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shadow/src/useradd.c

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/*
* Copyright 1991 - 1994, Julianne Frances Haugh
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. Neither the name of Julianne F. Haugh nor the names of its contributors
* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
* without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY JULIE HAUGH AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL JULIE HAUGH OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
#include <config.h>
#ident "$Id: useradd.c,v 1.100 2006/07/28 17:42:48 kloczek Exp $"
#include <ctype.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <getopt.h>
#include <grp.h>
#include <lastlog.h>
#include <pwd.h>
#ifdef USE_PAM
#include "pam_defs.h"
#endif /* USE_PAM */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <time.h>
#include "chkname.h"
#include "defines.h"
#include "faillog.h"
#include "getdef.h"
#include "groupio.h"
#include "nscd.h"
#include "prototypes.h"
#include "pwauth.h"
#include "pwio.h"
#ifdef SHADOWGRP
#include "sgroupio.h"
#endif
#include "shadowio.h"
#ifndef SKEL_DIR
#define SKEL_DIR "/etc/skel"
#endif
#ifndef USER_DEFAULTS_FILE
#define USER_DEFAULTS_FILE "/etc/default/useradd"
#define NEW_USER_FILE "/etc/default/nuaddXXXXXX"
#endif
/*
* Needed for MkLinux DR1/2/2.1 - J.
*/
#ifndef LASTLOG_FILE
#define LASTLOG_FILE "/var/log/lastlog"
#endif
/*
* Global variables
*/
/*
* These defaults are used if there is no defaults file.
*/
static gid_t def_group = 100;
static const char *def_gname = "other";
static const char *def_home = "/home";
static const char *def_shell = "";
static const char *def_template = SKEL_DIR;
static const char *def_create_mail_spool = "no";
static long def_inactive = -1;
static const char *def_expire = "";
static char def_file[] = USER_DEFAULTS_FILE;
#define VALID(s) (strcspn (s, ":\n") == strlen (s))
static const char *user_name = "";
static const char *user_pass = "!";
static uid_t user_id;
static gid_t user_gid;
static const char *user_comment = "";
static const char *user_home = "";
static const char *user_shell = "";
static const char *create_mail_spool = "";
static long user_expire = -1;
static int is_shadow_pwd;
#ifdef SHADOWGRP
static int is_shadow_grp;
#endif
static char **user_groups; /* NULL-terminated list */
static long sys_ngroups;
static int do_grp_update = 0; /* group files need to be updated */
static char *Prog;
static int
bflg = 0, /* new default root of home directory */
cflg = 0, /* comment (GECOS) field for new account */
dflg = 0, /* home directory for new account */
Dflg = 0, /* set/show new user default values */
eflg = 0, /* days since 1970-01-01 when account is locked */
fflg = 0, /* days until account with expired password is locked */
gflg = 0, /* primary group ID for new account */
Gflg = 0, /* secondary group set for new account */
kflg = 0, /* specify a directory to fill new user directory */
mflg = 0, /* create user's home directory if it doesn't exist */
nflg = 0, /* create a group having the same name as the user */
oflg = 0, /* permit non-unique user ID to be specified with -u */
sflg = 0, /* shell program for new account */
uflg = 0; /* specify user ID for new account */
extern char *optarg;
extern int optind;
static int home_added;
/*
* exit status values
*/
#define E_SUCCESS 0 /* success */
#define E_PW_UPDATE 1 /* can't update password file */
#define E_USAGE 2 /* invalid command syntax */
#define E_BAD_ARG 3 /* invalid argument to option */
#define E_UID_IN_USE 4 /* UID already in use (and no -o) */
#define E_NOTFOUND 6 /* specified group doesn't exist */
#define E_NAME_IN_USE 9 /* username already in use */
#define E_GRP_UPDATE 10 /* can't update group file */
#define E_HOMEDIR 12 /* can't create home directory */
#define E_MAIL_SPOOL 13 /* can't create mail spool */
#define DGROUP "GROUP="
#define HOME "HOME="
#define SHELL "SHELL="
#define INACT "INACTIVE="
#define EXPIRE "EXPIRE="
#define SKEL "SKEL="
#define CREATE_MAIL_SPOOL "CREATE_MAIL_SPOOL="
/* local function prototypes */
static void fail_exit (int);
static struct group *getgr_nam_gid (const char *);
static long get_number (const char *);
static uid_t get_uid (const char *);
static void get_defaults (void);
static void show_defaults (void);
static int set_defaults (void);
static int get_groups (char *);
static void usage (void);
static void new_pwent (struct passwd *);
static long scale_age (long);
static void new_spent (struct spwd *);
static void grp_update (void);
static void find_new_uid (void);
static void process_flags (int argc, char **argv);
static void close_files (void);
static void open_files (void);
static void faillog_reset (uid_t);
static void lastlog_reset (uid_t);
static void usr_update (void);
static void create_home (void);
static void create_mail (void);
/*
* fail_exit - undo as much as possible
*/
static void fail_exit (int code)
{
if (home_added)
rmdir (user_home);
#ifdef WITH_AUDIT
audit_logger (AUDIT_USER_CHAUTHTOK, Prog, "adding user", user_name, -1,
0);
#endif
SYSLOG ((LOG_INFO, "failed adding user `%s', data deleted", user_name));
exit (code);
}
static struct group *getgr_nam_gid (const char *grname)
{
long gid;
char *errptr;
gid = strtol (grname, &errptr, 10);
if (*errptr || errno == ERANGE || gid < 0) {
fprintf (stderr,
_("%s: invalid numeric argument '%s'\n"), Prog, grname);
exit (E_BAD_ARG);
}
return getgrnam (grname);
}
static long get_number (const char *numstr)
{
long val;
char *errptr;
val = strtol (numstr, &errptr, 10);
if (*errptr || errno == ERANGE) {
fprintf (stderr, _("%s: invalid numeric argument '%s'\n"), Prog,
numstr);
exit (E_BAD_ARG);
}
return val;
}
static uid_t get_uid (const char *uidstr)
{
long val;
char *errptr;
val = strtol (uidstr, &errptr, 10);
if (*errptr || errno == ERANGE || val < 0) {
fprintf (stderr,
_("%s: invalid numeric argument '%s'\n"), Prog,
uidstr);
exit (E_BAD_ARG);
}
return val;
}
#define MATCH(x,y) (strncmp((x),(y),strlen(y)) == 0)
/*
* get_defaults - read the defaults file
*
* get_defaults() reads the defaults file for this command. It sets the
* various values from the file, or uses built-in default values if the
* file does not exist.
*/
static void get_defaults (void)
{
FILE *fp;
char buf[1024];
char *cp, *ep;
const struct group *grp;
/*
* Open the defaults file for reading.
*/
if (!(fp = fopen (def_file, "r")))
return;
/*
* Read the file a line at a time. Only the lines that have relevant
* values are used, everything else can be ignored.
*/
while (fgets (buf, sizeof buf, fp)) {
if ((cp = strrchr (buf, '\n')))
*cp = '\0';
if (!(cp = strchr (buf, '=')))
continue;
cp++;
/*
* Primary GROUP identifier
*/
if (MATCH (buf, DGROUP)) {
unsigned int val = (unsigned int) strtoul (cp, &ep, 10);
if (*cp != '\0' && *ep == '\0') { /* valid number */
def_group = val;
if ((grp = getgrgid (def_group))) {
def_gname = xstrdup (grp->gr_name);
} else {
fprintf (stderr,
_("%s: unknown GID %s\n"),
Prog, cp);
}
} else if ((grp = getgrnam (cp))) {
def_group = grp->gr_gid;
def_gname = xstrdup (cp);
} else {
fprintf (stderr,
_("%s: unknown group %s\n"), Prog, cp);
}
}
/*
* Default HOME filesystem
*/
else if (MATCH (buf, HOME)) {
def_home = xstrdup (cp);
}
/*
* Default Login Shell command
*/
else if (MATCH (buf, SHELL)) {
def_shell = xstrdup (cp);
}
/*
* Default Password Inactive value
*/
else if (MATCH (buf, INACT)) {
long val = strtol (cp, &ep, 10);
if (*cp || errno == ERANGE)
def_inactive = val;
else
def_inactive = -1;
}
/*
* Default account expiration date
*/
else if (MATCH (buf, EXPIRE)) {
def_expire = xstrdup (cp);
}
/*
* Default Skeleton information
*/
else if (MATCH (buf, SKEL)) {
if (*cp == '\0')
cp = SKEL_DIR; /* XXX warning: const */
def_template = xstrdup (cp);
}
/*
* Create by default user mail spool or not ?
*/
else if (MATCH (buf, CREATE_MAIL_SPOOL)) {
if (*cp == '\0')
cp = CREATE_MAIL_SPOOL; /* XXX warning: const */
def_create_mail_spool = xstrdup (cp);
}
}
}
/*
* show_defaults - show the contents of the defaults file
*
* show_defaults() displays the values that are used from the default
* file and the built-in values.
*/
static void show_defaults (void)
{
printf ("GROUP=%u\n", (unsigned int) def_group);
printf ("HOME=%s\n", def_home);
printf ("INACTIVE=%ld\n", def_inactive);
printf ("EXPIRE=%s\n", def_expire);
printf ("SHELL=%s\n", def_shell);
printf ("SKEL=%s\n", def_template);
printf ("CREATE_MAIL_SPOOL=%s\n", def_create_mail_spool);
}
/*
* set_defaults - write new defaults file
*
* set_defaults() re-writes the defaults file using the values that
* are currently set. Duplicated lines are pruned, missing lines are
* added, and unrecognized lines are copied as is.
*/
static int set_defaults (void)
{
FILE *ifp;
FILE *ofp;
char buf[1024];
static char new_file[] = NEW_USER_FILE;
char *cp;
int ofd;
int out_group = 0;
int out_home = 0;
int out_inactive = 0;
int out_expire = 0;
int out_shell = 0;
int out_skel = 0;
int out_create_mail_spool = 0;
/*
* Create a temporary file to copy the new output to.
*/
if ((ofd = mkstemp (new_file)) == -1) {
fprintf (stderr,
_("%s: cannot create new defaults file\n"), Prog);
return -1;
}
if (!(ofp = fdopen (ofd, "w"))) {
fprintf (stderr, _("%s: cannot open new defaults file\n"),
Prog);
return -1;
}
/*
* Open the existing defaults file and copy the lines to the
* temporary file, using any new values. Each line is checked
* to insure that it is not output more than once.
*/
if (!(ifp = fopen (def_file, "r"))) {
fprintf (ofp, "# useradd defaults file\n");
goto skip;
}
while (fgets (buf, sizeof buf, ifp)) {
if ((cp = strrchr (buf, '\n')))
*cp = '\0';
if (!out_group && MATCH (buf, DGROUP)) {
fprintf (ofp, DGROUP "%u\n", (unsigned int) def_group);
out_group++;
} else if (!out_home && MATCH (buf, HOME)) {
fprintf (ofp, HOME "%s\n", def_home);
out_home++;
} else if (!out_inactive && MATCH (buf, INACT)) {
fprintf (ofp, INACT "%ld\n", def_inactive);
out_inactive++;
} else if (!out_expire && MATCH (buf, EXPIRE)) {
fprintf (ofp, EXPIRE "%s\n", def_expire);
out_expire++;
} else if (!out_shell && MATCH (buf, SHELL)) {
fprintf (ofp, SHELL "%s\n", def_shell);
out_shell++;
} else if (!out_skel && MATCH (buf, SKEL)) {
fprintf (ofp, SKEL "%s\n", def_template);
out_skel++;
} else if (!out_create_mail_spool
&& MATCH (buf, CREATE_MAIL_SPOOL)) {
fprintf (ofp, CREATE_MAIL_SPOOL "%s\n",
def_create_mail_spool);
out_create_mail_spool++;
} else
fprintf (ofp, "%s\n", buf);
}
fclose (ifp);
skip:
/*
* Check each line to insure that every line was output. This
* causes new values to be added to a file which did not previously
* have an entry for that value.
*/
if (!out_group)
fprintf (ofp, DGROUP "%u\n", (unsigned int) def_group);
if (!out_home)
fprintf (ofp, HOME "%s\n", def_home);
if (!out_inactive)
fprintf (ofp, INACT "%ld\n", def_inactive);
if (!out_expire)
fprintf (ofp, EXPIRE "%s\n", def_expire);
if (!out_shell)
fprintf (ofp, SHELL "%s\n", def_shell);
if (!out_skel)
fprintf (ofp, SKEL "%s\n", def_template);
if (!out_create_mail_spool)
fprintf (ofp, CREATE_MAIL_SPOOL "%s\n", def_create_mail_spool);
/*
* Flush and close the file. Check for errors to make certain
* the new file is intact.
*/
fflush (ofp);
if (ferror (ofp) || fclose (ofp)) {
unlink (new_file);
return -1;
}
/*
* Rename the current default file to its backup name.
*/
snprintf (buf, sizeof buf, "%s-", def_file);
if (rename (def_file, buf) && errno != ENOENT) {
snprintf (buf, sizeof buf, _("%s: rename: %s"), Prog, def_file);
perror (buf);
unlink (new_file);
return -1;
}
/*
* Rename the new default file to its correct name.
*/
if (rename (new_file, def_file)) {
snprintf (buf, sizeof buf, _("%s: rename: %s"), Prog, new_file);
perror (buf);
return -1;
}
#ifdef WITH_AUDIT
audit_logger (AUDIT_USER_CHAUTHTOK, Prog, "changing user defaults",
NULL, -1, 1);
#endif
SYSLOG ((LOG_INFO,
"useradd defaults: GROUP=%u, HOME=%s, SHELL=%s, INACTIVE=%ld, "
"EXPIRE=%s, SKEL=%s, CREATE_MAIL_SPOOL=%s",
(unsigned int) def_group, def_home, def_shell,
def_inactive, def_expire, def_template,
def_create_mail_spool));
return 0;
}
/*
* get_groups - convert a list of group names to an array of group IDs
*
* get_groups() takes a comma-separated list of group names and
* converts it to a NULL-terminated array. Any unknown group
* names are reported as errors.
*/
static int get_groups (char *list)
{
char *cp;
const struct group *grp;
int errors = 0;
int ngroups = 0;
if (!*list)
return 0;
/*
* So long as there is some data to be converted, strip off
* each name and look it up. A mix of numerical and string
* values for group identifiers is permitted.
*/
do {
/*
* Strip off a single name from the list
*/
if ((cp = strchr (list, ',')))
*cp++ = '\0';
/*
* Names starting with digits are treated as numerical
* GID values, otherwise the string is looked up as is.
*/
grp = getgr_nam_gid (list);
/*
* There must be a match, either by GID value or by
* string name.
*/
if (!grp) {
fprintf (stderr, _("%s: unknown group %s\n"),
Prog, list);
errors++;
}
list = cp;
/*
* If the group doesn't exist, don't dump core...
* Instead, try the next one. --marekm
*/
if (!grp)
continue;
#ifdef USE_NIS
/*
* Don't add this group if they are an NIS group. Tell
* the user to go to the server for this group.
*/
if (__isgrNIS ()) {
fprintf (stderr,
_("%s: group '%s' is a NIS group.\n"),
Prog, grp->gr_name);
continue;
}
#endif
if (ngroups == sys_ngroups) {
fprintf (stderr,
_
("%s: too many groups specified (max %d).\n"),
Prog, ngroups);
break;
}
/*
* Add the group name to the user's list of groups.
*/
user_groups[ngroups++] = xstrdup (grp->gr_name);
} while (list);
user_groups[ngroups] = (char *) 0;
/*
* Any errors in finding group names are fatal
*/
if (errors)
return -1;
return 0;
}
/*
* usage - display usage message and exit
*/
static void usage (void)
{
fprintf (stderr, _("Usage: useradd [options] LOGIN\n"
"\n"
"Options:\n"
" -b, --base-dir BASE_DIR base directory for the new user account\n"
" home directory\n"
" -c, --comment COMMENT set the GECOS field for the new user account\n"
" -d, --home-dir HOME_DIR home directory for the new user account\n"
" -D, --defaults print or save modified default useradd\n"
" configuration\n"
" -e, --expiredate EXPIRE_DATE set account expiration date to EXPIRE_DATE\n"
" -f, --inactive INACTIVE set password inactive after expiration\n"
" to INACTIVE\n"
" -g, --gid GROUP force use GROUP for the new user account\n"
" -G, --groups GROUPS list of supplementary groups for the new\n"
" user account\n"
" -h, --help display this help message and exit\n"
" -k, --skel SKEL_DIR specify an alternative skel directory\n"
" -K, --key KEY=VALUE overrides /etc/login.defs defaults\n"
" -m, --create-home create home directory for the new user\n"
" account\n"
" -o, --non-unique allow create user with duplicate\n"
" (non-unique) UID\n"
" -p, --password PASSWORD use encrypted password for the new user\n"
" account\n"
" -s, --shell SHELL the login shell for the new user account\n"
" -u, --uid UID force use the UID for the new user account\n"
"\n"));
exit (E_USAGE);
}
/*
* new_pwent - initialize the values in a password file entry
*
* new_pwent() takes all of the values that have been entered and
* fills in a (struct passwd) with them.
*/
static void new_pwent (struct passwd *pwent)
{
memzero (pwent, sizeof *pwent);
pwent->pw_name = (char *) user_name;
if (is_shadow_pwd)
pwent->pw_passwd = (char *) SHADOW_PASSWD_STRING;
else
pwent->pw_passwd = (char *) user_pass;
pwent->pw_uid = user_id;
pwent->pw_gid = user_gid;
pwent->pw_gecos = (char *) user_comment;
pwent->pw_dir = (char *) user_home;
pwent->pw_shell = (char *) user_shell;
}
static long scale_age (long x)
{
if (x <= 0)
return x;
return x * (DAY / SCALE);
}
/*
* new_spent - initialize the values in a shadow password file entry
*
* new_spent() takes all of the values that have been entered and
* fills in a (struct spwd) with them.
*/
static void new_spent (struct spwd *spent)
{
memzero (spent, sizeof *spent);
spent->sp_namp = (char *) user_name;
spent->sp_pwdp = (char *) user_pass;
spent->sp_lstchg = time ((time_t *) 0) / SCALE;
spent->sp_min = scale_age (getdef_num ("PASS_MIN_DAYS", -1));
spent->sp_max = scale_age (getdef_num ("PASS_MAX_DAYS", -1));
spent->sp_warn = scale_age (getdef_num ("PASS_WARN_AGE", -1));
spent->sp_inact = scale_age (def_inactive);
spent->sp_expire = scale_age (user_expire);
spent->sp_flag = -1;
}
/*
* grp_update - add user to secondary group set
*
* grp_update() takes the secondary group set given in user_groups
* and adds the user to each group given by that set.
*/
static void grp_update (void)
{
const struct group *grp;
struct group *ngrp;
#ifdef SHADOWGRP
const struct sgrp *sgrp;
struct sgrp *nsgrp;
#endif
/*
* Test for unique entries of user_groups in /etc/group
* pvrabec@redhat.com
*/
char **user_groups_tmp = user_groups;
while (*user_groups_tmp) {
int count = 0;
for (gr_rewind (), grp = gr_next (); grp && count < 2;
grp = gr_next ()) {
if (strcmp (*user_groups_tmp, grp->gr_name) == 0) {
count++;
}
}
if (count > 1) {
fprintf (stderr,
"%s: error not unique group names in group file\n",
Prog);
fail_exit (E_GRP_UPDATE);
}
user_groups_tmp++;
}
/* Locking and opening of the group files moved to open_files() --gafton */
/*
* Scan through the entire group file looking for the groups that
* the user is a member of.
*/
for (gr_rewind (), grp = gr_next (); grp; grp = gr_next ()) {
/*
* See if the user specified this group as one of their
* concurrent groups.
*/
if (!is_on_list (user_groups, grp->gr_name))
continue;
/*
* Make a copy - gr_update() will free() everything
* from the old entry, and we need it later.
*/
ngrp = __gr_dup (grp);
if (!ngrp) {
fail_exit (E_GRP_UPDATE); /* XXX */
}
/*
* Add the username to the list of group members and
* update the group entry to reflect the change.
*/
ngrp->gr_mem = add_list (ngrp->gr_mem, user_name);
if (!gr_update (ngrp)) {
fprintf (stderr,
_("%s: error adding new group entry\n"), Prog);
fail_exit (E_GRP_UPDATE);
}
#ifdef WITH_AUDIT
audit_logger (AUDIT_USER_CHAUTHTOK, Prog,
"adding user to group", user_name, -1, 1);
#endif
SYSLOG ((LOG_INFO, "add `%s' to group `%s'",
user_name, ngrp->gr_name));
}
#ifdef SHADOWGRP
if (!is_shadow_grp)
return;
/*
* Scan through the entire shadow group file looking for the groups
* that the user is a member of. The administrative list isn't
* modified.
*/
for (sgr_rewind (), sgrp = sgr_next (); sgrp; sgrp = sgr_next ()) {
/*
* See if the user specified this group as one of their
* concurrent groups.
*/
if (!gr_locate (sgrp->sg_name))
continue;
if (!is_on_list (user_groups, sgrp->sg_name))
continue;
/*
* Make a copy - sgr_update() will free() everything
* from the old entry, and we need it later.
*/
nsgrp = __sgr_dup (sgrp);
if (!nsgrp) {
fail_exit (E_GRP_UPDATE); /* XXX */
}
/*
* Add the username to the list of group members and
* update the group entry to reflect the change.
*/
nsgrp->sg_mem = add_list (nsgrp->sg_mem, user_name);
if (!sgr_update (nsgrp)) {
fprintf (stderr,
_("%s: error adding new group entry\n"), Prog);
fail_exit (E_GRP_UPDATE);
}
#ifdef WITH_AUDIT
audit_logger (AUDIT_USER_CHAUTHTOK, Prog,
"adding user to shadow group", user_name, -1, 1);
#endif
SYSLOG ((LOG_INFO, "add `%s' to shadow group `%s'",
user_name, nsgrp->sg_name));
}
#endif /* SHADOWGRP */
}
/*
* find_new_uid - find the next available UID
*
* find_new_uid() locates the next highest unused UID in the password
* file, or checks the given user ID against the existing ones for
* uniqueness.
*/
static void find_new_uid (void)
{
const struct passwd *pwd;
uid_t uid_min, uid_max;
uid_min = getdef_unum ("UID_MIN", 1000);
uid_max = getdef_unum ("UID_MAX", 60000);
/*
* Start with some UID value if the user didn't provide us with
* one already.
*/
if (!uflg)
user_id = uid_min;
/*
* Search the entire password file, either looking for this
* UID (if the user specified one with -u) or looking for the
* largest unused value.
*/
#ifdef NO_GETPWENT
pw_rewind ();
while ((pwd = pw_next ())) {
#else /* using getpwent() we can check against NIS users etc. */
setpwent ();
while ((pwd = getpwent ())) {
#endif
if (strcmp (user_name, pwd->pw_name) == 0) {
fprintf (stderr, _("%s: name %s is not unique\n"),
Prog, user_name);
#ifdef WITH_AUDIT
audit_logger (AUDIT_USER_CHAUTHTOK, Prog, "adding user",
user_name, user_id, 0);
#endif
exit (E_NAME_IN_USE);
}
if (uflg && user_id == pwd->pw_uid) {
fprintf (stderr, _("%s: UID %u is not unique\n"),
Prog, (unsigned int) user_id);
#ifdef WITH_AUDIT
audit_logger (AUDIT_USER_CHAUTHTOK, Prog, "adding user",
user_name, user_id, 0);
#endif
exit (E_UID_IN_USE);
}
if (!uflg && pwd->pw_uid >= user_id) {
if (pwd->pw_uid > uid_max)
continue;
user_id = pwd->pw_uid + 1;
}
}
/*
* If a user with UID equal to UID_MAX exists, the above algorithm
* will give us UID_MAX+1 even if not unique. Search for the first
* free UID starting with UID_MIN (it's O(n*n) but can be avoided
* by not having users with UID equal to UID_MAX). --marekm
*/
if (!uflg && user_id == uid_max + 1) {
for (user_id = uid_min; user_id < uid_max; user_id++) {
#ifdef NO_GETPWENT
pw_rewind ();
while ((pwd = pw_next ())
&& pwd->pw_uid != user_id);
if (!pwd)
break;
#else
if (!getpwuid (user_id))
break;
#endif
}
if (user_id == uid_max) {
fprintf (stderr, _("%s: can't get unique UID\n"), Prog);
fail_exit (E_UID_IN_USE);
}
}
}
/*
* find_new_gid - find the next available GID
*
* find_new_gid() locates the next highest unused GID in the group
* file, or checks the given group ID against the existing ones for
* uniqueness.
*/
static void find_new_gid ()
{
const struct group *grp;
gid_t gid_min, gid_max;
gid_min = getdef_num ("GID_MIN", 500);
gid_max = getdef_num ("GID_MAX", 60000);
/*
* Start with some GID value if the user didn't provide us with
* one already.
*/
user_gid = gid_min;
/*
* Search the entire group file, either looking for this
* GID (if the user specified one with -g) or looking for the
* largest unused value.
*/
#ifdef NO_GETGRENT
gr_rewind ();
while ((grp = gr_next ()))
#else
setgrent ();
while ((grp = getgrent ()))
#endif
{
if (strcmp (user_name, grp->gr_name) == 0) {
user_gid = grp->gr_gid;
return;
}
if (grp->gr_gid >= user_gid) {
if (grp->gr_gid > gid_max)
continue;
user_gid = grp->gr_gid + 1;
}
}
#ifndef NO_GETGRENT /* glibc does have this, so ... */
/* A quick test gets here: if the UID is available
* as a GID, go ahead and use it */
if (!getgrgid (user_id)) {
user_gid = user_id;
return;
}
#endif
if (user_gid == gid_max + 1) {
for (user_gid = gid_min; user_gid < gid_max; user_gid++) {
#ifdef NO_GETGRENT
gr_rewind ();
while ((grp = gr_next ()) && grp->gr_gid != user_gid);
if (!grp)
break;
#else
if (!getgrgid (user_gid))
break;
#endif
}
if (user_gid == gid_max) {
fprintf (stderr,
"%s: can't get unique gid (run out of GIDs)\n",
Prog);
fail_exit (4);
}
}
}
/*
* process_flags - perform command line argument setting
*
* process_flags() interprets the command line arguments and sets
* the values that the user will be created with accordingly. The
* values are checked for sanity.
*/
static void process_flags (int argc, char **argv)
{
const struct group *grp;
int anyflag = 0;
char *cp;
{
/*
* Parse the command line options.
*/
int c;
static struct option long_options[] = {
{"base-dir", required_argument, NULL, 'b'},
{"comment", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
{"home-dir", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
{"defaults", required_argument, NULL, 'D'},
{"expiredate", required_argument, NULL, 'e'},
{"inactive", required_argument, NULL, 'f'},
{"gid", required_argument, NULL, 'g'},
{"groups", required_argument, NULL, 'G'},
{"help", no_argument, NULL, 'h'},
{"skel", required_argument, NULL, 'k'},
{"key", required_argument, NULL, 'K'},
{"create-home", no_argument, NULL, 'm'},
{"non-unique", no_argument, NULL, 'o'},
{"password", required_argument, NULL, 'p'},
{"shell", required_argument, NULL, 's'},
{"uid", required_argument, NULL, 'u'},
{NULL, 0, NULL, '\0'}
};
while ((c =
getopt_long (argc, argv, "b:c:d:De:f:g:G:k:K:mMop:s:u:",
long_options, NULL)) != -1) {
switch (c) {
case 'b':
if (!Dflg)
usage ();
if (!VALID (optarg)
|| optarg[0] != '/') {
fprintf (stderr,
_
("%s: invalid base directory '%s'\n"),
Prog, optarg);
exit (E_BAD_ARG);
}
def_home = optarg;
bflg++;
break;
case 'c':
if (!VALID (optarg)) {
fprintf (stderr,
_
("%s: invalid comment '%s'\n"),
Prog, optarg);
exit (E_BAD_ARG);
}
user_comment = optarg;
cflg++;
break;
case 'd':
if (!VALID (optarg)
|| optarg[0] != '/') {
fprintf (stderr,
_
("%s: invalid home directory '%s'\n"),
Prog, optarg);
exit (E_BAD_ARG);
}
user_home = optarg;
dflg++;
break;
case 'D':
if (anyflag)
usage ();
Dflg++;
break;
case 'e':
if (*optarg) {
user_expire = strtoday (optarg);
if (user_expire == -1) {
fprintf (stderr,
_
("%s: invalid date '%s'\n"),
Prog, optarg);
exit (E_BAD_ARG);
}
} else
user_expire = -1;
/*
* -e "" is allowed - it's a no-op without /etc/shadow
*/
if (*optarg && !is_shadow_pwd) {
fprintf (stderr,
_
("%s: shadow passwords required for -e\n"),
Prog);
exit (E_USAGE);
}
if (Dflg)
def_expire = optarg;
eflg++;
break;
case 'f':
def_inactive = get_number (optarg);
/*
* -f -1 is allowed - it's a no-op without /etc/shadow
*/
if (def_inactive != -1 && !is_shadow_pwd) {
fprintf (stderr,
_
("%s: shadow passwords required for -f\n"),
Prog);
exit (E_USAGE);
}
fflg++;
break;
case 'g':
grp = getgr_nam_gid (optarg);
if (!grp) {
fprintf (stderr,
_
("%s: unknown group %s\n"),
Prog, optarg);
exit (E_NOTFOUND);
}
if (Dflg) {
def_group = grp->gr_gid;
def_gname = optarg;
} else {
user_gid = grp->gr_gid;
}
gflg++;
break;
case 'G':
if (get_groups (optarg))
exit (E_NOTFOUND);
if (user_groups[0])
do_grp_update++;
Gflg++;
break;
case 'h':
usage ();
break;
case 'k':
def_template = optarg;
kflg++;
break;
case 'K':
/*
* override login.defs defaults (-K name=value)
* example: -K UID_MIN=100 -K UID_MAX=499
* note: -K UID_MIN=10,UID_MAX=499 doesn't work yet
*/
cp = strchr (optarg, '=');
if (!cp) {
fprintf (stderr,
_
("%s: -K requires KEY=VALUE\n"),
Prog);
exit (E_BAD_ARG);
}
/* terminate name, point to value */
*cp++ = '\0';
if (putdef_str (optarg, cp) < 0)
exit (E_BAD_ARG);
break;
case 'm':
mflg++;
break;
case 'o':
oflg++;
break;
case 'p': /* set encrypted password */
if (!VALID (optarg)) {
fprintf (stderr,
_
("%s: invalid field '%s'\n"),
Prog, optarg);
exit (E_BAD_ARG);
}
user_pass = optarg;
break;
case 's':
if (!VALID (optarg)
|| (optarg[0]
&& (optarg[0] != '/'
&& optarg[0] != '*'))) {
fprintf (stderr,
_
("%s: invalid shell '%s'\n"),
Prog, optarg);
exit (E_BAD_ARG);
}
user_shell = optarg;
def_shell = optarg;
sflg++;
break;
case 'u':
user_id = get_uid (optarg);
uflg++;
break;
default:
usage ();
}
anyflag++;
}
}
/*
* Certain options are only valid in combination with others.
* Check it here so that they can be specified in any order.
*/
if ((oflg && !uflg) || (kflg && !mflg))
usage ();
/*
* Either -D or username is required. Defaults can be set with -D
* for the -b, -e, -f, -g, -s options only.
*/
if (Dflg) {
if (optind != argc)
usage ();
if (uflg || oflg || Gflg || dflg || cflg || mflg)
usage ();
} else {
if (optind != argc - 1)
usage ();
user_name = argv[optind];
if (!check_user_name (user_name)) {
fprintf (stderr,
_
("%s: invalid user name '%s'\n"),
Prog, user_name);
#ifdef WITH_AUDIT
audit_logger (AUDIT_USER_CHAUTHTOK, Prog, "adding user",
user_name, -1, 0);
#endif
exit (E_BAD_ARG);
}
if (!dflg) {
char *uh;
uh = xmalloc (strlen (def_home) +
strlen (user_name) + 2);
sprintf (uh, "%s/%s", def_home, user_name);
user_home = uh;
}
}
if (!eflg)
user_expire = strtoday (def_expire);
if (!gflg)
user_gid = def_group;
if (!sflg)
user_shell = def_shell;
/* TODO: add handle change default spool mail creation by
-K CREATE_MAIL_SPOOL={yes,no}. It need rewrite internal API for handle
shadow tools configuration */
create_mail_spool = def_create_mail_spool;
}
/*
* close_files - close all of the files that were opened
*
* close_files() closes all of the files that were opened for this
* new user. This causes any modified entries to be written out.
*/
static void close_files (void)
{
if (!pw_close ()) {
fprintf (stderr, _("%s: cannot rewrite password file\n"), Prog);
fail_exit (E_PW_UPDATE);
}
if (is_shadow_pwd && !spw_close ()) {
fprintf (stderr,
_("%s: cannot rewrite shadow password file\n"), Prog);
fail_exit (E_PW_UPDATE);
}
if (do_grp_update) {
if (!gr_close ()) {
fprintf (stderr,
_("%s: cannot rewrite group file\n"), Prog);
fail_exit (E_GRP_UPDATE);
}
#ifdef SHADOWGRP
if (is_shadow_grp && !sgr_close ()) {
fprintf (stderr,
_
("%s: cannot rewrite shadow group file\n"),
Prog);
fail_exit (E_GRP_UPDATE);
}
#endif
}
if (is_shadow_pwd)
spw_unlock ();
pw_unlock ();
gr_unlock ();
#ifdef SHADOWGRP
if (is_shadow_grp)
sgr_unlock ();
#endif
}
/*
* open_files - lock and open the password files
*
* open_files() opens the two password files.
*/
static void open_files (void)
{
if (!pw_lock ()) {
fprintf (stderr, _("%s: unable to lock password file\n"), Prog);
#ifdef WITH_AUDIT
audit_logger (AUDIT_USER_CHAUTHTOK, Prog,
"locking password file", user_name, user_id, 0);
#endif
exit (E_PW_UPDATE);
}
if (!pw_open (O_RDWR)) {
fprintf (stderr, _("%s: unable to open password file\n"), Prog);
#ifdef WITH_AUDIT
audit_logger (AUDIT_USER_CHAUTHTOK, Prog,
"opening password file", user_name, user_id, 0);
#endif
pw_unlock ();
exit (E_PW_UPDATE);
}
if (is_shadow_pwd && !spw_lock ()) {
fprintf (stderr,
_("%s: cannot lock shadow password file\n"), Prog);
#ifdef WITH_AUDIT
audit_logger (AUDIT_USER_CHAUTHTOK, Prog,
"locking shadow password file", user_name,
user_id, 0);
#endif
pw_unlock ();
exit (E_PW_UPDATE);
}
if (is_shadow_pwd && !spw_open (O_RDWR)) {
fprintf (stderr,
_("%s: cannot open shadow password file\n"), Prog);
#ifdef WITH_AUDIT
audit_logger (AUDIT_USER_CHAUTHTOK, Prog,
"opening shadow password file", user_name,
user_id, 0);
#endif
spw_unlock ();
pw_unlock ();
exit (E_PW_UPDATE);
}
/*
* Lock and open the group file.
*/
if (!gr_lock ()) {
fprintf (stderr, _("%s: error locking group file\n"), Prog);
fail_exit (E_GRP_UPDATE);
}
if (!gr_open (O_RDWR)) {
fprintf (stderr, _("%s: error opening group file\n"), Prog);
fail_exit (E_GRP_UPDATE);
}
#ifdef SHADOWGRP
if (is_shadow_grp && !sgr_lock ()) {
fprintf (stderr,
_("%s: error locking shadow group file\n"), Prog);
fail_exit (E_GRP_UPDATE);
}
if (is_shadow_grp && !sgr_open (O_RDWR)) {
fprintf (stderr,
_("%s: error opening shadow group file\n"), Prog);
fail_exit (E_GRP_UPDATE);
}
#endif
}
static char *empty_list = NULL;
/*
* new_grent - initialize the values in a group file entry
*
* new_grent() takes all of the values that have been entered and fills
* in a (struct group) with them.
*/
static void new_grent (struct group *grent)
{
memzero (grent, sizeof *grent);
grent->gr_name = (char *) user_name;
grent->gr_passwd = SHADOW_PASSWD_STRING; /* XXX warning: const */
grent->gr_gid = user_gid;
grent->gr_mem = &empty_list;
}
#ifdef SHADOWGRP
/*
* new_sgent - initialize the values in a shadow group file entry
*
* new_sgent() takes all of the values that have been entered and fills
* in a (struct sgrp) with them.
*/
static void new_sgent (struct sgrp *sgent)
{
memzero (sgent, sizeof *sgent);
sgent->sg_name = (char *) user_name;
sgent->sg_passwd = "!"; /* XXX warning: const */
sgent->sg_adm = &empty_list;
sgent->sg_mem = &empty_list;
}
#endif /* SHADOWGRP */
/*
* grp_add - add new group file entries
*
* grp_add() writes the new records to the group files.
*/
static void grp_add (void)
{
struct group grp;
#ifdef SHADOWGRP
struct sgrp sgrp;
#endif /* SHADOWGRP */
/*
* Create the initial entries for this new group.
*/
new_grent (&grp);
#ifdef SHADOWGRP
new_sgent (&sgrp);
#endif /* SHADOWGRP */
/*
* Write out the new group file entry.
*/
if (!gr_update (&grp)) {
fprintf (stderr, _("%s: error adding new group entry\n"), Prog);
fail_exit (E_GRP_UPDATE);
}
#ifdef SHADOWGRP
/*
* Write out the new shadow group entries as well.
*/
if (is_shadow_grp && !sgr_update (&sgrp)) {
fprintf (stderr, _("%s: error adding new group entry\n"), Prog);
fail_exit (E_GRP_UPDATE);
}
#endif /* SHADOWGRP */
SYSLOG ((LOG_INFO, "new group: name=%s, GID=%u", user_name, user_gid));
do_grp_update++;
}
static void faillog_reset (uid_t uid)
{
struct faillog fl;
int fd;
fd = open (FAILLOG_FILE, O_RDWR);
if (fd >= 0) {
memzero (&fl, sizeof (fl));
lseek (fd, (off_t) sizeof (fl) * uid, SEEK_SET);
write (fd, &fl, sizeof (fl));
close (fd);
}
}
static void lastlog_reset (uid_t uid)
{
struct lastlog ll;
int fd;
fd = open (LASTLOG_FILE, O_RDWR);
if (fd >= 0) {
memzero (&ll, sizeof (ll));
lseek (fd, (off_t) sizeof (ll) * uid, SEEK_SET);
write (fd, &ll, sizeof (ll));
close (fd);
}
}
/*
* usr_update - create the user entries
*
* usr_update() creates the password file entries for this user
* and will update the group entries if required.
*/
static void usr_update (void)
{
struct passwd pwent;
struct spwd spent;
if (!oflg)
find_new_uid ();
/*
* Fill in the password structure with any new fields, making
* copies of strings.
*/
new_pwent (&pwent);
new_spent (&spent);
/*
* Create a syslog entry. We need to do this now in case anything
* happens so we know what we were trying to accomplish.
*/
SYSLOG ((LOG_INFO,
"new user: name=%s, UID=%u, GID=%u, home=%s, shell=%s",
user_name, (unsigned int) user_id,
(unsigned int) user_gid, user_home, user_shell));
/*
* Initialize faillog and lastlog entries for this UID in case
* it belongs to a previously deleted user. We do it only if
* no user with this UID exists yet (entries for shared UIDs
* are left unchanged). --marekm
*/
if (!getpwuid (user_id)) {
faillog_reset (user_id);
lastlog_reset (user_id);
}
/*
* Put the new (struct passwd) in the table.
*/
if (!pw_update (&pwent)) {
fprintf (stderr,
_("%s: error adding new password entry\n"), Prog);
exit (E_PW_UPDATE);
}
/*
* Put the new (struct spwd) in the table.
*/
if (is_shadow_pwd && !spw_update (&spent)) {
fprintf (stderr,
_
("%s: error adding new shadow password entry\n"),
Prog);
#ifdef WITH_AUDIT
audit_logger (AUDIT_USER_CHAUTHTOK, Prog,
"adding shadow password", user_name, user_id, 0);
#endif
exit (E_PW_UPDATE);
}
#ifdef WITH_AUDIT
audit_logger (AUDIT_USER_CHAUTHTOK, Prog, "adding user", user_name,
user_id, 1);
#endif
/*
* Do any group file updates for this user.
*/
if (do_grp_update)
grp_update ();
}
/*
* create_home - create the user's home directory
*
* create_home() creates the user's home directory if it does not
* already exist. It will be created mode 755 owned by the user
* with the user's default group.
*/
static void create_home (void)
{
if (access (user_home, F_OK)) {
/* XXX - create missing parent directories. --marekm */
if (mkdir (user_home, 0)) {
fprintf (stderr,
_
("%s: cannot create directory %s\n"),
Prog, user_home);
fail_exit (E_HOMEDIR);
}
chown (user_home, user_id, user_gid);
chmod (user_home,
0777 & ~getdef_num ("UMASK", GETDEF_DEFAULT_UMASK));
home_added++;
#ifdef WITH_AUDIT
audit_logger (AUDIT_USER_CHAUTHTOK, Prog,
"adding home directory", user_name, user_id, 1);
#endif
}
}
/*
* create_mail - create the user's mail spool
*
* create_mail() creates the user's mail spool if it does not already
* exist. It will be created mode 660 owned by the user and group
* 'mail'
*/
static void create_mail (void)
{
char *spool, *file;
int fd;
struct group *gr;
gid_t gid;
mode_t mode;
if (strcasecmp (create_mail_spool, "yes") == 0) {
spool = getdef_str ("MAIL_DIR") ? : "/var/mail";
file = alloca (strlen (spool) + strlen (user_name) + 2);
sprintf (file, "%s/%s", spool, user_name);
fd = open (file, O_CREAT | O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC | O_EXCL, 0);
if (fd < 0) {
perror (_("Creating mailbox file"));
return;
}
gr = getgrnam ("mail");
if (!gr) {
fprintf (stderr,
_
("Group 'mail' not found. Creating the user mailbox file with 0600 mode.\n"));
gid = user_gid;
mode = 0600;
} else {
gid = gr->gr_gid;
mode = 0660;
}
if (fchown (fd, user_id, gid) || fchmod (fd, mode))
perror (_("Setting mailbox file permissions"));
close (fd);
}
}
/*
* main - useradd command
*/
int main (int argc, char **argv)
{
#ifdef USE_PAM
pam_handle_t *pamh = NULL;
struct passwd *pampw;
int retval;
#endif
#ifdef WITH_AUDIT
audit_help_open ();
#endif
/*
* Get my name so that I can use it to report errors.
*/
Prog = Basename (argv[0]);
setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR);
textdomain (PACKAGE);
OPENLOG ("useradd");
sys_ngroups = sysconf (_SC_NGROUPS_MAX);
user_groups = malloc ((1 + sys_ngroups) * sizeof (char *));
/*
* Initialize the list to be empty
*/
user_groups[0] = (char *) 0;
is_shadow_pwd = spw_file_present ();
#ifdef SHADOWGRP
is_shadow_grp = sgr_file_present ();
#endif
get_defaults ();
process_flags (argc, argv);
#ifdef USE_PAM
retval = PAM_SUCCESS;
pampw = getpwuid (getuid ());
if (pampw == NULL) {
retval = PAM_USER_UNKNOWN;
}
if (retval == PAM_SUCCESS) {
retval = pam_start ("useradd", pampw->pw_name, &conv, &pamh);
}
if (retval == PAM_SUCCESS) {
retval = pam_authenticate (pamh, 0);
if (retval != PAM_SUCCESS) {
pam_end (pamh, retval);
}
}
if (retval == PAM_SUCCESS) {
retval = pam_acct_mgmt (pamh, 0);
if (retval != PAM_SUCCESS) {
pam_end (pamh, retval);
}
}
if (retval != PAM_SUCCESS) {
fprintf (stderr, _("%s: PAM authentication failed\n"), Prog);
exit (1);
}
#endif /* USE_PAM */
/*
* See if we are messing with the defaults file, or creating
* a new user.
*/
if (Dflg) {
if (gflg || bflg || fflg || eflg || sflg)
exit (set_defaults ()? 1 : 0);
show_defaults ();
exit (E_SUCCESS);
}
/*
* Start with a quick check to see if the user exists.
*/
if (getpwnam (user_name)) {
fprintf (stderr, _("%s: user %s exists\n"), Prog, user_name);
#ifdef WITH_AUDIT
audit_logger (AUDIT_USER_CHAUTHTOK, Prog, "adding user",
user_name, -1, 0);
#endif
exit (E_NAME_IN_USE);
}
/*
* Don't blindly overwrite a group when a user is added...
* If you already have a group username, and want to add the user
* to that group, use useradd -g username username.
* --bero
*/
if (!gflg) {
if (getgrnam (user_name)) {
fprintf (stderr,
_
("%s: group %s exists - if you want to add this user to that group, use -g.\n"),
Prog, user_name);
#ifdef WITH_AUDIT
audit_logger (AUDIT_USER_CHAUTHTOK, Prog,
"adding group", user_name, -1, 0);
#endif
exit (E_NAME_IN_USE);
}
}
/*
* Do the hard stuff:
* - open the files,
* - create the user entries,
* - create the home directory,
* - create user mail spool,
* - flush nscd caches for passwd and group services,
* - then close and update the files.
*/
open_files ();
if (!oflg) {
/* first, seek for a valid uid to use for this user.
* We do this because later we can use the uid we found as
* gid too ... --gafton */
find_new_uid ();
}
/* do we have to add a group for that user? This is why we need to
* open the group files in the open_files() function --gafton */
if (!(nflg || gflg)) {
find_new_gid ();
grp_add ();
}
usr_update ();
if (mflg) {
create_home ();
if (home_added)
copy_tree (def_template, user_home, user_id, user_gid);
else
fprintf (stderr,
_
("%s: warning: the home directory already exists.\n"
"Not copying any file from skel directory into it.\n"),
Prog);
} else if (getdef_str ("CREATE_HOME")) {
/*
* RedHat added the CREATE_HOME option in login.defs in their
* version of shadow-utils (which makes -m the default, with
* new -M option to turn it off). Unfortunately, this
* changes the way useradd works (it can be run by scripts
* expecting some standard behaviour), compared to other
* Unices and other Linux distributions, and also adds a lot
* of confusion :-(.
* So we now recognize CREATE_HOME and give a warning here
* (better than "configuration error ... notify administrator"
* errors in every program that reads /etc/login.defs). -MM
*/
fprintf (stderr,
_
("%s: warning: CREATE_HOME not supported, please use -m instead.\n"),
Prog);
}
create_mail ();
nscd_flush_cache ("passwd");
nscd_flush_cache ("group");
close_files ();
#ifdef USE_PAM
if (retval == PAM_SUCCESS)
pam_end (pamh, PAM_SUCCESS);
#endif /* USE_PAM */
exit (E_SUCCESS);
/* NOT REACHED */
}
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