 +44,15 @@ TERM	15	exit
 USR1		exit
 USR2		exit
 VTALRM		exit
-STKFLT		exit	may not be implemented
+STKFLT		exit	might not be implemented
-PWR		ignore	may exit on some systems
+PWR		ignore	might exit on some systems
 WINCH		ignore
 CHLD		ignore
 URG		ignore
-TSTP		stop	may interact with the shell
+TSTP		stop	might interact with the shell
-TTIN		stop	may interact with the shell
+TTIN		stop	might interact with the shell
-TTOU		stop	may interact with the shell
+TTOU		stop	might interact with the shell
-STOP		stop	this signal may not be blocked
+STOP		stop	cannot be blocked
 CONT		restart	continue if stopped, otherwise ignore
 ABRT	6	core
 FPE	8	core
@@ -66,11 +60,11 @@ ILL	4	core
 QUIT	3	core
 SEGV	11	core
 TRAP	5	core
-SYS		core	may not be implemented
+SYS		core	might not be implemented
-EMT		core	may not be implemented
+EMT		core	might not be implemented
-BUS		core	core dump may fail
+BUS		core	core dump might fail
-XCPU		core	core dump may fail
+XCPU		core	core dump might fail
-XFSZ		core	core dump may fail
+XFSZ		core	core dump might fail
 .TE
 
 .SH NOTES
@@ -79,36 +73,30 @@ You may need to run the command described here as /bin/kill to solve
 the conflict.
 
 .SH EXAMPLES
-
+.TP
-.SS
+.B kill \-9 \-1
-.B "kill -9 -1"
-.nf
 Kill all processes you can kill.
-.fi
+.TP
-.PP
+.B kill \-l 11
-.SS
-.B "kill -l 11"
-.nf
 Translate number 11 into a signal name.
-.fi
+.TP
-.PP
+.B kill -L
-.SS
-.B "kill -L"
-.nf
 List the available signal choices in a nice table.
-.fi
+.TP
-.PP
+.B kill 123 543 2341 3453
-.SS
-.B "kill 123 543 2341 3453"
-.nf
 Send the default signal, SIGTERM, to all those processes.
-.fi
+
-.PP
 .SH "SEE ALSO"
-pkill(1) skill(1) kill(2) renice(1) nice(1) signal(7) killall(1)
+.BR pkill (1),
+.BR skill (1),
+.BR kill (2),
+.BR renice (1),
+.BR nice (1),
+.BR signal (7),
+.BR killall (1).
 
 .SH STANDARDS
-This command meets appropriate standards. The -L flag is Linux-specific.
+This command meets appropriate standards. The \-L flag is Linux-specific.
 
 .SH AUTHOR
 Albert Cahalan <albert@users.sf.net> wrote kill in 1999 to replace a

pgrep.1

@@ -2,35 +2,39 @@
 .\" Licensed under version 2 of the GNU General Public License.
 .\" Copyright 2000 Kjetil Torgrim Homme
 .\"
-.TH PGREP 1 "June 25, 2000" "Linux" "Linux User's Manual"
+.TH PGREP 1 "October 5, 2007" "Linux" "Linux User's Manual"
 .SH NAME
 pgrep, pkill \- look up or signal processes based on name and other attributes
 
 .SH SYNOPSIS
-pgrep [\-flvx] [\-d \fIdelimiter\fP] [\-n|\-o] [\-P \fIppid\fP,...] [\-g \fIpgrp\fP,...]
+.na
-.br
+\fBpgrep\fR [\fB\-flvx\fR] [\fB\-d\ \fIdelimiter\fR] [\fB\-n\fR|\fB\-o\fR] \
-	[\-s \fIsid\fP,...] [\-u \fIeuid\fP,...] [\-U \fIuid\fP,...] [\-G \fIgid\fP,...]
+[\fB\-P\ \fIppid\fR,...] [\fB\-g\ \fIpgrp\fR,...] [\fB\-s\ \fIsid\fR,...] \
-.br
+[\fB\-u\ \fIeuid\fR,...] [\fB\-U\ \fIuid\fR,...] [\fB\-G\ \fIgid\fR,...] \
-	[\-t \fIterm\fP,...] [\fIpattern\fP]
+[\fB\-t\ \fIterm\fR,...] [\fIpattern\fR]
 
-pkill [\-\fIsignal\fP] [\-fvx] [\-n|\-o] [\-P \fIppid\fP,...] [\-g \fIpgrp\fP,...]
+.HP
-.br
+\fBpkill\fR [\fB\-\fIsignal\fR] [\fB\-fvx\fR] [\fB\-n\fR|\fB\-o\fR] \
-	[\-s \fIsid\fP,...] [\-u \fIeuid\fP,...] [\-U \fIuid\fP,...] [\-G \fIgid\fP,...]
+[\fB\-P\ \fIppid\fR,...] [\fB\-g\ \fIpgrp\fR,...] [\fB\-s\ \fIsid\fR,...] \
-.br
+[\fB\-u\ \fIeuid\fR,...] [\fB\-U\ \fIuid\fR,...] [\fB\-G\ \fIgid\fR,...] \
-	[\-t \fIterm\fP,...] [\fIpattern\fP]
+[\fB\-t\ \fIterm\fR,...] [\fIpattern\fR]
 
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 \fBpgrep\fP looks through the currently running processes and lists the
 process IDs which matches the selection criteria to stdout.  All
 the criteria have to match.  For example,
 
-pgrep -u root sshd
+.IP
+$ pgrep \-u root sshd
 
+.PP
 will only list the processes called \fBsshd\fP AND owned by \fBroot\fP.
 On the other hand,
 
-pgrep -u root,daemon
+.IP
+$ pgrep \-u root,daemon
 
+.PP
 will list the processes owned by \fBroot\fP OR \fBdaemon\fP.
 
 \fBpkill\fP will send the specified signal (by default \fBSIGTERM\fP)
@@ -38,15 +42,15 @@ to each process instead of listing them on stdout.
 
 .SH OPTIONS
 .TP
-\-d \fIdelimiter\fP
+\fB\-d \fIdelimiter\fP
 Sets the string used to delimit each process ID in the output (by
 default a newline).  (\fBpgrep\fP only.)
 .TP
-\-f
+\fB\-f\fR
 The \fIpattern\fP is normally only matched against the process name.
-When \-f is set, the full command line is used.
+When \fB\-f\fR is set, the full command line is used.
 .TP
-\-g \fIpgrp\fP,...
+\fB\-g \fIpgrp\fP,...
 Only match processes in the process group IDs listed.  Process group 0
 is translated into \fBpgrep\fP's or \fBpkill\fP's own process group.
 .TP
@@ -54,40 +58,40 @@ is translated into \fBpgrep\fP's or \fBpkill\fP's own process group.
 Only match processes whose real group ID is listed.  Either the
 numerical or symbolical value may be used.
 .TP
-\-l
+\fB\-l\fR
 List the process name as well as the process ID. (\fBpgrep\fP only.)
 .TP
-\-n
+\fB\-n\fR
 Select only the newest (most recently started) of the matching
 processes.
 .TP
-\-o
+\fB\-o\fR
 Select only the oldest (least recently started) of the matching
 processes.
 .TP
-\-P \fIppid\fP,...
+\fB\-P \fIppid\fP,...
 Only match processes whose parent process ID is listed.
 .TP
-\-s \fIsid\fP,...
+\fB\-s \fIsid\fP,...
 Only match processes whose process session ID is listed.  Session ID 0
 is translated into \fBpgrep\fP's or \fBpkill\fP's own session ID.
 .TP
-\-t \fIterm\fP,...
+\fB\-t \fIterm\fP,...
 Only match processes whose controlling terminal is listed.  The
 terminal name should be specified without the "/dev/" prefix.
 .TP
-\-u \fIeuid\fP,...
+\fB\-u \fIeuid\fP,...
 Only match processes whose effective user ID is listed.  Either the
 numerical or symbolical value may be used.
 .TP
-\-U \fIuid\fP,...
+\fB\-U \fIuid\fP,...
 Only match processes whose real user ID is listed.  Either the
 numerical or symbolical value may be used.
 .TP
-\-v
+\fB\-v\fR
 Negates the matching.
 .TP
-\-x
+\fB\-x\fR
 Only match processes whose name (or command line if \-f is specified)
 \fBexactly\fP match the \fIpattern\fP.
 .TP
@@ -104,32 +108,40 @@ process names or command lines.
 .SH EXAMPLES
 Example 1: Find the process ID of the \fBnamed\fP daemon:
 
-unix$ pgrep \-u root named
+.IP
+$ pgrep \-u root named
 
+.PP
 Example 2: Make \fBsyslog\fP reread its configuration file:
 
-unix$ pkill \-HUP syslogd
+.IP
+$ pkill \-HUP syslogd
 
+.PP
 Example 3: Give detailed information on all \fBxterm\fP processes:
 
-unix$ ps \-fp $(pgrep \-d, \-x xterm)
+.IP
+$ ps \-fp $(pgrep \-d, \-x xterm)
 
+.PP
 Example 4: Make all \fBnetscape\fP processes run nicer:
 
-unix$ renice +4 `pgrep netscape`
+.IP
+$ renice +4 `pgrep netscape`
 
 .SH "EXIT STATUS"
+.PD 0
 .TP
-.I "0"
+.I 0
 One or more processes matched the criteria.
 .TP
-.I "1"
+.I 1
 No processes matched.
 .TP
-.I "2"
+.I 2
 Syntax error in the command line.
 .TP
-.I "3"
+.I 3
 Fatal error: out of memory etc.
 
 .SH NOTES
@@ -141,13 +153,19 @@ The running \fBpgrep\fP or \fBpkill\fP process will never report
 itself as a match.
 
 .SH BUGS
-The options \-n and \-o and \-v can not be combined.  Let me know if
+The options \fB\-n\fP and \fB\-o\fP and \fB\-v\fP can not be combined.
-you need to do this.
+Let me know if you need to do this.
 
 Defunct processes are reported.
 
 .SH "SEE ALSO"
-ps(1) regex(7) signal(7) killall(1) skill(1) kill(1) kill(2)
+.BR ps (1),
+.BR regex (7),
+.BR signal (7),
+.BR killall (1),
+.BR skill (1),
+.BR kill (1),
+.BR kill (2)
 
 .SH STANDARDS
 \fBpkill\fP and \fBpgrep\fP were introduced in Sun's Solaris 7.  This

pmap.1

@@ -10,25 +10,29 @@
 pmap \- report memory map of a process
 
 .SH SYNOPSIS
-.nf
+.B pmap
-pmap [ -x | -d ] [ -q ] pids...
+.RB [ \-x | \-d ]
-pmap -V
+.RB [ \-q ]
-.fi
+.I pid
+\& ...
+.br
+.B pmap \-V
 
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 The pmap command reports the memory map of a process or processes.
 
 .SH "GENERAL OPTIONS"
 .TS
-l l l.
+lB l l.
--x	extended	Show the extended format.
+\-x	extended	Show the extended format.
--d	device	Show the device format.
+\-d	device	Show the device format.
--q	quiet	Do not display some header/footer lines.
+\-q	quiet	Do not display some header/footer lines.
--V	show version	Displays version of program.
+\-V	show version	Displays version of program.
 .TE
 
 .SH "SEE ALSO"
-ps(1) pgrep(1)
+.BR ps (1),
+.BR pgrep (1)
 
 .SH STANDARDS
 No standards apply, but pmap looks an awful lot like a SunOS command.

skill.1

@@ -11,37 +11,38 @@
 skill, snice \- send a signal or report process status
 
 .SH SYNOPSIS
-.nf
+.B skill
-skill [signal to send] [options] process selection criteria
+.RI [ "signal to send" ]
-snice [new priority] [options] process selection criteria
+.RI [ options ]
-.fi
+.I process selection criteria
+.br
+.B snice
+.RI [ "new priority" ]
+.RI [ options ]
+.I process selection criteria
 
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 These tools are probably obsolete and unportable. The command
 syntax is poorly defined. Consider using the killall, pkill,
 and pgrep commands instead.
 
-The default signal for skill is TERM. Use -l or -L to list available signals.
+The default signal for skill is TERM. Use \-l or \-L to list available signals.
 Particularly useful signals include HUP, INT, KILL, STOP, CONT, and 0.
-Alternate signals may be specified in three ways: -9 -SIGKILL -KILL.
+Alternate signals may be specified in three ways: \-9 \-SIGKILL \-KILL.
 
 The default priority for snice is +4. (snice +4 ...)
-Priority numbers range from +20 (slowest) to -20 (fastest).
+Priority numbers range from +20 (slowest) to \-20 (fastest).
 Negative priority numbers are restricted to administrative users.
 
 .SH "GENERAL OPTIONS"
 .TS
-l l l.
+lB l l.
--f	fast mode	This is not currently useful.
+\-f	fast mode	This is not currently useful.
--i	interactive use	T{
+\-i	interactive use	You will be asked to approve each action.
-You will be asked to approve each action.
+\-v	verbose output	Display information about selected processes.
-T}
+\-w	warnings enabled	This is not currently useful.
--v	verbose output	T{
+\-n	no action	This only displays the process ID.
-Display information about selected processes.
+\-V	show version	Displays version of program.
-T}
--w	warnings enabled	This is not currently useful.
--n	no action	This only displays the process ID.
--V	show version	Displays version of program.
 .TE
 
 .SH "PROCESS SELECTION OPTIONS"
@@ -49,11 +50,11 @@ Selection criteria can be: terminal, user, pid, command.
 The options below may be used to ensure correct interpretation.
 Do not blame Albert for this interesting interface.
 .TS
-l l.
+lB l.
--t	The next argument is a terminal (tty or pty).
+\-t	The next argument is a terminal (tty or pty).
--u	The next argument is a username.
+\-u	The next argument is a username.
--p	The next argument is a process ID number.
+\-p	The next argument is a process ID number.
--c	The next argument is a command name.
+\-c	The next argument is a command name.
 .TE
 
 .SH SIGNALS
@@ -63,7 +64,6 @@ When known, numbers and default behavior are shown.
 lB rB lB lB
 lfCW r l l.
 Name	Num	Action	Description
-.TH
 0	0	n/a	exit code indicates if a signal may be sent
 ALRM	14	exit
 HUP	1	exit
@@ -104,15 +104,20 @@ XFSZ		core	core dump may fail
 lB lB
 lfCW l.
 Command	Description
-.TC
 snice seti crack +7	Slow down seti and crack
-skill -KILL -v /dev/pts/*	Kill users on new-style PTY devices
+skill \-KILL \-v /dev/pts/*	Kill users on new-style PTY devices
-skill -STOP viro lm davem	Stop 3 users
+skill \-STOP viro lm davem	Stop 3 users
-snice -17 root bash	Give priority to root's shell
+snice \-17 root bash	Give priority to root's shell
 .TE
 
 .SH "SEE ALSO"
-killall(1) pkill(1) kill(1) renice(1) nice(1) signal(7) kill(2)
+.BR killall (1),
+.BR pkill (1),
+.BR kill (1),
+.BR renice (1),
+.BR nice (1),
+.BR kill (2),
+.BR signal (7)
 
 .SH STANDARDS
 No standards apply.

slabtop.1

@@ -7,36 +7,39 @@
 slabtop \- display kernel slab cache information in real time
 
 .SH SYNOPSIS
-.BI "slabtop [ " options " ] "
+.B slabtop
+.RI [ options ]
 
 .SH DESCRIPTION
-.BR slabtop (1)
+.B slabtop
 displays detailed kernel slab cache information in real time.  It displays a
 listing of the top caches sorted by one of the listed sort criteria.  It also
 displays a statistics header filled with slab layer information.
 
 .SH OPTIONS
 Normal invocation of 
-.BR slabtop (1)
+.B slabtop
 does not require any options.  The behavior, however, can be fine-tuned by
 specifying one or more of the following flags:
 .TP
-.B \-\^\-delay=n, \-d n
+.B \-\-delay=\fIn\fR, \fB\-d \fIn
-Refresh the display every n seconds.  By default,
+Refresh the display every
-.BR slabtop (1)
+.I n
+in seconds.  By default,
+.B slabtop
 refreshes the display every three seconds.  To exit the program, hit
 .BR q.
 .TP
-.B \-\^\-sort=S, \-s S
+.B \-\-sort=\fIS\fR, \fB\-s\fR \fIS
-Sort by S, where S is one of the sort criteria.
+Sort by \fIS\fR, where \fIS\fR is one of the sort criteria.
 .TP
-.B \-\^\-once, \-o
+.B \-\-once\fR, \fB\-o
 Display the output once and then exit.
 .TP
-.B \-\^\-version, \-V
+.B \-\-version\fR, \fB\-V
 Display version information and exit.
 .TP
-.B \-\^\-help
+.B \-\-help
 Display usage information and exit.
 
 .SH SORT CRITERIA
@@ -78,7 +81,7 @@ sort by object size
 sort by cache utilization
 
 .SH COMMANDS
-.BR slabtop (1)
+.B slabtop
 accepts keyboard commands from the user during use.  The following are
 supported.  In the case of letters, both cases are accepted.
 
@@ -94,7 +97,9 @@ Refresh the screen.
 Quit the program.
 
 .SH FILES
-.IR /proc/slabinfo " \-\- slab information"
+.TP
+.I /proc/slabinfo
+slab information
 
 .SH "SEE ALSO"
 .BR free (1),
@@ -104,7 +109,7 @@ Quit the program.
 
 .SH NOTES
 Currently,
-.BR slabtop (1)
+.B slabtop
 requires a 2.4 or later kernel (specifically, a version 1.1 or later
 .IR /proc/slabinfo ).
 Kernel 2.2 should be supported in the future.
@@ -116,7 +121,7 @@ file is tracking information about used slab physical memory.
 .SH AUTHORS
 Written by Chris Rivera and Robert Love.
 
-.BR slabtop (1)
+.B slabtop
 was inspired by Martin Bligh's perl script,
 .BR vmtop .
 The procps package is maintained by Albert Cahalan <albert@users.sf.net>.

sysctl.8

@@ -10,76 +10,108 @@
 .SH NAME
 sysctl \- configure kernel parameters at runtime
 .SH SYNOPSIS
-.B "sysctl [-n] [-e] variable ..."
+.B sysctl
+.RB [ \-n ]
+.RB [ \-e ]
+.I variable
+\&...
 .br
-.B "sysctl [-n] [-e] [-q] -w variable=value ..."
+.B sysctl
+.RB [ \-n ]
+.RB [ \-e ]
+.RB [ \-q ]
+.B \-w
+.IR variable = value
+\&...
 .br
-.B "sysctl [-n] [-e] [-q] -p <filename>"
+.B sysctl
+.RB [ \-n ]
+.RB [ \-e ]
+.RB [ \-q ]
+.B \-p
+.RI [ filename ]
 .br
-.B "sysctl [-n] [-e] -a"
+.B sysctl
+.RB [ \-n ]
+.RB [ \-e ]
+.B \-a
 .br
-.B "sysctl [-n] [-e] -A"
+.B sysctl
+.RB [ \-n ]
+.RB [ \-e ]
+.B \-A
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 .B sysctl
 is used to modify kernel parameters at runtime.  The parameters available
 are those listed under /proc/sys/.  Procfs is required for 
-.B sysctl(8)
+.B sysctl
 support in Linux.  You can use
-.B sysctl(8)
+.B sysctl
 to both read and write sysctl data.
 .SH PARAMETERS
 .TP
-.B "variable"
+.I variable
 The name of a key to read from.  An example is kernel.ostype.  The '/'
 separator is also accepted in place of a '.'.
 .TP
-.B "variable=value"
+.IR  variable = value
-To set a key, use the form variable=value, where variable is the key and
+To set a key, use the form
-value is the value to set it to.  If the value contains quotes or characters
+.IR  variable = value
+where
+.I variable
+is the key and
+.I value
+is the value to set it to.  If the value contains quotes or characters
 which are parsed by the shell, you may need to enclose the value in double
-quotes.  This requires the -w parameter to use.
+quotes.  This requires the
+.B \-w
+parameter to use.
 .TP
-.B "-n"
+.B \-n
 Use this option to disable printing of the key name when printing values.
 .TP
-.B "-e"
+.B \-e
 Use this option to ignore errors about unknown keys.
 .TP
-.B "-N"
+.B \-N
 Use this option to only print the names. It may be useful with shells that
 have programmable completion.
 .TP
-.B "-q"
+.B \-q
 Use this option to not display the values set to stdout.
 .TP
-.B "-w"
+.B \-w
 Use this option when you want to change a sysctl setting.
 .TP
-.B "-p"
+.B \-p
 Load in sysctl settings from the file specified or /etc/sysctl.conf if none given.
 Specifying \- as filename means reading data from standard input.
 .TP
-.B "-a"
+.B \-a
 Display all values currently available.
 .TP
-.B "-A"
+.B \-A
 Display all values currently available in table form.
 .SH EXAMPLES
-.TP
+/sbin/sysctl \-a
-/sbin/sysctl -a
+.br
-.TP
+/sbin/sysctl \-n kernel.hostname
-/sbin/sysctl -n kernel.hostname
+.br
-.TP
+/sbin/sysctl \-w kernel.domainname="example.com"
-/sbin/sysctl -w kernel.domainname="example.com"
+.br
-.TP
+/sbin/sysctl \-p /etc/sysctl.conf
-/sbin/sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.conf 
 .SH FILES
 .I /proc/sys
+.br
 .I /etc/sysctl.conf
 .SH SEE ALSO
 .BR sysctl.conf (5)
 .SH BUGS
-The -A parameter behaves just as -a does.
+The
+.B \-A
+parameter behaves just as
+.B \-a
+does.
 .SH AUTHOR
 George Staikos, <staikos@0wned.org>
 

tload.1

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ The
 .BI "\-d" " delay"
 option sets the time argument for an
 .BR alarm (2);
-if -d 0 is specified, the alarm is set to 0, which will never send the
+if \-d 0 is specified, the alarm is set to 0, which will never send the
 .B SIGALRM
 and update the display.
 

uptime.1

@@ -6,7 +6,8 @@ uptime \- Tell how long the system has been running.
 .SH SYNOPSIS
 .B uptime
 .br
-.BR uptime " [" "\-V" ]
+.B uptime
+.RB [ \-V ]
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 .B uptime
 gives a one line display of the following information.
@@ -14,13 +15,25 @@ The current time,
 how long the system has been running,
 how many users are currently logged on,
 and the system load averages for the past 1, 5, and 15 minutes.
-.sp
+
 This is the same information contained in the header line displayed by 
 .BR w (1).
+.sp
+System load averages is the average number of processes that are either
+in a runnable or uninterruptable state.  A process in a runnable state is
+either using the CPU or waiting to use the CPU. A process in
+uninterruptable state is waiting for some I/O access, eg waiting for
+disk.  The averages are taken over the three time intervals.
+Load averages are not normalized for the number of CPUs in a system, so
+a load average of 1 means a single CPU system is loaded all the time
+while on a 4 CPU system it means it was idle 75% of the time.
 .SH FILES
-.IR /var/run/utmp "	information about who is currently logged on"
+.TP
-.br
+.I /var/run/utmp
-.IR /proc "	process information"
+information about who is currently logged on
+.TP
+.I /proc
+process information
 .SH AUTHORS
 .B uptime
 was written by Larry Greenfield <greenfie@gauss.rutgers.edu> and

vmstat.8

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 .\"  This page Copyright (C) 1994 Henry Ware <al172@yfn.ysu.edu>
 .\"  Distributed under the GPL, Copyleft 1994.
-.TH VMSTAT 8 "27 July 1994 " "Throatwobbler Ginkgo Labs" "Linux Administrator's Manual"
+.TH VMSTAT 8 "2009 Jan 9" "Throatwobbler Ginkgo Labs" "Linux Administrator's Manual"
 .SH NAME
 vmstat \- Report virtual memory statistics
 .SH SYNOPSIS
@@ -22,32 +22,35 @@ vmstat \- Report virtual memory statistics
 .RB [ "\-d"]
 .br
 .B vmstat
+.RB [ "\-D"]
+.br
+.B vmstat
 .RB [ "\-p disk partition"]
 .br
 .B vmstat
 .RB [ "\-V" ]
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 \fBvmstat\fP reports information about processes, memory, paging,
-block IO, traps, and cpu activity.
+block IO, traps, disks and cpu activity.
 
 The first report produced gives averages since the last reboot.  Additional
 reports give information on a sampling period of length \fIdelay\fP.
 The process and memory reports are instantaneous in either case.
 
 .SS Options
-The \fB-a\fP switch displays active/inactive memory, given a 2.5.41 kernel or better.
+The \fB\-a\fP switch displays active/inactive memory, given a 2.5.41 kernel or better.
 .PP
-The \fB-f\fP switch displays the number of forks since boot.
+The \fB\-f\fP switch displays the number of forks since boot.
 This includes the fork, vfork, and clone system calls, and is
 equivalent to the total number of tasks created. Each process
 is represented by one or more tasks, depending on thread usage.
 This display does not repeat.
 .PP
-The \fB-m\fP displays slabinfo.
+The \fB\-m\fP displays slabinfo.
 .PP
-The \fB-n\fP switch causes the header to be displayed only once rather than periodically.
+The \fB\-n\fP switch causes the header to be displayed only once rather than periodically.
 .PP
-The \fB-s\fP switch displays a table of various event counters
+The \fB\-s\fP switch displays a table of various event counters
 and memory statistics. This display does not repeat.
 .PP
 .I delay
@@ -58,13 +61,15 @@ only one report is printed with the average values since boot.
 is the number of updates.  If no count is specified and delay is
 defined, \fIcount\fP defaults to infinity.
 .PP
-The \fB-d\fP reports disk statistics (2.5.70 or above required) 
+The \fB\-d\fP reports disk statistics (2.5.70 or above required)
 .PP
-The \fB-p\fP followed by some partition name for detailed statistics (2.5.70 or above required) 
+The \fB-D\fP reports some summary statistics about disk activity.
 .PP
-The \fB-S\fP followed by k or K or m or M switches outputs between 1000, 1024, 1000000, or 1048576 bytes 
+The \fB\-p\fP followed by some partition name for detailed statistics (2.5.70 or above required)
 .PP
-The \fB-V\fP switch results in displaying version information.
+The \fB\-S\fP followed by k or K or m or M switches outputs between 1000, 1024, 1000000, or 1048576 bytes
+.PP
+The \fB\-V\fP switch results in displaying version information.
 .PP
 .SH FIELD DESCRIPTION FOR VM MODE
 .SS
@@ -81,8 +86,8 @@ swpd: the amount of virtual memory used.
 free: the amount of idle memory.
 buff: the amount of memory used as buffers.
 cache: the amount of memory used as cache.
-inact: the amount of inactive memory. (-a option)
+inact: the amount of inactive memory. (\-a option)
-active: the amount of active memory. (-a option)
+active: the amount of active memory. (\-a option)
 .fi
 .PP
 .SS
@@ -104,18 +109,18 @@ bo: Blocks sent to a block device (blocks/s).
 .nf
 in: The number of interrupts per second, including the clock.
 cs: The number of context switches per second.
-.if
+.fi
 .PP
 .SS
 .B "CPU "
 These are percentages of total CPU time.
 .nf
-us: Time spent running non-kernel code. (user time, including nice time)
+us: Time spent running non\-kernel code. (user time, including nice time)
 sy: Time spent running kernel code. (system time)
-id: Time spent idle. Prior to Linux 2.5.41, this includes IO-wait time.
+id: Time spent idle. Prior to Linux 2.5.41, this includes IO\-wait time.
 wa: Time spent waiting for IO. Prior to Linux 2.5.41, included in idle.
 st: Time stolen from a virtual machine. Prior to Linux 2.6.11, unknown.
-
+.fi
 .PP
 .SH FIELD DESCRIPTION FOR DISK MODE 
 .SS
@@ -161,8 +166,6 @@ num: Number of currently active objects
 total: Total number of available objects
 size: Size of each object
 pages: Number of pages with at least one active object
-totpages: Total number of allocated pages
-pslab: Number of pages per slab
 .fi
 
 .SH NOTES
@@ -188,7 +191,12 @@ vmstat uses slabinfo 1.1    FIXME
 .fi
 
 .SH "SEE ALSO"
-iostat(1), sar(1), mpstat(1), ps(1), top(1), free(1)
+.BR iostat (1),
+.BR sar (1),
+.BR mpstat (1),
+.BR ps (1),
+.BR top (1),
+.BR free (1)
 .PP
 .SH BUGS
 Does not tabulate the block io per device or count the number of system calls.

w.1

@@ -4,26 +4,26 @@
 .SH NAME
 w \- Show who is logged on and what they are doing.
 .SH SYNOPSIS
-.B w \-
+.B w
-.RB [ husfV ]
+.RB [ \-husfV ]
 .RI [ user ]
 .SH DESCRIPTION
-.B "w "
+.B w
 displays information about the users currently on the machine,
 and their processes.
 The header shows, in this order,  the current time,
 how long the system has been running,
 how many users are currently logged on,
 and the system load averages for the past 1, 5, and 15 minutes.
-.sp
+
 The following entries are displayed for each user:
 login name, the tty name, the remote host, login time, idle time, JCPU, PCPU,
 and the command line of their current process.
-.sp
+
 The JCPU time is the time used by all processes attached to the tty.  It
 does not include past background jobs, but does include currently
 running background jobs.
-.sp
+
 The PCPU time is the time used by the current process, named in the "what"
 field.
 
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ Don't print the header.
 .TP 0.5i
 .B "\-u "
 Ignores the username while figuring out the current process and cpu
-times.  To demonstrate this, do a "su" and do a "w" and a "w -u".
+times.  To demonstrate this, do a "su" and do a "w" and a "w \-u".
 .TP 0.5i
 .B "\-s "
 Use the short format.

watch.1

@@ -1,45 +1,54 @@
-.TH WATCH 1 "1999 Apr 3" " " "Linux User's Manual"
+.TH WATCH 1 "2009 May 11" " " "Linux User's Manual"
 .SH NAME
 watch \- execute a program periodically, showing output fullscreen
 .SH SYNOPSIS
+.na
 .B watch
-.I [\-dhvt] [\-n <seconds>] [\-\-differences[=cumulative]] [\-\-help] [\-\-interval=<seconds>] [\-\-no\-title] [\-\-version] <command>
+.RB [ \-dhvt ]
+.RB [ \-n
+.IR seconds ]
+.RB [ \-\-differences[=\fIcumulative\fP]]
+.RB [ \-\-help ]
+.RB [ \-\-interval=\fIseconds\fP]
+.RB [ \-\-no\-title ]
+.RB [ \-\-version ]
+.I command
 .SH DESCRIPTION
-.BR watch
+.B watch
 runs
 .I command
 repeatedly, displaying its output (the first screenfull).  This allows you to
 watch the program output change over time.  By default, the program is run
 every 2 seconds; use 
-.I -n
+.B \-n
 or
-.I --interval
+.B \-\-interval
 to specify a different interval.
 .PP
 The
-.I -d
+.B \-d
 or
-.I --differences
+.B \-\-differences
-flag will highlight the differences between successive updates.  The 
+flag will highlight the differences between successive updates.  Using
-.I --cumulative
+.B \-\-differences=\fIcumulative\fP
-option makes highlighting "sticky", presenting a running display of all
+makes highlighting "sticky", presenting a running display of all
 positions that have ever changed.  The
-.I -t
+.B \-t
 or
-.I --no-title
+.B \-\-no\-title
 option turns off the header showing the interval, command, and current
 time at the top of the display, as well as the following blank line.
 .PP
-.BR watch
+.B watch
 will run until interrupted.
 .SH NOTE
 Note that
 .I command
-is given to "sh -c"
+is given to "sh \-c"
 which means that you may need to use extra quoting to get the desired effect.
 .PP
 Note that POSIX option processing is used (i.e., option processing stops at
-the first non-option argument).  This means that flags after
+the first non\-option argument).  This means that flags after
 .I command
 don't get interpreted by
 .BR watch
@@ -61,20 +70,20 @@ watch \-d 'ls \-l | fgrep joe'
 To see the effects of quoting, try these out
 .IP
 watch echo $$
-.IP
+.br
 watch echo '$$'
-.IP
+.br
 watch echo "'"'$$'"'"
 .PP
 You can watch for your administrator to install the latest kernel with
 .IP
-watch uname -r
+watch uname \-r
 .PP
 (Just kidding.)
 .SH BUGS
 Upon terminal resize, the screen will not be correctly repainted until the
 next scheduled update.  All
-.I --differences
+.B \-\-differences
 highlighting is lost on that update as well.
 .PP
 Non-printing characters are stripped from program output.  Use "cat -v" as