99 lines
2.4 KiB
Groff
99 lines
2.4 KiB
Groff
.\" Title: passwd
|
|
.\" Author:
|
|
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.70.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
|
|
.\" Date: 07/30/2006
|
|
.\" Manual: File Formats and Conversions
|
|
.\" Source: File Formats and Conversions
|
|
.\"
|
|
.TH "PASSWD" "5" "07/30/2006" "File Formats and Conversions" "File Formats and Conversions"
|
|
.\" disable hyphenation
|
|
.nh
|
|
.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
|
|
.ad l
|
|
.SH "NAME"
|
|
passwd \- the password file
|
|
.SH "DESCRIPTION"
|
|
.PP
|
|
|
|
\fI/etc/passwd\fR
|
|
contains one line for each user account, with seven fields delimited by colons (\(lq:\(rq). These fields are:
|
|
.TP 3n
|
|
\(bu
|
|
login name
|
|
.TP 3n
|
|
\(bu
|
|
optional encrypted password
|
|
.TP 3n
|
|
\(bu
|
|
numerical user ID
|
|
.TP 3n
|
|
\(bu
|
|
numerical group ID
|
|
.TP 3n
|
|
\(bu
|
|
user name or comment field
|
|
.TP 3n
|
|
\(bu
|
|
user home directory
|
|
.TP 3n
|
|
\(bu
|
|
optional user command interpreter
|
|
.sp
|
|
.RE
|
|
.PP
|
|
The encrypted password field may be blank, in which case no password is required to authenticate as the specified login name. However, some applications which read the
|
|
\fI/etc/passwd\fR
|
|
file may decide not to permit
|
|
\fIany\fR
|
|
access at all if the
|
|
\fIpassword\fR
|
|
field is blank. If the
|
|
\fIpassword\fR
|
|
field is a lower\-case
|
|
\(lqx\(rq, then the encrypted password is actually stored in the
|
|
\fBshadow\fR(5)
|
|
file instead; there
|
|
\fImust\fR
|
|
be a corresponding line in the
|
|
\fI/etc/shadow\fR
|
|
file, or else the user account is invalid. If the
|
|
\fIpassword\fR
|
|
field is any other string, then it will be treated as an encrypted password, as specified by
|
|
\fBcrypt\fR(3).
|
|
.PP
|
|
The comment field is used by various system utilities, such as
|
|
\fBfinger\fR(1).
|
|
.PP
|
|
The home directory field provides the name of the initial working directory. The
|
|
\fBlogin\fR
|
|
program uses this information to set the value of the
|
|
\fB$HOME\fR
|
|
environmental variable.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The command interpreter field provides the name of the user's command language interpreter, or the name of the initial program to execute. The
|
|
\fBlogin\fR
|
|
program uses this information to set the value of the
|
|
\fB$SHELL\fR
|
|
environmental variable. If this field is empty, it defaults to the value
|
|
\fI/bin/sh\fR.
|
|
.SH "FILES"
|
|
.TP 3n
|
|
\fI/etc/passwd\fR
|
|
User account information.
|
|
.TP 3n
|
|
\fI/etc/shadow\fR
|
|
optional encrypted password file
|
|
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
|
.PP
|
|
|
|
\fBgetent\fR(1),
|
|
\fBlogin\fR(1),
|
|
\fBpasswd\fR(1),
|
|
\fBsu\fR(1),
|
|
\fBcrypt\fR(3),
|
|
\fBgetpwnam\fR(3),
|
|
\fBshadow\fR(5),
|
|
\fBpwconv\fR(8),
|
|
\fBpwunconv\fR(8),
|
|
\fBsulogin\fR(8).
|